tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-19930444575952388992024-03-13T13:28:29.133-07:00NabukodoriNATELA POPKHADZEhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13568269499155042696noreply@blogger.comBlogger37125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1993044457595238899.post-3202892838294167392009-11-15T06:10:00.001-08:002009-11-15T06:10:02.569-08:004321<div><p style="margin:0pt"><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="3">ნათელა</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="3">ფოფხაძე</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="3">თბილისი</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="3">დამოუკიდებელი</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="3">მკვლევარი</font></span></p><p style="margin:0pt"> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="6">სად</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="6">, როდის</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="6">ვიწოდეთ</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="6">ქართველები </font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="6"> </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="6">გეორგებად</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="6"> </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="6">თავდაპირველად</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="6"> </font></span></p><p style="margin:0pt"><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5"> </font></span></p><p style="margin:0pt"><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><b><font size="5">აია</font></b></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><b><font size="5">, </font></b></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><b><font size="5">კოლხეთი</font></b></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><b><font size="5">,</font></b></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><b><font size="5">იბერია</font></b></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><b><font size="5">//</font></b></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><b><font size="5">ივერია</font></b></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><b><font size="5">,</font></b></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><b><font size="5">სუანია</font></b></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><b><font size="5">, </font></b></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><b><font size="5">მარგალია</font></b></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><b><font size="5">//</font></b></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><b><font size="5">სამარგალო</font></b></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><b><font size="5">//</font></b></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><b><font size="5">სამეგრელო</font></b></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><b><font size="5">,</font></b></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><b><font size="5">ქარდუ</font></b></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><b><font size="5">//</font></b></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><b><font size="5">ქარდუნია</font></b></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><b><font size="5">,</font></b></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><b><font size="5">ლაზია</font></b></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><b><font size="5">, </font></b></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><b><font size="5">პელაზგია</font></b></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><b><font size="5">,</font></b></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><b><font size="5">გეორგია</font></b></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">–</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ამ</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მთავარი</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">სახელებით</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">იხსენიებ</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">იან</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ქართველთა</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">სამკვიდრო</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">არეები</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">და</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მათ</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">შესაბამისად</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">იხსენიებიან</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ქართი</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">//</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ქართველი</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ერის</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">წარმომადგენლები</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ათასწლეულთა</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მანძილზე</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">წერილობით</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">აღბეჭდილ</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მასალაში</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">. </font></span></p><p style="margin:0pt"><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5"> </font></span></p><p style="margin:0pt"><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">უძველესი</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5"> დამწერლობით</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">, </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">კერძოდ</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">, </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ლურსმ</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ა</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ნულით</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">საქართველო</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">იხსენიება</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5"> </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">აია</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">, </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">კოლა</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">//</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">კოლა</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">–</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ბა</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">//</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">კოლხითი</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">, </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ქარდუ</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">, </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ქარდუნია</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">სახელწოდებებით</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">, ხოლო </font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">რაც</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">შეეხება</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">სიტყვებს</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><b><font size="5">გეორგია</font></b></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><b><font size="5">, </font></b></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><b><font size="5">გეორგი</font></b></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><b><font size="5">, </font></b></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><b><font size="5">გეორგიელი</font></b></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><b><font size="5">–</font></b></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ამ</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">დამწერლობით</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">აღბეჭდილ</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მასალ</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ებ</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ში</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">არ</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">შემხვედრია</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">. </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">უნდა</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ითქვას</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">, </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">რომ</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ლურსმ</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ა</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ნული</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">დამწერლობი</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ს</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ათასობით</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">წარწერა</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ან</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ვრცელი</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ტექსტი</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5"> </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ჯერ</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ამოკითხული</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">არც</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">არის</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">.</font></span></p><p style="margin:0pt"> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ძველი</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მოსახლეობა</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><b><font size="5">გეორგებად</font></b></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">პირველად</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">იხსენიება</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">პირველ</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">საუკუნეში</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ს</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ტრაბონის</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მიერ</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ელინურ ენაზე </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">შედგენილ</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მსოფლიოს</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">გეოგრაფიულ</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">აღწერაში</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">. </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">იმ</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ვრცელ</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ნაშრომს</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">„</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">გეოგრაფია</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">“</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ეწოდება</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">და</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">დედანის</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ენიდან</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">–</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ელინურიდან</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">თარგმნილია</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მთლიანად </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ინგლისურ</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">,</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ფრანგულ</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">, </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">გერმანულ</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">,</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">რუსულ</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ენებზე</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">, </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ხოლო</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ქართულ</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ენაზე</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">–</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ნაწილობრივ</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">. </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ვრცელი</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ნაწყვეტები</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ელინურიდან </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ქართულ ენაზე </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">თარგმნა</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">თინა</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5"> სიმონის ასულმა </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ყაუხჩიშვილმა</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">. </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">სტრაბონის</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ამ</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ნაშრომიდან</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ნაწყვეტებს</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ადრე</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ც</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მოიხმობდნენ</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ქართველი</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მკვლევარები</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">: </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ვახუშტი</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ბატონიშვილი</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">, </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ერეკლე</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მეორის</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ოჯახის</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">წევრები</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">, </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მომდევნო</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ხანის</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ქართველი</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მკვლევარები</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">: </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მიხეილ</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">თამარაშვილი</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">, </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მოსე</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ჯანაშვილი</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">, </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ივანე</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ჯავახიშვილი</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">და</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">სხვანი</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">. </font></span></p><p style="margin:0pt"><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><b><font size="5">გეორგებად</font></b></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">, </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">სხვანაირად</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">, </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">იბერებად</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">, </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ხალიბებად</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">, </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">იბეროხალიბებად</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">პირველ, მეორე, მესამე საუკუნეებში </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">იხსენიება</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მდინარე</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ხ</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ი</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">უფანის</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">//</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ჰ</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ი</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">უფანის</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">აუზის</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მოსახლეობა</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">; </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ხსენებული</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მხარე</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ამჟამად</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">შეესატყვისება მდინარე </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">დნეპრისა</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">და</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მის</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">დასავლეთით</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მიმდებარე</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მდინარე</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ბუგის</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">აუზებს</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">. </font></span> </p><p style="margin:0pt"><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5"> </font></span></p><p style="margin:0pt"><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ამ</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მხარესთან</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ერთად</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">,</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><b><font size="5">გეორგებად</font></b></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">იწოდებიან </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">პირველ</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">საუკუნეში</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">სტრაბონის</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მიერ</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">იწოდებიან</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5"> </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ნახევარკუნძულ</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">აიას</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5"> (</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ამჟამინდელი</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">სახელით</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">თუ</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ვიტყვით</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">, </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ყირიმი</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">) </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">და</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ჩრდილოეთ</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">კასპიისპირეთის</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მოსახლეობა</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">. </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მათ</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მახლობლად</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ჩრდილოეთ</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">კავკასიაში</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მო</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">იხსენიებიან</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">კოლხები</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">, </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">სუანები</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">, </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მოსხები</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">. </font></span> </p><p style="margin:0pt"><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5"> </font></span></p><p style="margin:0pt 0pt 0pt 35.4pt"><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">პირველ</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">საუკუნეში</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5"> </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">სტრაბონის</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მიერ</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5"> </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">შედგენილ</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მსოფლიოს</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ამ </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ვრცელ</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">აღწერაში</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">იხსენიება</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ასევე </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><b><font size="5">კოლხების</font></b></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><b><font size="5">ზღვა</font></b></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">. </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ეს</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ის</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ზღვაა</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">, </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">რომელსაც</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ამჟამად</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5"> „</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">შავი</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">“ </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ეწოდება</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ქართულ</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">და</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">სხვა</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ენებზე</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">. </font></span></p><p style="margin:0pt"><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">სტრაბონის</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მომდევნო</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ხანაში</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">საქმიანობდნენ</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">რომის</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">იმპერიის</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">დიდმოხელეები</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">გაიოზ</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">პლინიუს</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">უფროსი</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5"> და</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">პლინიუს</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">უმცროსი</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">–პლინიუს უფროსის</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ადრე</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">დაობლებული</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">დისწული</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">, </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">რომელიც</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">თავადვე </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">აღზარდა</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">. მოგვიანებით</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ის</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ვრცელი</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მხარეების</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მმართველი</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">გახდა</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">, </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მათ</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">შორის</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">, </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ნახევარკუნძულ</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">აიასი</font></span> <span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">(</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ყირიმის</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">). </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">პლინიუს უმცროსი</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ნახევარკუნძულ აიას//</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ქერსონის//ყირიმის მმართველების მიერ შედგენილ საბუთებს </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">თავისი სახელმწიფო საბეჭდავით </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">დაამოწმებდა ხოლმე; </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ამავე </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მმართველებს ზედამხედველობდა</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5"> კიდეც</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">. ის გახდა ბიძის–პლინიუს უფროსის მრავალათასგვერდიანი გამოკვლევის პატრონი, მეურვე, რედაქტორი, გამომქვეყნებელი. </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">უნდა</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ვიცოდეთ</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">, </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">რომ</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5"> </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">პლინიუს</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5"> უფროს</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მაც</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ახსენა</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><b><font size="5">გეორგები</font></b></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ჩრდილოეთ</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">კავკასიაში</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">თავის</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მრავალტომიან</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ენციკლოპედიაში</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">, </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">რომელშიც</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მოცემულია იმდროინდელი </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მსოფლიო</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ს</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">აღწერა</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">. </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">სიტყვა</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ენციკლოპედია</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">პირველად</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მან</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">შემოიღო</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">,</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">აქედან</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">დამკვიდრდა</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">და</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">გავრცელდა</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">საყოველთაოდ</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">. </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">პლინიუსის</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მრავალტომეულს</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5"> „</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ნატურალის</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ჰ</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ისტორია</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">“ </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ანუ</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ბუნების</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">, </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">სამყაროს</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ისტორია</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ეწოდება</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">. </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">პლინიუს</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5"> უფროს</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ი</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ვახუშტი</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ბატონიშვილმა</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">„</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">პლინი</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">სტოიკ</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">“–</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ად</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მოიხსენია</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">: </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">„</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">იტყვის</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">პლინი</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">სტოიკი</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">“</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">–</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">წერდა</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ბატონიშვილი</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ვახუშტი</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მეთვრამეტე</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">საუკუნეში</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">შედგენილ</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ი</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">თავის</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ი</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">გეოგრაფიულ</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ი</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ნაშრომ</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ის შესავალშივე</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">. </font></span></p><p style="margin:0pt"> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">პირველ</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">საუკუნეში</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">საქმიანობდა</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">პლინიუსის</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">თანამედროვე</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">რომაელი</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">დიდმოხელე</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">პომპონიუს</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მელა</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">. </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მსოფლიოს</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მისეულ</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">აღწერაში</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ჩემი </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ყურადღება</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მი</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">იქცია</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ჩრდილოეთ</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">კასპიისპირეთში</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><b><font size="5">გეორგი</font></b></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">სახელწოდებით</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მოსახლეობის</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მოხსენიება</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მ</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">. </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">პირველ</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">საუკუნეში</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მოღვაწე</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">რომაელი</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">დიდმოხელის</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">–</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ტაციტუსის</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მიერ</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">შედგენილ</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მსოფლიოს</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">გეოგრაფიულ</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">აღწერაშიც</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">იხსენიებიან</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">გეორგები</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">//</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">გეორგიელები</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ჩრდილოეთ</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">კავკასიაში</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ცა</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">და</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ჩრდილოეთ</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">კასპიისპირეთში</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ც</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">. </font></span></p><p style="margin:0pt"><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">პირველი</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">საუკუნის</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მოღვაწეების</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">: </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">სტრაბონის</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">, </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">გაიოზ</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">პლინიუს</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">უფროსის</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">, </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">პომპონიუს</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მელას</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">, </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ტაციტის</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">//</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ტაციტუსის</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მიერ</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">შედგენილ</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მსოფლიოს</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">აღწერებში</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><b><font size="5">გეორგები</font></b></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">იხსენიებიან</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">კავკასიონის</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მთავარი</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">წყალგამყოფი</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ქედის</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ჩრდილოეთით</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მდებარე</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მხარეში</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ანუ</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ჩრდილოეთ</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">კავკასიაში</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">. </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">იქაური</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">კულტურული</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ნაშთები</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მომავალში უსათუოდ დაადასტურებენ კოლხი</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ქართველების</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ძველთაგანვე</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ა</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მ</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">მხარეებშიც</font></span> <span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">განსახლება</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">საც</font></span><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5">. </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5"> უნდა ვიცოდეთ, რომ ამჟამად </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><b><font size="5">გეორგებად</font></b></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5"> ქართვ</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ელების მოხსენიება უცხოურ ენებზე აკნინებს, ამცრობს აია–</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5"> კოლხი, სუანი, მარგალი, </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ქართი, </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ლაზი, ჭანი</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">, მესხი და სხვა სახელებით </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">„</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><b><font size="5">გეო</font></b></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><b><font size="5">რ</font></b></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><b><font size="5">გებად</font></b></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">“</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5"> მოხსენიებაზე </font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">რამდენიმე ათასწლეულით ადრე</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5"> ცნობილ ერთიანი ქართველი ერის მრავალათასწლოვან წარსულს. აიაქართიბერიად, აიაკოლხიბერიად ან აიასუანგეორგიად ჩვენი ერისა და</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5"> მისი</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5"> სახელმწიფოს მოხსენიება უ</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">ფრო წარმოაჩენს მისი ერის კულტურისა და ისტორიის მთავარ ბირთვს, ხერხემალს და მრავალათასწლოვან სახელმწიფოებრიობას</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5"> სამეფო ეროვნული ხელისუფლების სახით</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">. </font></span></p><p style="margin:0pt"><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5"> </font></span></p><p style="margin:0pt"><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">1257 წლამდე საფრანგეთის, იტალიის და სხვა დასავლური სახელმწიფოების ხელისუფლებს მიაჩნდათ, რომ კასპიის ტბა („ზღვა“)</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5"> ჩრდილოეთით უერთდებოდა ოკეანეს. ეს ვარაუდი საფრანგეთის მეფის წარგზავნილმა ბერმა იოანემ</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5"> ქალაქ რუბრუკვისში დაბადებულმა)</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5"> გაასწორა, როდესაც იერუსალიმიდან ჩავიდა მონღოლ მმართველთან ყარა–ყორუმში</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5">, უკან კი</font></span><span style="font-family:Sylfaen"><font size="5"> დაბრუნდა შუა საქართველოზე გამოვლით.</font></span></p><p style="margin:0pt"><span style="font-family:Academic-Times"><font size="5"> </font></span></p><p style="margin:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">1</font></span></p><p style="margin:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p></div><br>NATELA POPKHADZEhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13568269499155042696noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1993044457595238899.post-69088408199916137422009-10-02T03:39:00.001-07:002009-10-02T03:39:29.704-07:002.CV______of____NATELA_B[1]<DIV class=western><FONT size=4>Natela Borisis asuli (daughter of Boris) Popkhadze. Tbilisi</FONT> </DIV><br /><DIV class=western> </DIV><br /><DIV class=western><FONT size=4>God Lile//Lil//En-Lil in Hymns Survived in XXI Century C.E.</FONT> </DIV><br /><DIV class=western> </DIV><br /><DIV class=western>A millennia-old hymn to Lil//Lile, called "Lileo" is still very popular among the Kartueli//Qartueli//Qartveli nation. This nation is indigeneous in the entire area of the modern Republic of Georgia situated at the Eastern coast of the Colkhian//Colchian Sea known later as the Great Sea( Mare Maggiore) and still later as the Black Sea. This nation is indigeneous also to areas surrounding this republic that are incorporated in several political entities now where ethnic Kartu nationals//Kartuels//Georgians are either assimilated, denationalized or discriminated by others. For all that they remember ancient traditional texts and melodies. Some of them are forgotten even in the Republic of Georgia//Kartu and performers that dwell outside that Republic remember both the text and the melody of the traditional hymns, songs, nursery rhymes. The indigeneous most ancient name of that god is Lil as remembered by the elderly persons and by written texts published by ethnologysts in XIX-XXI centuries. In modern Standard Kartu//Qartu language it is both written and pronounced "Lile" and the letter "e" is not mute, it ought to be pronounced [e]. The letter "o" in the title "Lileo" of the hymn to god Lil adds to that word an aspect of address. The singer addresses that god and glorifies Him, praizes His activity, His shining palace where great bulls with gold horns and slender species of the deer are sweet to the beholder. The first word of this hymn is preceded by the interjection "Oh"; the meaning is the same as in the English language: Oh. A soloist starts addressing god Lil with the interjection "Oh" and sings it in a high pitch. The name of the god follows in the slightly lower pitch. The word "didab" follows; the meaning of that word is "glory", "glory to You". The chorus of men starts singing. Women do not participate in this hymn if it is performed on the stage, but during the birthday parties, during travel in a car etc. everyone is welcome to sing this hymn and women are not discriminated. The festive day of Lil//Lile is in the Spring on the day "when the Sun moves the distance of two leaps of a ram" as the elderly persons say. People arrive from various areas-villages and towns on the eve of that festivity to the mountainous village called Chukuli. They pass the night in telling stories, feasting, singing, dancing, preparing several delicious dishes, especially the pie called "Kuptar//Kuptari". I was pleased when I saw that word in the Tischler's Dictionary in German of an ancient language written in the cuneiform script; the word Kuptar was explained in that dictionary to be "an offering" to the god. This dish is very popular in the entire Republic of Georgia. It is prepared and sold on the spot fresh and hot from the oven on every street in Tbilisi; it is the modern capital of the Republic of Georgia. Ancient capitals of the kingdom of Kartu//Kardu were the city called Kalkhu//Calkho on the river Iddigana( the Tigris of the later millennia), the cities called Babili( Babylon), Ur of the Chaldeans, Erekhi//Urukhi. Kuptari has become the Georgian//Kartu National Fast Food lately and everyone enjoys it. It is a pie. The dough is made of the wheat flour and water; the excellent parts of beaf ought to be chosen for Kuptar pies as traditionally it is made for the god. The meat ought not be lean; it is chopped in very tiny pieces, salt, pepper, greens like parsely are added. It ought to be round because the Sun is round. It is baked like any other pie in an oven and served hot. Kuptari is an obligatory dish at the festivities to the god in the area called Suan//Suania. Suan area is populated by that part of ethnic Kartu nation that has preserved the ancient layers in their speach, stories, legends better than the rest of the Kartu nation. The word Suan( Su-An) is a testimony of the remote days when An was the supreme god. Sacred numbers were 6, 5, 4, 3. Later the ancients decided for some reason that it was better to choose the divine numbers 60, 50, 40, 30( instead of the former 6, 5, 4, 3). When the number becomes 60 it becomes "one" and the cycle starts afresh. Thus 60 is both 60 and at the same time it is "one". Sixty is a unit in counting minutes of time( and of place as on the map). The number 60 is the number of the supreme god An//Anu. At the same time Anu is "One", the most excelent reality. This was known in the III millennium already by the ancients( R. Dumbrill). The notion of the Supreme god being "the One" that is all-abiding, universal brings us to the Proclus's ideas and then to the theory of Petre Iberi( Petre the Iberian//Iverian//Kartu//Kartueli); he was the son of the king of Iberia//Iveria that is at the Sea of the Iberians//Kolkhians in the so-called Caucasus area and beyond. Petre the Iberian strived in the IV century C.E. His teacher in phylosophy was Ioanne( pronounced [ioanne]) Lazi (the Laz, the Lazian). Petre the Iberian is known as the Pseudo-Dionisius the Areopagite. Dionisius lived in the I century and is considered to be the XIII apostle of Christ. Iberian, Iverian, Colkhian, Lazian, Meskhian, Suanian, Aian//Haian( Aieti, Medea, Circe were Aians//Haians//Kolkhians//Lazians//Iberians//Kartuels) -these words denote one and the same ethnicity the one name for which is Kartu//Kardu, hence the ancient kingdom of Kardu//Karduniash attested in a vast area in II, I millennia B.C.E. on the map compiled by Leonard Wolley printed in London in his book "Forgotten Kingdom". I was pleased to see a large multicolored map made by N. Postgate in 1967 as a sheet glued to the wall in one of the rooms at the Ivane Javkhishvili State//National University in Tbilisi where the Sumerian, Accadian, Hettian//Hettic are tought by several persons. Students are interested in learning the Hatti language especially as it is traditionally known that the Hatti language has much in common with the language of the Kartu nation. As to the term "the Sumerian language", authors of the handbooks say that the term Sumerian language" was coined by one scientist-Julius Oppert in the 1867-ies to replace the already established term "Chaldean" in science literature. He even replaced explenatory comments on artfacts exibited at the museums in several countries; museums in other countries did the same later. Chalde//Qalde( letter "e" is pronounced here as [e]) is the cherished, beloved geographical name of ethnic Kartu nation and its replacement by other words is not reccommended. The proper names of ancient kingdoms are important to trace the forgotten or delliberately hushed, concealed history of the ethnicity//the nation that created them. The word Sumer is also a Kartu//Chaldean word, just like the word Chaldea is. It is a composite word consisting of two Kartu//Georgian words: Shu( middle) plus Mere( mere[mere] means land, area, hence the Georgian words "Amereti", "Imereti", meaning the area "at this side" of a spectator or at the far side from the spectator or from the dividing mountain ridge); hence "Sumere" means area situated in the middle, between other areas( Mose Janashvili 1906 46). Had Jules Oppert known that fact, he would dislike the word Sumer just like he disliked the words Chaldea, Kartu//Kardu//Karduniash. Another national god called Aia is also still revered among the ethnic Kartu//Colkhi nation. A hymn is performed at His festive day in the Spring-time mostly at villages and small towns. Traditional ancient realities, hymns among them, are indeed a lore that are and ought to be widely popularized. International conferences are the best place to do that. I came across recently in the library in Tbilisi a handbook on music written in Arabic in about XIV century and translated into English in XX c. The very first page was interesting to me as it mentioned the terms "Zhiri" and "Bami"for strings. I recalled that both are known from ancient Kartu//Georgian texts written by Ioanne Petritsi in XI c.; he wrote several phylosophical works, was a pupil of Ioannes Italus. Ioanne Petritsi translated Proclus's work "Elements of Theology" into Kartu language. He sometimes chose to deviate from the literal translation and added his own considerations on this or that problem. Petritsi used terms "Zhiri", "Bami"in his chapter dedicated to music. He dwelt on the number "one" and wrote that number 1 is the holy number and is a name of the God. The Arabic text mentioned above is a work on what music at large is, what musical instruments are, what the strings are ( Zhiri and Bami//Bam are the terms for the first and the second strings of a string instrument) and other helpful knowledge is rendered. In the Kartu//Georgian science literature the musical term Zhiri in Petritsi's work is considered to be the string of Sun and is of the highest pitch. Analysis of both the Arabic text and its English translation by ethnic Kartu//Georgian scientists may reveal data that have escaped the attention of other musicologists. Hymns to god Lil//Lile, to god Aia are recorded by several choruses. All are informative to musicologists and slightly differ from chorus to chorus. Ancient musical terms, their link to the national beliefs and traditions still need investigation. A sample of the vitality of the tradition al belief in god Lil's vast power and capacity to help humans is this: the famous Kartu//Suan//Georgian alpinist Misha Khergiani given the nick-name "Kldis vepkhvi"//the Leopard, the tiger of the clyffs- was on the virge of death hanging on one finger( he was able to do that) over an abyss climbing the most difficult part of the mountain Ushba. He was in such great danger that could fall and die, so he shouted down to other climbers to unfasten the ropes that were tied to his( Misha's) rope. They obeyed to the command of the leader of the group. Soon they heard that the invisible Misha high up on the cliff was singing a hymn to Lil in a low voice. One of the climbers knew that the humming the hymn to Lile//Lil while climbing was Misha Khergiani's habit in utmost danger; that person told other climbers this and all tied their ropes to the rope of Khergiani again, then shouted to him informing him they did so and that they would stay tied to his rope, so if Khergiani fall, others would try to catch him on the rope, if not, all would willingly perish with him. In several minutes Khergiani found a stone to help lift up his body, climbed the cliff, other followed. It is god Lil that Khergiani appealled to for help in utmost danger. He was sure subconciously that god Lil assisted him, that otherwise he would fall and perish in the abyss. This incident was aired on the local Television in Tbilisi. This was retold by the Kartu//Georgian musicologist Ioseb Zhordania//Jordania at the International Conference in the Traditional Music held at the Conservatoire in Tbilisi in 2007. </DIV><br /><DIV class=western><FONT size=4>Echo of the Flood in the Song and Dance called ‘Erekheli’</FONT> </DIV><br /><P class=western>‘<FONT size=3>Erekheli’ is one of the most widely performed piece of music in modern Sakartvelo among the ethnic Kartu//Kartueli. ‘ I am a citizen of the country Erekhi; my story is rendered from generation to generation and this story is truly ‘saarako’//fascinationg to the imagination, so that it will never be forgotten. A terrible ‘merekhi’ happened in my country, but my nation survived that natural disaster and here we are singing, dancing merrily and remembering that event.’-This is an essence of the text of the song ‘Erekheli’in a nutshell. The text is surely archaic, preserved in the oldest variant of the Kartu language called Megr//Megruli(‘ of the Megrs’). Like a broken cuneiform tablet, it surely has lacunae; some words are mentioned(e.g., qum), the meaning of which the modern singers fail to grasp, they no longer remember it. Nevertheless the basic ideas: that the merekhi (the disaster) happened in Erekhi, that it was a miraculous event retold from one generation to another through millennia and that the modern representatives of the survivals sing in Megr Kartuli language-are defined and chiseled clearly. The meaning of the word ‘merekhi’ is defined in Otar Qajaia’s ‘Glossary of the Megr Words’, Tbilisi, 2001, in Kartuli, as follows: merekhua(merekhuas) is a nown, from the verb merekhans-1. Extremely heavy rain with the raging winds and storms. A popular saying says: Tchvents, valnts, merekhants, mekhi tchqhonts felekants: K. Samushia., Qartuli zepirsitqviereba, p. 81-It rains awfully(merekhants), it darts lightnings, the lightning hits and splits the oak. 2. Destruction, annihilation. Qomort kirtskhiq do merekhuu irfeli- hail began//came and merkhuu//destroyed everything(irfeli). Words erekheli and merekheli are interrelated in that glossary. The rhythm of the music for the song ‘Erekheli’ is slow, by and by the tempo becomes faster- to the possibility of the performers, that varies from one group to another. This song and dance has been recorded by various groups in Tbilisi in XXc. and performed at many events. Other archaic traditional Megr songs are Tsira, Nana, Aia. Tsira is a Lady of the River, a partially divine and eternally young lady. In A. Hamilton’s brilliant translation of A story of Isimud-a text preserved in cuneiform script, the words ‘thira, tsiras (several Nereids) are masterfully employed to render the archaic essence of the cuneiform text in modern English translation. Nana//Nanaya is a Great Mother goddess , though perceived somewhat subconsciously by modern singers; most of them are not professionals, though some have graduated from the Conservatoire in Tbilisi. The name of the wind instrument called ‘buki’(used to summon people) in Kartuli is preserved in the cuneiform text concerning Gilgamesh’s loss of that instrument mentioned as ‘puku’, though ‘buki’ seems to be the correct term. Songs dedicated to Lile//En-Lile are still popular among the ethnic Kartu//Kartueli( of the country Kartu). Traditional songs and dances of the Megr and Suan Kartuels actively retain the archaic melodies and texts of millennia-old events. The Ugula//Head of the City of Tbilisi is Gigi Ugula//Ugulava. Gigi is the first name, Ugula//Ugulava is the second name and his job is called ‘ugula’- it being an interesting coincidence. Both Gigi and Ugula are words known from ancient cuneiform texts in the area called Kardu//Karduniash. The southern region of Karduniash is rendered on a map printed in Leonard Woolley, The Forgotten Kingdom(London 1976).</FONT> </P><br /><P class=western><BR><BR></P><br /><P class=western><BR><BR></P><br /><P class=western><BR><BR></P><br /><P class=western><FONT size=3>CV of NATELA B. POPKHADZE address : Republic of Sakartvelo//Georgia. 0102 Tbilisi. Dgebuadze street, house no.1. entr.//podiezd 7, room 143. 8<SUP>th</SUP> floor. Telephone +995 32)968522. </FONT><FONT color=#0000ff><U><A href="mailto:Aiiaiberiakarti@gmail.com"><FONT size=3>Aiiaiberiakarti@gmail.com</FONT></A></U></FONT><FONT size=3> Scientist at the National Endowment project at the Oriental Institute in Tbilisi. Group of Byzantine Studies.</FONT> </P><br /><P class=western><FONT size=3>Born June 14 1945 Tbilisi, Republic of Sakartvelo//Georgia in the USSR. Nationality Kartu//Kartueli//Georgian.</FONT> </P><br /><P class=western><FONT size=3>1962 graduated Kartuli school no.1 in Tbilisi. 1965-graduated a ten year Musical school , class in fortepiano at the Tbilisi Conservatoire. 1967-the English language department of the Institute of Foreign Languages in Tbilisi. 1967-1993 worked as a scientist and Technical information and patents’ specialist at the Institute of the Inorganic Chemistry in Tbilisi. 1993-1997 Scientist at the Institute of Demography and Social Studies of Sakartuelo , participated in several Republican events, and at the Non/Profit Association for the Preservation of Traditional Values of the Kartu//Georgian Nation ‘Pesvebi ‘ (the Roots) in Tbilisi. 1998-2008 a free-lance scientist and journalist at various newspapers in Tbilisi. Author of two papers delivered at the International Congress in Byzantine Studies at Moscow University on Aug.12, 1991 on the culture of the Kartveli nation. Author of a paper delivered at the International Congress In Byzantine Studies in 1996 at the Copenhagen University on Peter the Iberian//Kartueli and the Book of Jerotheos( a treatise compiled after the fifth c. It influenced many theories). Author of a paper delivered at the International Congress in Historical studies at the University of Oslo on Aug.8, 2000 on the interpretation of the history of the Kartueli nation on the World Wide Web. Author of a paper delivered at the International Congress in Near Eastern, Oriental and North African Studies at Moscow in 2003 on the Reforms of Akhenathen and relation to the religion at Mitanny. In 2006-2008 attended lectures in cuneiform scripts and ancient Egyptian script and corresponding literatures at the Tbilisi State University, in order to learn, then to evaluate the situation of these studies in Tbiisi and start translating basic necessary material into Kartuli//Georgian from the English language. Delivered a paper at the conference Byzantine studies-2 at Batumi in Sakartuelo in 2007. Now I am a participant of a project on the Study of the Kartuli//Georgian texts concerning Byzantine empire, at the Oriental Institute in Tbilisi, under Prof. Neli Makharadze. I propose to deliver a paper in Paris in Nov. 2009. In 2008 I proposed a report on the echo of the ancient flood story attested at Erekhi//Uruki in the surviving Megruli Kartuli group song and dance called ‘Erekheli” and meaning ‘I am a citizen of Erekhi’. Being surely archaic, this musical piece is much loved and often performed at concerts, public events, birthday parties, weddings, etc. by ethnic Kartuels//Kartu. Another Megruli Kartuli song Nana//Nanaya is also very popular and is surely a dedication to the local traditional goddess Nana//Nanaya. I shall illustrate my paper with the recordings on the CD performed by various groups at various years in Sakartuelo. I have a son- Davit Berdias-dze Popkhadze, born 25 Jan, 1979, graduated from the Tbilisi state University, department of Hydrogeology. He works with an NGO.</FONT> </P><BR>NATELA POPKHADZEhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13568269499155042696noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1993044457595238899.post-81014843077730869472009-09-22T12:46:00.001-07:002009-09-22T12:46:04.427-07:00Ladies and Gentlemen2<div class="Section1"><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">The </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">O</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">pening </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">peech delivered by Mrs. Neli Makharadze. Doctor. Head of the Department of Byzantine Studies of Acad. G. Tsereteli Institute of Oriental Studies. Chair of the Organizing Committee of the III International Conference in Byzantine Studies</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> in Georgia</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">.</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">.</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">Ladies and Gentlemen, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">Dear colleagues, Your Excellency Mr. Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the Hellenic Republic in the Republic of Georgia, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">guests, the attending persons! I greet you and express my gratitude in the name of the Organizing Committee of the </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">III</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> International Conference i</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">n the Byzantine Studies</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> in Georgia, to everyone that responded to our desire to assemble </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">together </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">and interchange views</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> among us</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">. First and foremost I express my deepest gratitude to the Embassy of the Hellenic Republic in the Republic of Georgia, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">especially-</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">personally to His Excellency the Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the Hellenic Republic in </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">the Republic of </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">Georgia Mr. Georgios </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">Chatsimichellakis, for financing our conference and for support; this enabled us to incarnate the desired aim even in our modern situation</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> and circumstan</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">ces. </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">All of you are well aware that the Byzantine studies</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">- a branch of science that investigates the history of the culture and of the social life of those countries that are in permanent contact with Georgia, is the history of our country Georgia at the same time</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">is </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">her past. This was a history of both the friendship and of the feud. It brought </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">many </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">losses but it brought </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">many </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">gains </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">as well</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">.</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> The fact is one, science enhances contacts among countries and peoples, just </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">as much as</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> life does it. Hence </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">there is no place for being estranged </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">and </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">only mutual interests and the tendency to work together and understand each other are important. </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">Apparently few are spheres of science</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> that, like ours, embraces many branches and is multilateral. That is the reason that at the conferences, meetings, phorums held on the Byzantine problems, be it large</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">-</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> or small</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">-scale ones</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">, assemble and unite for talks persons that study and investigate language and literature, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">the Arts, theology-phylosophy, history proper and archaeology, architecture, hymnology, anthropology and other spheres of science. Byzantinology//Byzantine studies encompass everything. </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">We study, investigate the Byzantine sources concerning Georgia, at the same time we study, investigate the Georgian sources concerning Byzantium. The fascination of science is just the fact that whatever made a gap among us in the past, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">it is </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> just that </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">same things </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">that </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">bring</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> us nearer to each other, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">unite</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> us and mak</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> us friends nowadays. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">We witness the third large-scale event in the Byzantine studies held in recent years here</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> in Georgia today</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">. Life has posed such intricate problems before science lately that it is absolutely necessary to </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">act united, to consolidate the scientists’ intellectual powers and to work with the utmost efforts to </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">cope with th</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">ose problems. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">Investigation of the past serves the deeds of the Future. Every nation ought to know what this nation is</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">, from whence it came//</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">what is its history and in this case only it will be able to define properly in what direction it ought to go on its way…</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">Time is incessant. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">Great is the contribution of the former generations that handed us the true witnesses of the past in the form of the praying centers, monasteries, hymns, manuscripts, frescos, inscriptions, religious and national traditional festivities, choreography, suns and moons carved on stone or wood and in the form of the mute gravestones as well.</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">This conference will </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">proceed its work and </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">move after Tbilisi to the town Akhaltsikhe</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">; it is in the indigenous ancient Georgian region called Samtskhe-Javakheti. It has been and will remain the keeper and saver of the Georgian cultural traditions. </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">We are </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">very </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">glad that besides scientists living in Georgia, foreign scientists that have arrived from various countries take part in this Conference.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">Our g</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">reetings</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> to</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">:</font></span></p><ol type="1"><li><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> Mrs. Annegret Plontke</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> Luning from Germany</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">. The Privat-docent at the Antiquities Department of the Fridriech Schiller University at Yena. Expert in Caucasian archaeology</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">;</font></span> </li><li><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> Mrs. Andrea Schmidt-from Belgium</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">. Professor at the Louven University. Studies in Oriental Christianity </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">;</font></span></li><li><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> Mr. Rolf Schrade-from Berlin, Germany</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> works in Georgian Christian culture</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> and is an expert in Svaneti monuments </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">especially </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">;</font></span></li><li><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">Brigitta Schrade is a professor at the Department of Byzantine Studies of the Institute of the Greek and Latin philology, Byzantine Art specialist;</font></span></li><li><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> Mr. Abdo Badwy from Lebanon. He is a </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">P</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">rofessor, Head of the Religious Arts at Saint Esprit de Kasrik University, a painter-iconographer, the investigator of the Syrian traditions and of their link </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">to</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> the Byzantine world, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">-</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">with the Caucasian area especially.</font></span></li><li><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">Mr. Marcus B</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">o</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">gusch from Denmark, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">a</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">P</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">rofessor at the Copenhagen University. </font></span></li><li><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">Mr. Paruyr Muradyan-from Armenia, our colleague. I do not consider him to be </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">entirely </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">a foreigner in a way. He is the Main Specialist of the Oriental Institute of the Armenian Academy of Sciences. </font></span></li><li><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">Mr. Irfan Chagat</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">h</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">ai Al</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">eksishi</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">. He is from Istanbul in Turkey. He is Laz and studies in Tbilisi to learn more.</font></span></li><li><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">Mr. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">Mustafa Shen</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">el and Mr. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">Cem T</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">uysuz</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> are from the Caucasus University in Kars in Turkey</font></span> </li></ol><p style=" margin-left:72pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">I thank you all cordially for coming to Georgia and being with us here. </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:72pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:72pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">And now</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> allow me to give the floor to A</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">cad. Thomas Gamkrelidze. He is the President of the National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Georgia.</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:72pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:72pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">Now I give the floor for greetings to His Excellency the Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenitentionary of the Hellenic Republic in the Republic of Georgia Mr. Georgios Khatzimikhel</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">l</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">ikis</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">.</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:72pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">Now I give the floor to Prof. Rismag Gordeziani. He is the Director of the Institute of Classical Philology, Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies of Iv. Javakhishvili Tbilisi State Univesity.</font></span></p></div><br>NATELA POPKHADZEhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13568269499155042696noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1993044457595238899.post-10099949469777531072009-09-22T05:38:00.001-07:002009-09-22T05:38:09.637-07:00Ladies and Gentlemen2<div class="Section1"><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">The </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">O</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">pening </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">peech delivered by Mrs. Neli Makharadze. Doctor. Head of the Department of Byzantine Studies of Acad. G. Tsereteli Institute of Oriental Studies. Chair of the Organizing Committee of the III International Conference in Byzantine Studies</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> in Georgia</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">.</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">.</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">Ladies and Gentlemen, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">Dear colleagues, Your Excellency Mr. Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the Hellenic Republic in the Republic of Georgia, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">guests, the attending persons! I greet you and express my gratitude in the name of the Organizing Committee of the </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">III</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> International Conference i</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">n the Byzantine Studies</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> in Georgia, to everyone that responded to our desire to assemble </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">together </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">and interchange views</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> among us</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">. First and foremost I express my deepest gratitude to the Embassy of the Hellenic Republic in the Republic of Georgia, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">especially-</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">personally to His Excellency the Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the Hellenic Republic in </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">the Republic of </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">Georgia Mr. Georgios </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">Chatsimichellakis, for financing our conference and for support; this enabled us to incarnate the desired aim even in our modern situation</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> and circumstan</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">ces. </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">All of you are well aware that the Byzantine studies</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">- a branch of science that investigates the history of the culture and of the social life of those countries that are in permanent contact with Georgia, is the history of our country Georgia at the same time</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">is </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">her past. This was a history of both the friendship and of the feud. It brought </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">many </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">losses but it brought </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">many </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">gains </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">as well</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">.</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> The fact is one, science enhances contacts among countries and peoples, just </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">as much as</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> life does it. Hence </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">there is no place for being estranged </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">and </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">only mutual interests and the tendency to work together and understand each other are important. </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">Apparently few are spheres of science</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> that, like ours, embraces many branches and is multilateral. That is the reason that at the conferences, meetings, phorums held on the Byzantine problems, be it large</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">-</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> or small</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">-scale ones</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">, assemble and unite for talks persons that study and investigate language and literature, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">the Arts, theology-phylosophy, history proper and archaeology, architecture, hymnology, anthropology and other spheres of science. Byzantinology//Byzantine studies encompass everything. </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">We study, investigate the Byzantine sources concerning Georgia, at the same time we study, investigate the Georgian sources concerning Byzantium. The fascination of science is just the fact that whatever made a gap among us in the past, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">it is </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> just that </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">same things </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">that </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">bring</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> us nearer to each other, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">unite</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> us and mak</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> us friends nowadays. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">We witness the third large-scale event in the Byzantine studies held in recent years here</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> in Georgia today</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">. Life has posed such intricate problems before science lately that it is absolutely necessary to </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">act united, to consolidate the scientists’ intellectual powers and to work with the utmost efforts to </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">cope with th</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">ose problems. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">Investigation of the past serves the deeds of the Future. Every nation ought to know what this nation is</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">, from whence it came//</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">what is its history and in this case only it will be able to define properly in what direction it ought to go on its way…</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">Time is incessant. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">Great is the contribution of the former generations that handed us the true witnesses of the past in the form of the praying centers, monasteries, hymns, manuscripts, frescos, inscriptions, religious and national traditional festivities, choreography, suns and moons carved on stone or wood and in the form of the mute gravestones as well.</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">This conference will </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">proceed its work and </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">move after Tbilisi to the town Akhaltsikhe</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">; it is in the indigenous ancient Georgian region called Samtskhe-Javakheti. It has been and will remain the keeper and saver of the Georgian cultural traditions. </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">We are </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">very </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">glad that besides scientists living in Georgia, foreign scientists that have arrived from various countries take part in this Conference.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">Our g</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">reetings</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> to</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">:</font></span></p><ol type="1"><li><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> Mrs. Annegret Plontke</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> Luning from Germany</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">;</font></span> </li><li><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> Mrs. Andrea Schmidt-from Belgium;</font></span></li><li><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> Mr. Rolf Schrade-from Berlin, Germany;</font></span></li><li><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> Mr. Abdo Badwy from Lebanon. He is a </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">P</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">rofessor, Head of the Religious Arts at Saint Esprit de Kasrik University, a painter-iconographer, the investigator of the Syrian traditions and of their link </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">to</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> the Byzantine world, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">-</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">with the Caucasian area especially.</font></span></li><li><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">Mr. Marcus B</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">o</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">gusch from Denmark, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">a</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">P</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">rofessor at the Copenhagen University. </font></span></li><li><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">Mr. Paruyr Muradyan-from Armenia, our colleague. I do not consider him to be </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">entirely </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">a foreigner in a way. He is the Main Specialist of the Oriental Institute of the Armenian Academy of Sciences. </font></span></li><li><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">Mr. Irfan Chagat</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">h</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">ai Al</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">eksishi</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">. He is from Istanbul in Turkey. He is Laz and studies in Tbilisi to learn more.</font></span></li><li><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">Mr. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">Mustafa Shen</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">el and Mr. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">Cem T</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">uysuz</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> are from the Caucasus University in Kars in Turkey</font></span> </li></ol><p style=" margin-left:72pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">I thank you all cordially for coming to Georgia and being with us here. </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:72pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:72pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">And now</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> allow me to give the floor to A</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">cad. Thomas Gamkrelidze. He is the President of the National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Georgia.</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:72pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:72pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">Now I give the floor for greetings to His Excellency the Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenitentionary of the Hellenic Republic in the Republic of Georgia Mr. Georgios Khatzimikhel</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">l</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">ikis</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">.</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:72pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">Now I give the floor to Prof. Rismag Gordeziani. He is the Director of the Institute of Classical Philology, Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies of Iv. Javakhishvili Tbilisi State Univesity.</font></span></p></div><br>NATELA POPKHADZEhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13568269499155042696noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1993044457595238899.post-38132852361141989512009-09-19T20:29:00.001-07:002009-09-19T20:29:00.621-07:00История нас учит и предостерегает<div class="Section1"><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><font size="5">История</font></b></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><font size="5">нас</font></b></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><font size="5">учит</font></b></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><font size="5"> и </font></b></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><font size="5">предостерегает</font></b></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3">На</font></i></b></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3">днях</font></i></b></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3">грузинские</font></i></b></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3"> СМИ </font></i></b></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3">оповестили</font></i></b></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3">нашу</font></i></b></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3">общественность</font></i></b></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3">, </font></i></b></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3">что</font></i></b></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3">президент</font></i></b></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3">Армении</font></i></b></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3">Серж</font></i></b></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3">Саргсян</font></i></b></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3">обратился</font></i></b></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3"> к </font></i></b></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3">правительству</font></i></b></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3">Грузии</font></i></b></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3"> с </font></i></b></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3">предложением</font></i></b></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3">осуществления</font></i></b></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3">ряда</font></i></b></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3">мероприятий</font></i></b></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3">, </font></i></b></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3">которые</font></i></b></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3">, </font></i></b></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3">по</font></i></b></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3">его</font></i></b></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3">мнению</font></i></b></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3">, </font></i></b></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3">будут</font></i></b></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3">содействовать</font></i></b></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3">упрочению</font></i></b></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3">дружбы</font></i></b></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3"> и </font></i></b></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3">обоюдному</font></i></b></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3">доверию</font></i></b></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3">наших</font></i></b></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3">народов</font></i></b></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3">.</font></i></b></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3">Не</font></i></b></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3">может</font></i></b></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3">быть</font></i></b></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3">никакого</font></i></b></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3">сомнения</font></i></b></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3"> в </font></i></b></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3">абсолютной</font></i></b></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3">правильности</font></i></b></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3">этой</font></i></b></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3">цели</font></i></b></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3">, </font></i></b></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3">её</font></i></b></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3">благородстве</font></i></b></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3"> и </font></i></b></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3">достоинстве</font></i></b></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3">. </font></i></b></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><br><img src="http://docs.google.com/File?id=dcqgntdg_99hmcqxbc3_b" width="150" height="198" alt="http://www.svobodnaya-gruzia.com/../../_i/55-56/lomouri.jpg" border="0"></img><br><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Вряд</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">ли</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">можно</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">найти</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">среди</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">здравомыслящей</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">части</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> и </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">грузинского</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> и </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">армянского</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">народов</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">людей</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">не</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">поддерживающих</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">стремление</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">господина</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">президента</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Армении</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">.</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Предложения</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">господина</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">С.Саргсяна</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">весьма</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">приемлемы</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> и </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">лично</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">для</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">меня</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">поскольку</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">моя</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">бабушка</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">по</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">отцовской</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">линии</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> (</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">супруга</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">грузинского</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">писателя</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Нико</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Ломоури</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">) </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">была</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">армянкой</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">по</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">фамилии</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Худадова</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Представители</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">этой</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">фамилии</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">известны</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> в </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Тбилиси</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">где</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">есть</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">улица</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">имени</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">брата</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">моей</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">бабушки</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> – </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Николая</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Худадова</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">основанная</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">им</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">фтизиатрическая</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">клиника</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">окруженная</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">т.н</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. «</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Худадовским</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">лесом</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">». </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">С </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">потомками</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">этого</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Худадова</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> я </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">по</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">сей</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">день</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">поддерживаю</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">родственные</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">отношения</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Так</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">что</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> я </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">полностью</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">поддерживаю</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">стремление</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">господина</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">президента</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">не</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">только</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">как</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> «</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">здравомыслящий</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">грузин</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">».</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Каковы</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">же</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">конкретные</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">предложения</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, с </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">которыми</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">господин</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">С.Саргсян</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">обращается</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> к </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">грузинскому</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">правительству</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">?</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">По</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">его</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">мнению</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">это</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">: </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">1. </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Предоставление</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">армянскому</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">языку</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">регионального</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">статуса</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">2.Регистрация </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Патриархии</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Армянской</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Апостольской</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Церкви</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. 3.Защита </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">армянских</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">памятников</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> в </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Грузии</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">.</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">И </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">вот</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">тут</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">возникают</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">определенные</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">затруднения</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">всплывают</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">проблемы</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">решение</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">которых</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">не</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">так-то</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">просто</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, а в </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">некоторых</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">случаях</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">даже</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">невозможно</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">.</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Что</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">касается</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">регистрации</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Патриархии</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Армянской</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Церкви</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, я </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">считаю</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">что</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">это</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">предложение</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">вполне</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">закономерно</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Конечно</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">проживающие</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> в </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Грузии</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">армяне</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">так</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">же</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">как</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> и </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">представители</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">других</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">национальностей</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">имеют</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">полное</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">право</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">свободного</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">вероисповедания</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">неприкосновенности</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">их</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Церкви</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">уважения</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> к </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">ней</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> и </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">её</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">собственного</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">управления</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Я </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">просто</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">не</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> в </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">курсе</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">как</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">надо</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">осуществить</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">регистрацию</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Патриархии</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Армянской</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Апостольской</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Церкви</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Думаю</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">что</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> в </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">это</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">дело</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">необходимо</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">включить</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> и </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Грузинскую</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Патриархию</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> и </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">найти</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> и </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">соответствующие</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">правовые</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> и </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">церковные</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">законы</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">осуществления</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">этого</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">предложения</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">.</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Другое</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">предложение</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">господина</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">президента</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">относительно</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">защиты</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">армянских</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">памятников</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> в </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Грузии</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">также</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">совершенно</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">приемлемо</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> и, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">вроде</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">бы</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">не</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">вызывает</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">сомнений</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Более</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">того</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, я </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">несколько</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">удивлен</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">тем</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">что</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">это</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">предложение</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">вообще</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">фигурирует</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> в </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">обращении</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">господина</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">С.Саргсяна</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. О </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">каких</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">армянских</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">памятниках</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">нуждающихся</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> в </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">защите</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">идет</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">речь</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">?</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Не</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">представляю</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">себе</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">чтобы</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">эта</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">проблема</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">вообще</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">имелась</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> в </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Грузии</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Если</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">реально</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">существует</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">необходимость</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">защиты</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">какого-либо</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">армянского</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">памятника</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">этот</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">вопрос</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">конечно</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">же</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">следует</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">незамедлительно</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">решить</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Я </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">знаю</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">единственный</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">случай</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">когда</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> в 30-х </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">годах</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">прошлого</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">века</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">было</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">упразднено</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Ходжеванское</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">кладбище</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> и </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">соименная</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">армянская</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">церковь</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> в </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Тбилиси</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">при</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">реконструкции</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">города</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">но</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">ответственность</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">за</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">тогдашние</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">деяния</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">сегодня</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">вряд</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">ли</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">можно</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">на</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">кого-либо</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">возлагать</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Но</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">!.</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Вот</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">здесь</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">мы</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">сталкиваемся</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> с </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">весьма</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">сложным</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> и </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">малоприятным</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">вопросом</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">: </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">что</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">подразумевается</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">под</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> «</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">армянскими</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">памятниками</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">»? </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Кто</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">решает</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">данный</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">конкретный</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">памятник</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">армянский</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">или</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">грузинский</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Так</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">например</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">мне</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">хотелось</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">бы</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">спросить</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> у </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">уважаемого</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">С.Саргсяна</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">кому</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">принадлежат</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Крестовый</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">монастырь</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> у </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Мцхета</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> («</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Джвари</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">»), </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">или</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">церковь</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Сиони</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> в </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">селе</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Атени</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">?</font></span> </p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Ведь</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">довольно</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">известные</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">армянские</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">ученые</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> (</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">не</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">хочу</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">сегодня</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">называть</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">их</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">фамилии</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">) </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">совершенно</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">необоснованно</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">объявили</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">их</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">армянскими</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">архитектурными</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">памятниками</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">! </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Или</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Кафедральный</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">собор</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> в с. </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Кумурдо</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">расположенный</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> в 12 </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">км</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">юго-западнее</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Ахалкалаки</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">… </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Чьим</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">памятником</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">он</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">является</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">?</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Много</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">лет</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">тому</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">назад</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">когда</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> я </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">участвовал</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> в </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">туристической</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">поездке</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> в </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Джавахети</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> и в </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Кумурдо</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, у </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">нас</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">произошла</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">довольно</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">неприятная</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">стычка</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> с </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">местным</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">армянским</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">населением</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">представители</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">которого</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">утверждали</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">что</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">это</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> - </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">армянская</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">церковь</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, и </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">сохранившиеся</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">на</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">ней</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">надписи</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> – </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">армянские</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">! </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">А </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">когда</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">мы</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">прочли</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">эти</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">древнегрузинские</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">надписи</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">по-грузински</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">от</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">агрессивности</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">этих</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">армянских</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">друзей</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">нас</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">пришлось</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">спасать</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">милиции</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">.</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> Я </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">привел</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">эти</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">конкретные</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">примеры</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, а </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">то</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">ведь</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">стремление</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">армянских</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">ученых</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> и </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">поддерживающих</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">их</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">некоторых</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">лжеспециалистов</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> (</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">таких</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">как</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">например</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, Н. </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Токарский</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">) </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">объявить</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">подавляющее</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">большинство</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">несомненно</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">грузинских</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">памятников</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Южной</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Грузии</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> (</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">бывшее</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Тао-Кларджети</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">), </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">таких</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">как</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Ошки</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Хахули</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Тбети</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> и </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">другие</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">армянскими</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">общеизвестно</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">!</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Таким</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">образом</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">призываю</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> к </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">дружбе</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> и </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">укреплению</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">доверия</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">между</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">нашими</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">народами</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">уважаемый</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">господин</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">президент</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">предварительно</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">направить</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">на</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">путь</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">истинный</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">ваших</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">ученых</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> и </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">запретить</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">им</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">посягать</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">на</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">наши</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">исторические</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">области</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">такие</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">как</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Тао-Кларджети</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> и </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Джавахети</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">на</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">расположенные</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">здесь</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">памятники</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">на</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">объявление</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">армянскими</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">царского</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">рода</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Багратионов</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">фамилии</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Бакурианисдзе</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">или</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">даже</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Шота</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Руставели</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">.</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">И </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">вот</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">мы</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">подошли</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> к </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">самой</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">сложной</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> и </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">острой</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">теме</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> – о </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">предоставлении</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">армянскому</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">языку</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">регионального</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">статуса</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Тут</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">уж</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">конечно</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">же</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">ни</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> я, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">ни</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">любой</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">здравомыслящий</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">грузин</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">не</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">может</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">согласиться</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> с </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">господином</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">С.Саргсяном</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Мы</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">понимаем</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">что</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">речь</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">идет</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> о </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">такой</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">области</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Грузии</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">какой</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">является</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Ахалцихе</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> – </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Ахалкалакский</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">регион</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> (</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">древняя</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Джавахети</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">), </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">где</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">большинство</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">населения</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">сегодня</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> - </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">армянское</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Но</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">помилуй</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Бог</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">на</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">каком</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">основании</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">нужно</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">вопреки</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Конституции</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Грузии</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">вводить</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> в </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">этой</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">исконной</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">грузинской</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">области</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">региональный</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">армянский</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">язык</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">.</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> В </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">свое</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">время</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">когда</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> 180 </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">лет</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">тому</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">назад</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">русский</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">генерал</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Паскевич</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">переселил</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">сюда</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">около</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> 30 </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">тысяч</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">армян</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">из</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Турции</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">где</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">они</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">подвергались</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">гонениям</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> и </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">погромам</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">они</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">не</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">сочли</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">нужным</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">освоить</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">язык</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">религию</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">обычаи</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">страны</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">их</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">приютившей</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">А </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">теперь</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">воспользовавшись</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">тем</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">что</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Россия</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">осуществила</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">агрессию</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">против</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">нашего</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">государства</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> и </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">оккупировала</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">наши</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">исконные</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">земли</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">вы</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">хотите</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">способствовать</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">утверждению</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">сепаратизма</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">еще</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> в </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">одной</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">нашей</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">области</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">?!</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Я </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">хочу</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">напомнить</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">вам</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">господин</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">президент</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">что</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">за</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">последние</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">столетия</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Грузия</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">никогда</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">не</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">проявляла</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">агрессии</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">по</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">отношению</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> к </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Армении</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, а </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">вот</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Армения</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">не</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">гнушалась</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">подобными</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">действиями</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Вспомним</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> 1918 </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">г.,</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">когда</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">независимой</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Грузинской</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Республике</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">пришлось</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">отстаивать</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">свои</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">границы</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">от</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">посягательств</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">не</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">только</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> в </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Джавахети</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">но</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">даже</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> в </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Тбилиси</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> и </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Гори</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">! </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Есть</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, к </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">сожалению</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">много</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">чего</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">неприятного</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">вспомнить</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> и </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">от</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">некоторых</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">проживающих</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">на</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">нашей</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">территории</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">армян</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Взять</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">хотя</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">бы</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, к </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">примеру</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">действия</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">батальона</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Баграмяна</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> в </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Абхазии</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> в 1992-1993 </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">годах</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">.</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Я </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">хочу</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">чтобы</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">меня</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">правильно</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">поняли</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">: </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">напоминая</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> о </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">прошлых</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">действиях</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> - и </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">армянских</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">ученых</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, и </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">общественности</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, и </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">правительства</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> - я </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">отнюдь</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">не</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">призываю</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> к </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">мести</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">или</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">адекватным</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">действиям</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> с </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">нашей</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">стороны</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">но</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">история</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">учит</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> и </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">предостерегает</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">А </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">подобное</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">предостережение</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">для</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">нас</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">весьма</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">актуально</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">поскольку</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">мы</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">имеем</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">подобный</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">пример</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> в </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">лице</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">осетин</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">на</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">нашей</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">земле</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">.</font></span> </p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">В </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">свое</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">время</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">осетины</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, «</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">гонимые</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">малоземельем</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> и </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">нищетой</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">» (</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">эти</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">слова</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">известного</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">осетинского</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">ученого</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> А. </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Абаева</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">), </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">переселившиеся</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">из</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">высокогорных</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">районов</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Северного</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Кавказа</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> в </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">верховья</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">грузинских</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">рек</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">сегодня</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">объявляют</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">себя</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">хозяевами</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">этой</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">древнегрузинской</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">земли</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> – </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Шида</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Картли</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Мы</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">конечно</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">глубоко</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">благодарны</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">руководству</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Армении</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> и </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">лично</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">господину</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">президенту</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">за</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">их</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">принципиальную</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">поддержку</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">единства</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">нашего</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">государства</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">но</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">теперь</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">появилась</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">опасность</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">что</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">взамен</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">может</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">возникнуть</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">требование</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">автономии</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Джавахети</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. А </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">мы</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">никак</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">не</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">можем</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">согласиться</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> с </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">тем</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">что</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">если</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">не</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">сегодня</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">так</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">завтра</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">или</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">послезавтра</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> и </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">наша</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Джавахети</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">вдруг</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">будет</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">объявлена</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">независимой</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Та</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">же</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">история</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">нас</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">предостерегает</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">что</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">такое</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">может</font></span> <span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">случиться</font></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">!</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3">Нодар</font></i></b></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><i><font size="3"> ЛОМОУРИ</font></i></b></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><a href="http://www.svobodnaya-gruzia.com/miscell/"><span style="color:#0000ff; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><u><font size="3">« </font></u></span><span style="color:#0000ff; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><u><font size="3">вернуться</font></u></span><span style="color:#0000ff; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><u><font size="3"> к </font></u></span><span style="color:#0000ff; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><u><font size="3">списку</font></u></span> <span style="color:#0000ff; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><u><font size="3">статей</font></u></span></a><span style="color:#000000; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">.</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p></div><br>NATELA POPKHADZEhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13568269499155042696noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1993044457595238899.post-92048489969954321732009-09-19T04:39:00.001-07:002009-09-19T04:39:09.961-07:00N.Popkhaze2<div class="Section1"><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">naTela fofxaZe (</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">Tbilisi</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">)</font></i></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:center"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="4">ori cnoba iberoxalibebis</font></b></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="4">(ibero</font></b></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="4">n</font></b></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="4">xalib</font></b></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="4">id</font></b></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="4">es) d</font></b></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="4">a absilebis</font></b></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="4">(absilai) Sesaxeb el</font></b></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="4">inurenovani teqstebidan</font></b></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">am werilis mizania Sua saukuneebSi moxseniebuli iberebis, xalibebis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, absilebis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vinaobisa da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gansaxlebis Sesaxeb qarTulad gamoqveynebuli cnobebis Sevseba, dazusteba, SedarebiT srulyofilad warmoCena, vidre aqamde xdeboda. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">c</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">xadia, rom </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">amisaTvis sakmarisi ar aris </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mxolod </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Sua saukuneebSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mcxovrebi avtorebis monacemebis ganxilva, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">radgan zemoxsenebuli samxareo da samefoTa saxelwodebani jer kidev </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Zv.w. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mesame aTaswleulSi aRibeWdnen liTonze, qvaze, Tixaze, xeze. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aucilebelia </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">emegir//</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">lursmnuli damwerlobiT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Seqmnili mdidari literaturis gaTvaliswineba.</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">axlaxans</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> elinurad naweri Zveli teqstebis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">fragmentebis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> krebulis kiTxvisas yuradReba mivapyari </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">elini avtoris </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">cnobas </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">axali welTaRricxviT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">216-ian wlebSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">iberoxalibebis</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ZirZvelobaze da vrclad </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gansaxlebaze mdinare </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">hifanis//</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">hu</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">fanis</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mTels auzSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">c</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, rac amJamad mdinare dneprisa da misi Crdilouri Senakadis-m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">dinare bugis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> auzebs Seesabameba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <a name="_ftnref1"></a><a href="#_ftn1">[1]</a> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iberoxalibebis qarTveloba ueWvelia. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mave mxareSi mosaxleoba </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">uSualod,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> pirdapir</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> “georgebad” </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">anu,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> aRiarebuli SexedulebiT, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTvelebad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ixseniebian manamdec-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">pirvel saukuneSi strabo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">n</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is geografi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aSi, rac rukazea asaxuli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">strabonis geografiis mesame tomis bolos Tanmxleb rukaze</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span><a name="_ftnref2"></a><a href="#_ftn2">[2]</a> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">trabonma mdinare </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">hufanis(</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">hifanis</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">)</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">//dnepris</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mTels auzSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">pirvel saukuneSi arsebuli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mosaxleoba georgebis</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(qarTvelebis) saxelwodebiT moixsenia. es cnoba qarTulenovan krebulebSi aqamde aravis uxsenebia. misi gaTvaliswineba CrdiloeT saqarTvelos miwa-wyalze msjelob</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">isas, momavalSi aucilebelia. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">georgeb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sacxovrebeli mxare mdinare </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">hufanis//hifanis//dnepris</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> auzidan </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">odnav aRmosavleTiT mdebare kriumetoponi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">amJamindeli </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Крым</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">yirimi, Zveli saxelwodebiT cnobilia naxevarkunZul </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">“</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">“</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aiaia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d) mosaxleobad aRiarebs stra</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">boni</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">kuTxe </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">frederik diubuam rukebisa da suraTebis atlasSi aRbeWda 1845 </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">wels</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> parizSi.</font></span><a name="_ftnref3"></a><a href="#_ftn3">[3]</a> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iberieli xalibebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> moixsenieb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ian</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">hu</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">fanispireTSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">c</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">//</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">dneprispireT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Sic</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">elinur enaze 1914 </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">wels</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qalaq </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Stu</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">t</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gartSi dabeWdil </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">elinurenovani cnobebis fragmentebis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">krebulSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">c da momdevno xanis publikaciebSic</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span><a name="_ftnref4"></a><a href="#_ftn4">[4]</a> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">am sayuradRebo cnobis arsebobaze qarTulenovan </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gamokvlevebSi veraferi moviZie.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> savaraudoa, rom is ver moxvda qarTulenovan publikaciebSi imi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s gamo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, rom </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">xsenebuli</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> elinuri teqsti rusulad ar </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Targmnes da ar </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">dabeWdes, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gamotoves, radgan asaxavs iberoxalibTa// qarT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vel</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Ta ZirZvelobas hifanispireTSic anu dneprispireTSic. iqauri arqeologiuri monapovrebi aucileblad i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">RaRadeben maT Semqmnelebze-iberoxalibebze</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> anu qarTuelebze. </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aqve </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">unda </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vaxsen</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">oT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> pirvel saukuneSi moRvawe romaeli didmoxelis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-pomponius melas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mier Sedgenil geografiul aRweraSi qarTvelTa ZirZvelobis aRniSnva CrdiloeT kaspiispireTSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">c</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">leningradel</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ma</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mkvlevar</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ma</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> lev elnicki</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">p. melas </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">es cnoba uaryo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, rogorc mcdari da usafuZvlo, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">radgan, misi azriT, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTvelebi im mxareSi sxva wyaroeb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ar ixseniebian</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span><a name="_ftnref5"></a><a href="#_ftn5">[5]</a> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">laparakia navTobiT mdidar kaspiispira mxareze, romelic amJamad ruseTis federaciuli respublikis SemadgenlobaSia CarTuli.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> pomponius mela</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qveyana-romis saxelmwifo-qarTebs mtrobda, eomeboda da qarTebis p. melas mier miker</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ZoebiT gandideba warmoudgenelia, piriqiT, damcroba ki </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">_ mosalodneli</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> simarTles arafrad agdebda leningradeli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">profesori </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">l</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ev</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> elnicki. manve </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">miCqmala </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">pliniusis mier Sedgenil geografiul aRweraSi garkveviT asaxuli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">“</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">absua</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mxaris</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> arseboba </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(mdinare “ra”-s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> anu amJamindeli saxelwodebiT, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mdinare </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">volgis SesarTavSi kaspiis tbasTan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">//”zRvasTan”</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">) sxvadasxva </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">wels</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gamoqveyn</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">bul </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">statiaSi da wignSi.</font></span><a name="_ftnref6"></a><a href="#_ftn6">[6]</a> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mave mxareSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, sadac pliniusma </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mxare “</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">absoa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gakvriT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">axsena,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">misma megobarma </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">romaelma didmoxelem</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> pomponius melam</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mosaxleoba </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aRbeWda</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> “iberi” saxelwodebiT. es uflebas </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aZlevs CrdiloeT kaspiis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">pireTi pirvel saukuneSi iberebiT anu qarT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">velebiT dasaxlebulad miviCnio</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da kaspiispira mcire kuTxe “absua”-c qarTvelebis mxared, CrdiloeT saqarTvelod vaRiaro</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">strabonmac, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">p</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">liniusmac, melamac kavkasionis qedis CrdiloeTiT mdebare vrceli midamoc georgebis, kolxebis anu qarTvelebis imJamindel miwa-wylad moixsenies wignebSi. </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">“</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">absu</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”//”afsu”</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> aris lursmnuli damwerlobiT aRbeWdili teqstebiT cnobili qardus// qarduniaSis samefos damaarsebeli qarTi eris erovnuli RvTaeba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> _</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> en</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">//anqis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> sacxovrebeli geografiuli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">kuTxi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s saxelwodeba. ZvelTaZveli Tqmulebis Tanaxmad, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> swored absuSi cxovrobda</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mdinare puranunus okean</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sTan SesarTavTan mdebare lerwmisa da lelis mcenareebiT moculi Waobis siRrmeSi-wyalSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Cadgmul SenobaSi;</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> erTdroulad miwis RvTaebac iyo da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">miwisqveSa mtknari </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">w</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">yl</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> _ </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> okeanis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">meufec.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">nqis sacxovrebeli mxare “absu” iyo</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">naxevar</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">kunZul aiaias</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(SemdgomSi ‘kriumetopon</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">’</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> maxloblad.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mimdebare tabaebiT//tbebiT mdidar mxare “taban”-Si </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">moedineba didi mdinare, romelsac qarTvelTaTvis sanukvari saxeli “aia” amJamadac </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">SerCa</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(ix</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> amJamindeli rukebi). </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(is mxare “taban” da ara “taman” sityviT moixsenia Tavis wignSi erekle meoris Tanamedrove ucxoelma kacma, gvarad giuldenStedtma. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is germanulenovani </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">cnoba saTanadod aRbeWda giuldenStedtis mogzaurobis qarTul en</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aze</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Targm</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">nelma </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">g</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. gelaSvilma</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. am cnobaze sazogadoebis yuradReba ramdenjerme gaamaxvila zurab ratianma Tavis wignebSic, moxsenebebSic, statiebSic</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, radioTi gamosvlebSic</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">dinare aia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s SesarTavSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">kolxebis// </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">lazebis zRvasTan mdebareobda da mdebareobs qalaqi “aia”. qarTuli, aseve, elinurenovani Zveli gadmocemebiT, qarTvelTa did mefes aiets Tavisi vrceli samSoblos dedaqalaqi, saxelad, “aia” hqonda </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">zemoxsenebul </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aiaias </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">naxevar</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">kunZulzec, sadac SemdgomSi miTradaTa didad wodebul</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mef</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is mxedarTmTavarma</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aRadgina</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qalaqi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> kolxebis im mefis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> p</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ativsacemad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> “evpatoria” uwoda. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s saxelwodeba amJamadac SerCa. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qve iyo Zvelad qalaqebi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">“</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">dia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">“</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">quTaia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">naxevar</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">kunZuli aiaia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> amJamad </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">“krim”-ad//</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">“yirim”-ad </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">wodeb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">uli,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> nikita xruSCovis zeobisas ssrk-is xelisuflad, misi mondomebiT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> miekuTvna </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ukrainis respublikas, romlis saxelwodeba </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">arcTu didi xnis win </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iyo </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">“</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Малая</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Россия</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">“</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Окрайна</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">России</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">” anu </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">“</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ganapira mxare</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">“</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">okraina</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> sityvis cvlileba </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">“</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ukraina</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d mis arss ver cvlis. </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTul</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">teqstebSi</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Sua</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saukuneebSi</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gakvriT</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ixsenieba</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">geografiuli</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">kuTxe</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> “</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">abSileTi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">romelsac</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">elinurenovan</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">teqstebSi</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">miesadageba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> “</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">absilia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”; </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ixsenie</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ba</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">kolxeTis</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">zRvis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">meore</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saxeliT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, “</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">didi</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">zRvis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Sua</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saukuneebis</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">italiurenovan</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">rukebzea</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> “</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mare</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">majore</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”) </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aRmosavleT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sanapiros</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">erT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">erT</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">cicqna</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">kuTxeSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">SesaZleblad</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mimaCnia</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">misi</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">dakavSireba</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saqmianobis</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> -</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">miwaTmoqmedebis</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aRmniS</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">n</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vel</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sityv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">asTan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> “</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">absin</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">lursmnuli</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">damwerlobiT</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aRbeWdilia</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Zveli</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qardunias</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">samefos</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">arsebobis</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Jamindel</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">leqsikonebSi</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">da</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">teqstebSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">; </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">miviCnev</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> “</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">miwaTmoqmed</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ebis</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gamomgonebel</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eris</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">” </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">anu</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> “</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">margalis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, “</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">georgis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Sesatyvisad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eores</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mxriv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sityva</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> “</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">absu</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sayovelTaod</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aRiarebulia</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTvelTa</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">erovnuli</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">RvTaeba</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">en</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qis</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sacxovrebel</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">geografiul</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">adgil</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">“</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">absu</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">–</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saxelwodebad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">;</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTvelTa</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">miwa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">wyalis</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ramdenime</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mxareSi</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mdebareobda</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">: </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">CrdiloeT</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">kaspiispireTSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mdinare</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">puranunus</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">romelsac</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">SemdgomSi</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ewoda</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">evfrati</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">)</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">SesarTavSi</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">okeanesTan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">lazebis</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">zRvis</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">CrdiloeT</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sanapirosTan</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">XVI</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saukuneSi</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Sedgenil</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">rukaze</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">romlis</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">avtoria</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sando</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">cnobili</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">rukaTmxazveli</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">nton</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">jenkinsi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span><a name="_ftnref7"></a><a href="#_ftn7">[7]</a> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">“</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">lazebis</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">zRvas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">” </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">oriod</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saukunis</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">winaT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> “</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">l</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">” </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">CamoaSores</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">albaT</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">artiklad</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">miiCnies</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">da</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">daumkvidres</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Secvlili</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saxelwodeba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">- </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">“</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mare</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">di</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">zoi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">“</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">zov</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sii</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”//</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Азовское море</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">// </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">azovis</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">zRva</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">“</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">lazebis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">” </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">zRvis</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">nacvlad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">). </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Cemamde</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">didi</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">xni</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">adre</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mkvlevarma</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">f</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ilip</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">bru</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">u</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">nma</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">SeamCnia</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">da</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> 1876 </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">wels</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tavis</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">frangulenovan</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">wignSi</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gamoaqveyna</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span><a name="_ftnref8"></a><a href="#_ftn8">[8]</a> </p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">“</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarduniaS</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">” </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saxeliT</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sayovelTaod</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">cnobil</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sam</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">efoSi</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Zv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">w</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">me</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ame</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aTaswleulSi</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">misma</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mef</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">em</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aago</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">taZari</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saxelad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, “</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">absu</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iq</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ZirZveli</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">samxreT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saqarTveloa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">amJamad</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mxare</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">erayis</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">respublikis</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">nawilia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">zemoTxsenebuli</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">da</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">kidev</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">meti</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sxva</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">monacemebis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">romelTa</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aq</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">CamoTvla</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Sors</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">wagviyvanda</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gaTvaliswinebiT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">umarTebulod</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mimaCnia</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">cneba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> “</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">absu</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">warmodgena</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">XIX</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saukuneSi</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">k</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">rozenisa</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">da</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">msgavsi</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">moxetiale</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">pirebis</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mier</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">yalbi</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">varaudebiT</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Sekowiwebul</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">romelime</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">araqarTveli</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">erovnebis</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saxelwodebad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTvel</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mefeebs</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">azrad</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ar</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mosvliaT</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">absuas</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">cneb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">abxaz</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tan</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gaigiveba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">simarTle</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ase</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tu</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ise</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aRsdga</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saqarTvelos</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">respublikis</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mTavrobisa</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">da</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">pavle</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ingoroy</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vas</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ZalisxmeviT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> 1943 </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">wlidan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> 1957</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">wlamde</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gamoqveynebuli</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">publikaciebiT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">maT</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Soris</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">rukebiT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">cneba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> “</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">afxazis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">” </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">raobaze</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gansakuTrebiT</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sayuradReboa</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saqarTvelos</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">komunisturi</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">partiis</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">centraluri</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">komitetis</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">arqivSi</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Cems</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mier</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mikvleuli</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">akaki</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mgelaZis</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">werili</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ssrk</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">xelisufal</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ioseb</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">stalinisadmi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">( </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">juRaSvilisadmi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">) </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTveli</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">afxazebis</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">kolebis</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gaqarTulebis</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sikeTeze</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">w</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">erili</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ramdenjerm</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gamov</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aqveyne</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gazeTebSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">elinur teqstSi ibero-xalibebis anu iber</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ieli xalibebis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">/</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">/</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iverieli xalibebis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">moxseniebas erTaderT mkvidr mosaxleobad dneprisa da misi Senakadis -bugis auzebSi( Zveli saxelwodebiT, mdinare h</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">u</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">fanis auzSi) mesame saukuneSi, yuradReba miapyres </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">merik</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">elma mkvlevarebma</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">c</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">1990-ian wlebSi da gamoaqveynes internetiT; dagegmili aqvT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> evropis komisiis mier jer kidev 1995 wels ga</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mocxadebuli konkursis farglebSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> evropis mosaxleobis eTniuri istoriis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> kvlevis Sedegebis wignad gamoqveynebac; </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">g</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">an</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">xil</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">es</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> lursmnuli, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">elinuri, romauli damwerlobiT moRweuli gamoqveynebuli didZali masala. im </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">proeqts momavalSi mimovixilav</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">u</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">elTa saxelmwifos amJamindel </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">arc qarTul, arc ucxoenovan oficialur </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saxelwodebaSi arc </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iberia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, arc xalibi ar aris gamokveTili. albaT, amitom moxda, rom a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">merik</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">elma mecnierebma </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">dneprispirel ibero-xalibebze moridebuli varaudi g</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">amoaqveynes </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ma</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">SesaZlo </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">espanelobaze.</font></span><a name="_ftnref9"></a><a href="#_ftn9">[9]</a> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">v</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ityvi, rom amas ewinaaRmdegeba imave dneprispireTSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mana</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">de </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(I saukuneSi) elinur da romaul teqstebSi</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">–</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aRwerebSi mosaxleobis “georgoi” saxelwodebiT moxsenieba, rac ueWvelad amtkicebs xsenebuli ibero-xalibebis qarTvelobas//georgielobas.</font></span><a name="_ftnref10"></a><a href="#_ftn10">[10]</a> </p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">naTela b. fofxaZe</font></i></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="3"> </font></b></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:center"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="4">ori cnoba berZnuli wyarodan da maTi interpretacia(ibero-xalibebi, afsilebi)</font></b></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:center"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="3"> </font></b></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="3"> </font></b></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mokle Sinaarsi</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> saerTaSoriso sazogadoebis-‘evropis komisia’-TaosnobiTa da mxardaWeriT 1999 wels Seiqmna da internetiT inglisur enaze gamoqveynda gamokvleva ‘</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">evropaSi mdebare yofili sabWoTa respublikebi</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">’. saqarTvelos, azerbaijanis,ukrainis, armeniis Sesaxeb masala momzadda TviT respublikebSi, bolos gaerTianda da gamosaqveyneblad momzadda erevanSi. yvela respublikis masala iwyeboda istoriis mimoxilviT da eyrdnoboda berZnuli da laTinurenovani wyaroebis interpretacias. masala gviCvenes 1999 wels TbilisSi mimdinare saerTaSoriso konferenciis-,,telematika kavkasiaSi” monawileebs. iqve gamoiTqva sayveduri saistorio nawilis Semdgenlebis mimarT, zogierTi sakiTxis Seusabamod warmodgenis gamo. saqarTveloze masala daeyrdno roin metrevelis inglisurenovan wigns saqarTveloze. iqve, konferenciaze gadawyda axali sainterneto krebulis momzadeba. bundovani sakiTxebis garkvevaSi SesaZlo wvlilis Sesatanad, Cemi iniciativiT, guldasmiT-SeZlebisdagvarad Rrmad vikvlie cnobebi qarTvelebisa da mezoblebis Sesaxeb. xelaxla vikvlie bizantiuri xanis teqstebis inglisuri, franguli Targmanebi nawyvetebisa berZnul da laTinur pirvelwyaroTa publikaciebTan SejerebiT. </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ramdenadac CemTvis cnobilia, specialur literaturaSi miviwyebulia zogierTi erTob sayuradRebo cnoba qarTvelebis Sesaxeb. magaliTad, mesame saukuneSi georgebis- sxva wyaroebiT iverieli xalibebis-farTod gansaxlebis Sesaxeb mdinare CrdiloeT hifanis auzSi;- mosxebisa/mosxi qarTvelebisa-mdinare ‘ra’-s qvemo welSi/amJamindeli saxelwodebiT Tu vityviT, qveda volgispireTSi. ‘iberon xalipides’ anu iverieli xalibebis saxeliT, mesame saukuneSi, hipanis auzis mosaxleobad berZnuli wyaros cnobas yuradReba miapyres ramdenime wlis win amerikelma mkvlevarebma da gamoaqveynes saerTaSoriso organizacia ‘</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">evropis komisiis</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">’ mier mxardaWerili sxva proeqtis masalaSi, romelic inglisur enaze 1996 wlidan xelmisawvdomia internetiT. amerikeli mkvlevari varaudobs, rom mesame saukuneSi berZnul enaze gamoqveynebul geografiul aRweraSi mdinare hifanis(dnepris) auzSi ‘iberon xalipidebi, albaT, iyvnen iberielebi-espaneli iberielebi da amJamindeli espanelebis winaprebad miiCnevs maT. vfiqrob, rom mis varauds ewinaaRmdegeba is, rom manamde, kerZod pirvel saukuneSi, sandod aRiarebuli mkvlevarebi straboni da pomponius mela xsenebuli mdinaris auzSic da ufro aRmosavleTiT mimdebare vrcel mxareSic, kerZod, mdinare donis samxreTiT, sadac erT did mdinares amJamadac qarTvelebisaTvis sanukvari saxeli ‘aia/ea’ ewodeba, ZiriTad mosaxleobad asaxeleben qarTvelebs. qarTveli mefis giorgi erekle meoris Zis ojaxis azri xsenebuli sakiTxisadmi gaTvaliswinebulia da aRbeWdilia rusi mkvlevarisa da sasuliero piris-mitropolit evgeni bolxovidtinovis 1804 wlis gamokvlevaSi qarTvelebze, romelic mTlianad iTargmna da gamoqveynda germanul enazec, sadac rusulSi mexuTe, xolo germanul TargmanSi mecxre gverdze, SaviT TeTrze weria, rom ZirZveli saqarTvelo CrdiloeTiT iyo donis auzis CaTvliT. xsenebul midamoSi Zvel droSi Seqmnili kulturis Zeglebis garkveuli nawili aucileblad iRaRadebs maT Semqmnel erze-qarTvelebze. ara marto bizantiuri xanis, aramed manamdeli berZnuli da laTinurenovani saistorio-kulturuli xasiaTis cnobebis gaazrebisas zogi gaugebari sityva, saxelwodeba advilad gasagebi gaxdeba, Tu gaviTvaliswinebT lursmnuli damwerlobiT aRbeWdili masalis monacemebs. magaliTad, sayuradRebod vTvli, rom SumerulSi ‘afsin’ aris ‘xnuli’. aqedan ki SesaZleblad mimaCnia bizantiuri da qarTulenovani wyaroebis ‘afsilis’ gaazreba ‘mxvnel-mTesvelebis’ anu georgianebis/qarTvelebis modgmad. </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">Natela Popkhaze</font></i></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:center"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><font size="4">A Pair of Notes from Greek Texts (the Iberian Chalibs, the Apsils)</font></b></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">In a report I will draw </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">public attention to the Iberian Chalibs/ Ibero Khalibs attested as the main population in the Hypanis valley at the Northern coast of the Colchian Sea/the Pontos by several Greek authors in the I-III cc. Their interpretation seems easy as several ancient Greek politicians in those centuries attest the population near that Hypanis as ‘the Georgians’/the Georgoi. Corresponding maps accompany modern publications with the Georgoi at the Hypanis. The identity of the Iberian Chalibs with the Georgians/the Kartvels is apparent; The Greek text on the Iberian Chalibs at the Hypanis became available to me in two publications of the excerpts from Greek authors: one was a huge five-volume work entitled ‘Memorie” where Greek texts were accompanied with their Latin translations made in XIXc. published in Snt.-Petersburgh in XIX c. Another was a book of Gree</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">k excerpts published in Schtutt</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">gardt in 1912. Both publications were available at the Illia Chavchavadze Public Parliamentary Library in </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Tbilisi</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. The corresponding publications printed elsewhere in Russian, and, apparently, from that into Kartuli, do not contain that important excerpt. The translation of those words ‘Ibero Chalibes’into our language gives ‘Karti eri’. The word pronounced ‘Eri’-and meaning ‘a nation’-is used nowadays; it is worth mentioning that it has been attested as that very ‘eri’ with that very meaning in cuneiform texts in I, II, III millennia B.C. Another word in cuneiform- ‘Apsin’, meaning the ploughed area, ‘xnuli’ in modern Kartuli(from ‘khani’=an ox, hence khanva/dakhanva/xvna- ploughing with the ox’s help), seems to be the basis for the later Kartuli, Greek and Latin ‘Apsili’, Apsilai, Apsilae. Apsin is derived from ‘Apin’( an ox), hence a ploughing ox’s ‘Apeurebi’ in Kartuli. Several other hitherto unaccountable Kartuli and Greek terms may also be interpreted with the help of the cuneiform texts and cuneiform dictionaries. In special literature, e.g. in ‘the European Ethnohistory’published on the Web since 1996(publication in book format is suspended due to the work being going on), attention is paid to the aforesaid Iberian Chalibs in III c. at the Hypanis. The author of that publication, a US-American scholar, seems to be unaware that the Iberian is a synonym of Kartveli. He associates the Iberian Chalibs living at the Hypanis/Dniepr according to the Greek text, with the Iberians of the Iberian peninsula at the </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Atlantic</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, telling that modern Spanish nation is apparently related to those Iberian Chalibs. The Georgoi in the Chersoness (Qhirimi in Kartuli, the </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Crimea</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> in English) in Strabo’s Geography in the I c. were, of course, the Kartveli nation. The Georgoi in the peninsula called Qhirimi in Kartuli, the Crimea in English nowadays, are attested at the map made by Frederic Dubois in 1845 in his ‘Atlas of the Travels’ published in Neuchatel; besides, in Strabo’s Geography-the Loaeb edition. The tradition that Aiette king of Colchis/Georgia/Karti had cities there, spent several months of the year there, needs to be remembered. The attestation of the Tsirtseian/Tsiratsaian/Kirkeian regional kingdom at the western region of the Aeaea(the land called </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Crimea</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> now) in Greek texts is also very important. The indigenous Northern Karti/Colkheti/Georgia/Iberia in the view-point of our royal family is represented in King Davit Giorgis-dze’s books( Giorgi was the son of King Iracli Bagrationi-the national hero of the Kartvels; Giorgi succeeded Iracli on the throne) . His brother-Mepis Dze(Tsarevitsh in Russian) Teimuraz was also the author of several books and the member of the Russian, French and </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Dutch</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Academies</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> of Science. He was among the founders of the </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Moscow</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">University</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. That was acknowledged on the marble stella placed in the entrance to that university. The royal families of two kings of Karti(Kartli-Kakheti and Imereti kingdoms) and the ruling princes of one region of Kartvels (Apkhazeti) appeared to live at the Russian various towns in XIX c.against their desire; they were all exiled, forcefully removed to </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Voronezh</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Moscow</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, Petersburgh etc. They continued the political and literary work in exile. Later in 1918, forced to abdicate from his throne, King Nicholas II of </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Russia</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> is quoted to have regretfully said that the misfortune of the Russian royal family was God’s vengeans on it for the devastation and annihilation of the millennia-old kingship in Karti/Sakartuelo. The view of the members of the Royal families of Karti/Sakartvelo on the subject that indigenous Karti/Georgia stretches to the river Doni/the Don is backed by Strabo telling that in Ic. B.C.E.- Assander’s( king in Northern Colkheti in the </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Crimea</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">/ Cherson) kingdom embraced the Don and that he built a long wall against the Northern aliens in what was later called Olbia. That wall was uncovered in 1970-ies by Tatiana Samoilova-an archaeologist, a former film star. Formerly the Don has been in Karti/Iberia/Colcheti/Gruzia/Gurjustan- the Russian scientist, the Metropolitan of Kiev, Rector of the </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Christian</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Orthodox</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Academy</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> at Moscow- Evgenii Bolkhovitdinov published in 1802 in Russian in Snt.-Peterburgh. That book – ‘Izobrazhenie Iverii/Gruzii’- ‘the Short Review of the History of Iveria/Iberia/Gruzia/Karti/Georgia’ was translated into German and published both in </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Leipzig</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> and </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Riga</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> in 1804. It has a nice review of the Greek historical notes concerning the patriotic aspirations of the Colchian/Kartveli nation. That book is reproduced entirely in G. Sharadze’s monograph -Evgenii Bolkhovitdinov-the First Rustvelologist from </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Russia</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">’-published in </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Tbilisi</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> in Russian. At the International Conference in Byzantine Studies in </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Moscow</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> in 1990 where I delivered two papers, a speaker from </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Moscow</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> delivered a paper at the first plenary session about the Chalibs in Greek texts in I-III cc. He reasoned against historical evidence and declared that the Chalibs in Greek texts living at the Hypanis were the Russians. That paper is published in the Proceedings of that conference. Modern publications revive the obsolete term ‘Khazar’ and promote the idea of the reestablishment of Khazaria. The ethnicity of the Khazars being of dubious nature, their successors in modern times hardly available, that would be a dangerous initiative. I ought to remark that the view-point of Vakhushti Bagrationi in his Geographic Atlas of Karti/Sakartuelo and neighboring regions published only in 1997 in </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Tbilisi</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, has misinformation on one map having an inscription that the Khazars were the Russians and the Russian alphabet is the Khazar alphabet. He lived in </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Northern Russia</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> as an exile from Karti/Sakartuelo in those days, hence that misinformation might be imposed, forced on him by the Russian officials. At the International TV canals and videos at YouTube, modern persecuted Christians in Iraq are shown singing their national anthem and demanding the re-establishment , the revival of the Assyrian Empire on the area it had two and a half millennia ago. That is the direct effect of the founding of the </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Republic</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> of </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Israel</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> for the Jews in 1948; several other nations also demand reestablishment of nation-states that were annihilated two and more millennia ago. ‘The past history is not</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> past at all, we live with it, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">it has great impact upon our lives’-quoting a recent speech of a prominent scholar at the </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Oriental</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Institute</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Museum</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> at the </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Chicago</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">University</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> in the </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">USA</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Acad Nusx Geo'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">5</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:18pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p></div><hr align="left" size="1"><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><a name="_ftn1"></a><a href="#_ftnref1">[1]</a> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2">Fragmentae Historiae Graecorum. Stuttgart. Ed. Hahn, G. 1914. p.8</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><a name="_ftn2"></a><a href="#_ftnref2">[2]</a> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2">Strabo. Geography. Ed. By H. Jones. The </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2">Loab Classical Library, London, 1936, Vol. 3. Map No. 2</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><a name="_ftn3"></a><a href="#_ftnref3">[3]</a> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2">Dubois, F. Voyage autour de Caucase. ATLAS. Serie 1. Planche 6. Neuchatel. 1845</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><a name="_ftn4"></a><a href="#_ftnref4">[4]</a> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2">Sbornik Arqheologitchni. Sliven. 1958, p.65</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><a name="_ftn5"></a><a href="#_ftnref5">[5]</a> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2">Вестник древней истории(ВДИ)</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2">. М-Л. 1949. т. 18, 142</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">.</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><a name="_ftn6"></a><a href="#_ftnref6">[6]</a> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2">Ibid. 1947. том 16. стр. 162; Елницкий Лев. Знания древних о северных странах</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2">М., 1961, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2">57, 98</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2">.</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><a name="_ftn7"></a><a href="#_ftnref7">[7]</a> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2">Jenkens, Anthony. Map of Russia</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2"> Tartaria, etc. 1562. In Abraham Ortelius. Teatrum Orbis Terrarum. Antwerp. 1734. Published at the Yale University Antiquarian Maps Colle</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2">ction.</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><a name="_ftn8"></a><a href="#_ftnref8">[8]</a> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2">Bruun, Ph. Gazarie. Snt. Petersburg, 1876. 76</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><a name="_ftn9"></a><a href="#_ftnref9">[9]</a> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2">Sokal, I. European Ethno-history. On-line Internet publication, 1999</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2">.</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><a name="_ftn10"></a><a href="#_ftnref10">[10]</a> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="2">es faqtebi cnobili iyo saqarTvelos samefo ojaxisTvis, romelic ruseTSi iyo gadasaxlebuli da iq agrZelebda politikur Tu kulturul moRvaweobas. qarTveli mefis giorgi erekle II Zis ojaxis azri gaTvaliswinebulia da aRbeWdili rusi mkvlevarisa da sasuliero piris – mitropolit evgeni bolxovitinovis mier, romelic 1802 wels peterburgSi aqveynebs naSroms saTauriT </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2">Изображение</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2">Иверии</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2">/</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2">Грузии</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="2"> romelSic wers: </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2">«</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2">Напоследокъ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2">древние</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2">Иверы</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2">владения</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2">свои</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2">распространили</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2">было</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2">по</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2">всему</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2">пространству</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2">между</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2">Каспийскимъ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2">и</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2">Чернымъ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2">морем</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2">отъ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2">Персидского</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2">города</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="2">Тавриса</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2">и</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2">Турецкого</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="2">Ерзерума</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2">до</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2">устьи</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2">реки</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="2">Дона</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2"> (</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2">ст</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2">9).</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="2">naSromi iTargmna </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="2">germanul enaze da erTdroulad gamoqveynda laifcigsa da rigaSi 1804 </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="2">wels</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="2"> saTauriT: </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2">Georgien oder Historisches Gemalde von Grusien. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="2">rusuli teqsti TbilisSi srulad gamosca guram SaraZem wignSi `evgeni bolxovitinovi – pirveli rusTvelologi ruseTidan~.</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="2"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="2"> </font></span></p><br>NATELA POPKHADZEhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13568269499155042696noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1993044457595238899.post-18501438890476511242009-09-05T04:33:00.001-07:002009-09-05T04:33:35.205-07:004agvis8weli<br /><P CLASS="western"><FONT FACE="AcadNusx"><FONT SIZE=4>A<br /> </FONT><FONT SIZE=6><font size="6">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=5>edea<br />da </FONT><FONT SIZE=6><font size="6">i</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=5>asoni<br />mxatvrobasa da qandakebaSi</FONT></FONT></P><br /><P CLASS="western" ALIGN=JUSTIFY><br /> <FONT FACE="AcadNusx"><FONT SIZE=4>ori aTas<br />xuTasze meti welis winaT damzadebul gamomwvari Tixis nivTze daxatulia<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5>k</FONT><FONT SIZE=4>olxi mefe-qali </FONT><FONT SIZE=5>m</FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edea.<br />xelT vazis mwife mtevnebiT daxunZluli xel-joxi//kverTxi upyria, natif<br />saxes samefo gvirgvini umSvenebs. lamaz kabaze welTan warwerilia<br />sityva ,,</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">a</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>iia”<br />im damwerlobiT, romelic amJamadac Cveni saxelmwifos oficialuri<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">q</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>arTuli<br />damwerlobaa, romelzec ibeWdeba saxelmwifos dadgenilebebi, wesebi,<br />konstitucia, saxelmZRvaneloebi, Jurnalebi, gazeTebi, wignebi-maT<br />Soris, saxelmZRvaneloebi. am </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">q</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>arTul<br />damwerlobas ,,</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>xedruli”<br />ewodeba, radgan, winaT arsebobda mxedrebis sazogadoebrivi fena.<br />mxedari niSnavs cxenosans, zogjer, samxedro pirs. cxenosanTa<br />sazogadoebrivi fena aRar arsebobs, radgan cxeni Secvala benzinis<br />Zravianma avtomobilma, TviTmfrinavma, eleqtrodenze momuSave<br />matarebelma. axali transportis momsaxure pirebs ,,mxedari”ver<br />ewodebaT, amdenad, xsenebuli damwerlobisaTvis axali, Sesaferi saxelia<br />SesarCevi. es ramdenime mkvlevarma warmoaCina, maT Soris, </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>aia<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">n</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>iniZem<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">q</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>arTuli<br />damwerlobis Sesaxeb gamoqveynebul Tavis wignSi(</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">T</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>bilisi,<br />2005). misi mosazrebiT, arc sxva saxis </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">q</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>arTuli<br />damwerlobebis saxelebia Sesaferi: </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">a</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>somTavruli,<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>rgvlovani,<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">n</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>usxa-xucuri.<br />Cemis mxriv SegaxsenebT, rom uZveles-kerZod, lursmanis msgavs<br />damwerlobas misive Semqmnelebi uwodebdnen ,,</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">e</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>megr”-s<br />anu </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>egruls.<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">l</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>ado<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">g</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>udiaSvilma<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">k</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>olxi<br />mefe-qali </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edea<br />warmoidgina da daxata </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">q</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>arTuli<br />samoseliT, amSvenebs Cixti-kopi, leCaqi; moCxriale mdinaris napirze<br />dgas cocxali niangis maxloblad. niangi wminda muxnaris//samuxis<br />mcveli urCxulia. naxatze sxva aravin aris asaxuli. Cveniani mefis<br />gverdiT mSvidad mdgomi niangi gamosaxulia brtyel qandakebebze jer<br />kidev oTxi da meti aTasi welis winaT. saTanado samecniero<br />literaturaSi ganmartebulia, rom Cveniani mefis gverdiT wynarad mdgomi<br />niangis aRbeWdviT xelovani mayurebels, mxilvels uxsnis, rom niangebiT<br />savse mdinare </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">n</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>ilosis<br />xeobac//auzic am mefis mier imarTeba. warsulis Sesaxeb moRweul<br />cnobebs Tu gavecnobiT, SevityobT, rom Zv.w. 3100-iani wlebidan<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">n</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>ilosis<br />auzi xSirad iyo xolme mis aRmosavleTiT mimdebare saxelmwifosTan<br />gaerTianebuli, erTi mmarTvelis xelmZRvanelobiT. Zv.w. 3100-ian wlebSi<br />gamaerTianebeli mefe iyo </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">a</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>nmare.<br />sam aTaswleulze meti xanis Semdeg Sedgenil teqstebSi zogi meorenairad<br />mas </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">n</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>imrod//</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">n</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>imrud<br />mefes uwodebs. saxelSi aso ,,d”-s gaCenas xsnian sxva sityvis<br />dasawyisis SeTvisebiT. sxva sityva niSnavs ,,meamboxes”. </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">a</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>nmare<br />marTlac iyo meamboxe bunebisa, weren mkvlevarebi. saxels<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">a</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>nmares//</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">a</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>nmars<br />amJamadac mraval mamakacs arqmeven. 2007 wlis seqtemberSi mdinare<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">p</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>uranunus//</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">e</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>vfratis<br />auzSi mdebare qalaqis mSvidobian mcxovreb erT-erT ymawvils, saxelad<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">a</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>nmares,<br />ucxoeli jariskacis mier nasrolma tyviam Tvali dauziana, </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">l</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>ondonelma<br />eqimma umkurnala. vaJis suraTi da misi ambavi gamoaqveyna </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">b</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>ritaneTis<br />televizia </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">bi-bi-si</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>-m.<br />gavrcelebuli saxeli ,,</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">a</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>nvar”-ic,<br />Cans, ,,</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">a</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>nmar”-is<br />saxeobaa. davubrundeT </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edeas<br />gamosaxulebebis mokled mimoxilvas. gansakuTrebiT momwons </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">a</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>msterdamSi<br />zeTis saRebavebiT uzadod, gemovnebiT daxatuli Zalian didi kedelis<br />zomis suraTi. ocze met adamians zedmiwevniT dawvrilebiT gamosaxavs.<br />yvelas Tavi mouyria uzarmazar oraswlovan xesTan. misi totidan xdeba<br />TvalebdaxuWuli saSualo zomis batkanis TokiT CamoReba. batkani mTelia<br />da axladmokluls, TokiT momxrCvals hgavs, ese igi, carieli tyavi ar<br />aris. jgufis SuaSi gasxivosnebulia uTeTresi saxis kanis, nazi<br />nakvTebis, maRali yelis, mdidruli mravalferovani WiWnauris//abreSumis<br />samosis mqone, Tavze gvirgviniT damSvenebuli ocdaxuTiode wlis<br />tankenari </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edea.<br />saxeze SeSfoTeba gamosaxvia, daJinebiT misCerebia cxvars, romelsac<br />jgufis SuaSi mdgari </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">i</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>asoni<br />TokiT Sua xidan Tavisken eqaCeba. medea misCerebia cxvars da ara<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">i</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>asons,<br />qalis gulisyuri cxvarisaken aris mipyrobili. </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">i</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>asonze<br />is arc ki fiqrobs. naxatze sinaTliT gamoyofilia danarCenTagan </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edea<br />da </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">i</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>asoni.<br />yoveli danarCeni adamianis mzerac da saqmianobac Sua xidan batkanis<br />CamoRebiT aris dakavebuli. yoveli adamiani mZafr moZraobaSia asaxuli.<br />es mayurebels Tanamonawileobis STabeWdilebas uqmnis. iqvea<br />gasamgzavreblad ganmzadebuli ialqnebiani didi gemi. es naxati<br />didebuli xelovanis naRvawia. Zalian momwons saukuneze meti xanis<br />winaT holandieli ostatis mier zeTis saRebavebiT daxatuli<br />tilo-</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edeasadmi<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">i</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>asonis<br />mier siyvarulis ficis scena. es Tvalwarmtaci naRvawic daburuli tyis<br />erT kunWuls gamosaxavs. saukunovani xeebis qveda totebs xviara<br />mcenareebis daxlarTuli Reroebi amSvenebs da iqaurobas siZvelis,<br />simSvidis, maradiulobis, ucvlelobis niSans, gancdas aniWebs. daburul<br />CeroSi qvafeniliani wyaroa. wyarosTan Camomjdara mdidruli, grZeli<br />kabiT mosili </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">k</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>olxi<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edea.<br />mcenareulobiT dafarul nestian miwas fiqrebSi Cafluli ugulisyurod<br />misCerebia. fiqrobs Tavis momaval saqmianobaze. natif saxeze<br />naRvliani fiqris kvali aRbeWdvia. </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edea<br />TiTqos iq aris da iq arc aris. sadRac sxvaganac hqris im wuTebSi misi<br />azri. oriode nabijis iqeT mdgari ymawvili </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">i</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>asoni<br />siyvarulis gamo Tavis tanjvaze esaubreba orive xelis nerviulad<br />moZraobiT. mdidrulad da darbaislurad acvia. nazi TeTri yelis ZarRvebi<br />siyvarulis mtanjveli ZaliT dahbervia, xma uTrTis, xma ukankalebs,<br />guli mozRvavebuli grZnobiT uduRs da alalad, gulwrfelad samudamo<br />siyvaruls eficeba fiqrebSi Caflul </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edeas.<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edeas<br />saxeze aRtaceba an sixaruli ki ara, Tavis gaurkvevlobiT daburul<br />momavalze, bedze, pasuxismgeblobaze zrunva asaxula. mxatvars miznad<br />dausaxavs </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">i</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>asonis<br />gulwrfeli, alali xasiaTis gamosaxva. is, rac SemdgomSi moxda(</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">i</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>asonis<br />mier ficis, pirobis miviwyeba da siyvaruliT SerTuli erTguli colisa da<br />siyvaruliT gaCenili mcirewlovani Svilebis mitoveba-Ralati) </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">i</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>asonis<br />brali ar aris, cxovrebis pirobebis, </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">i</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>asonis<br />zemdgomi xelisufalis –</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">k</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>orinTos<br />mefis Zalmomreobis, zewolis bralia. </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edeas<br />naRvliani, gonebrivi gansjis amsaxveli mzera migvaniSnebs, rom cudi<br />winaTgrZnoba aqvs da momavalis eSinia. mxatvarma ori mosiyvarule<br />satrfos Sexvedra ki ar asaxa, aramed Caifiqra da aRbeWda axalgazrda<br />asulisa da vaJis Sexvedra imgvarad, im saxiT, rodesac winaswar<br />cnobilia momaval ubedurebaTa gardauvaloba da beds ver Secvlian, rac<br />Zalian samwuxaroa. arsebobs saukunenaxevaris winaT </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">a</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>nselm<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">f</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>oierbaxis<br />mier zeTis saRebavebiT daxatuli didi tilo. masze asaxulia Rrubliani<br />dRe, boboqari zRva. zRvis napirze Camomjdari, gasamgzavreblad<br />saCqarod ganmzadebuli </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edea<br />mcirewlovani SvilebiTa da </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edeas<br />Tu misi Svilebis dardiani, naRveliani, Savkabiani da SavTavsafriani<br />gadia//aRmzrdeli qali. erTob sevdis momgvreli suraTia. </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">b</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>iWvinTaSi<br />kolxebis zRvis mimdebare biWvis//fiWvis tyeSi oTxi aTeuli welis winaT<br />daidga </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edeas<br />didi, qvis Zegli. Sewuxebuli, mdabiosaviT gulmoReRili kabiT mosili<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edea<br />SiSiT gascqeris zRvas da Sors gamgzavrebas saCqarod lamobs. mis<br />gverdiT, miwaze, misi ori ToTo vaJiSvili bavSvurad laRobs. moqandakem<br />airCia Tema: </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edeas,<br />rogorc Svilebis sikvdiliT, qmaris RalatiT gaubedurebuli, </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">k</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>orinTos<br />mama-papeuli samefodan gandevnili qalis gamosaxva gaqcevis momentSi.<br />ori balRis gamosaxva </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">k</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>orinToeli<br />mosaxleobis mier mokluli </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edeas<br />ori vaJiSvilis gaxsenebas iwvevs am qandakebis mxilvelebSi. is<br />qandakeba </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">b</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>iWvinTaSi<br />dadges gamyinvarebis xanamde, ese igi, Zalian didi xanis winaTac<br />arsebuli biWvis tyis Sesayarze zRvasTan. iqve xalxis dasasvenebeli<br />mravalsarTuliani saxlebia. damsvenebelTa umravlesoba iq oriod kviriT<br />axerxebda xolme Casvlas ssrk-is daSlamde; amJamad, uaresi siRatakea.<br />Zegli gzazea da Zalauneburad gamvlelebi mas gverds ver auvlian dReSi<br />ramdenjerme. naTesavis iqve, maxloblad mdebare saxlSi yovelwliurad<br />TveobiT visvenebdi xolme kuTvnili da damatebiTi (uxelfaso)<br />SvebulebiT, Tan mimqonda samsaxuris saqme-saqarTvelos wiaRiseulis<br />gadamuSavebisaTvis gankuTvnili inglisur-, frangul enovani teqstebi da<br />bunebis wiaRSi vamuSavebdi teqstebs.. Zegli iwvevs adamianebis mier<br />pirobis gatexvis, Ralatis Cvevis, moulodneli usamarTlo ubedurebis<br />albaTobis SesaZleblobiT gamowveul damTrgunvel gancdebs.<br />mizanSeuwonelia </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edeas<br />bavSvebis sikvdilze mxatvrebis, moqandakeebis, dramaturgebis mier<br />yuradRebis gamaxvileba. </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">k</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>olxeTis<br />warsulis aRwerebSi mteri ucxoelebis mier </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">k</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>olxebis<br />erT-erTi gamoCenili mmarTvelis-</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edeas<br />dasaknineblad gamogonebuli nawyvetebi, CanarTebi ar unda qveyndebodes<br />da aisaxebodes. </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edeas<br />ambavSi yuradRebis gasamaxvileblad mTavari unda iyos </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edeas<br />samefos mdebareobis- farTo fenebisaTvis gasagebad Sedgenili<br />teqstebiTa da naxatebiT sworad warmoCena. </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edea<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edeTis<br />didi tbis irgvliv mimdebare vrcel samefos ganagebda, romelic<br />mamisagan—didi </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">k</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>olxeTis<br />didi mefisagan-</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">a</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>ietisagan<br />ergo. sasurvelad mimaCnia naxatebze, qandakebebze aisaxos diadi </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">a</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>iet<br />mefis mier </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edeas<br />mefe-qalad xeldasxma. SemdgomSi </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edea<br />mefe-qalis mier Tavisi vaJis-saxelad </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edes<br />Tana-mefed, Tanamosaydred xeldasxma da saxelmwifos mmarTvelobis<br />praqtikulad swavleba. gasakviria, rom aseTi qandakeba arc ki<br />Seqmnila, ara da, aucileblad Sesaqmneli da saukeTeso adgilze<br />dasadgamia. </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edeam<br />eri SeaCvia Svilis mmarTvelobas, raTa SemdgomSi </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edeas<br />ar yofnisas mmarTvelobis sadaveebi myarad pyroboda sruluflebiani<br />mefis saxiT da qveyana ucvlelad, Zveleburi swori geziT<br />ganviTarebuliyo. sasurvelia, kargi iqneba </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">k</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>olxurad<br />erTmaneTTan saqmianad, samkurnalo Temaze mosaubre </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edeasa<br />da mamis dis-saxelad </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">c</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>irces<br />gamosaxva romelime samkurnalo mcenariT xelSi; mamidam unda auxsnas<br />mcenaris Tvisebebi. arsebobs adamianis sakvebad mizanSewonili<br />kenkrovani mcenare </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">c</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>irceli.<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">c</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>irces<br />saxelSi moviazreb </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">k</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>olxur<br />sityvas ,,</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">c</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>ira”;<br />niSnavs qals, asuls, qaliSvils, qalbatons. unda vicodeT, rom<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">c</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>iras//</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">c</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>irces<br />saxelobis srutes saxeli TiTqmis dRemde SeunarCunda, miuxedavad imisa,<br />rom TiTqmis oTxi aTaswleulis winaT mefobda srutis aRmosavleTiT<br />mimdebare kunZulze, romelsac amJamad ,,</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">y</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>irimi”<br />ewodeba. im kunZulze mdebare -</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">k</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>olxuri<br />saxelwodebis mqone qalaqebi mecxramete saukuneSic arsebobdnen: </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">d</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>ia,<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">q</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>uTaia,<br />kunZulis samxreTSi mdebare koncxs ,,</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">a</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>iia”<br />ewodeboda. pirvel saukuneSi msoflios geografiis avtori </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">s</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>traboni,<br />dediT </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">k</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>olxi(“straboni”<br />SorsmWvretels, aseve, elams, brucians niSnavs </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">e</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>llinTa<br />enaze da, SesaZloa, zedwodebaa, romelic saxelad daumkvidrda) werda,<br />rom zemoT xsenebul vrcel naxevarkunZulze ,,</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">g</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>eorgebad”<br />xmobili mosaxleoba cxovrobda imJamadac. naxevarkunZulis CrdiloeTiT<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">k</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>olxebi//</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">g</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>eorgebi//</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">g</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>eorgielebi//</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">q</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>arTvelebi<br />xSirad aRadgendnen xolme ZvelTaganve maTi winaprebis mier nageb<br />TavdacviT kedels. kedels axlda oTaxebi meomrebis, mcvelebis<br />sacxovreblad. isini mudam mzad iyvnen <B>ucxoelebis Semosaxlebisagan<br />iqaurobis dasacavad. </B>sinamdvileze dafuZnebuli iqauri erovnuli<br />tradiciuli gadmocema ucxoelebis mimarT im naxevarkunZulze arsebul<br />wess aRwers: </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">k</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>olxeTis-iqauri<br />mefis- unebarTvod rogorRac Semoparul pirebs asamaTlebdnen da<br />Cveulebriv, xocavdnen da zRvaSi isrodnen, saflavsac ar aRirsebdnen.<br />es Cveuleba aRwerilia sami saukunis winandel ucxour-haidnis mier<br />Seqmnil operebSi, romelTagan, erTs ewodeba ,,</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">i</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>figenia(qalis<br />saxelia)</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">a</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>ulidaSi,<br />meores-,,</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">i</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>figenia<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">T</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>auridaSi//tauridaSi”.<br />‘Taur’ ellinuri sityvaa, qarTulad niSnavs<br />‘kuro’-s//sanaSene xars. am operebis Sinaarss aswavlian<br />xolme saqarTvelos musikalur skolebSi, magram ar xsnian, rom ambavi<br />xdeba sami aTasi wlis winaT </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">k</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>olxeTSi//</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">s</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>aqarTveloSi<br />mdebare naxevarkunZulze, romelsac amJamad </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">y</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>irimi<br />ewodeba da </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">r</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>usebis<br />saxelmwifoSia; amJamad is im nawilSia CarTuli, romelsac </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">r</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>useTis<br />,,ganapira mxare” anu ,,</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">o</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>kraina”<br />ewodeba. misi saxelwodebis- ,,</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">o</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>krainis”-<br />,,</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">u</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>krainad”gadakeTeba<br />sakiTxis arss ar cvlis. </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">y</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>irimi-ZirZveli<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">k</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>olxuri<br />mxare- ssrk-Si </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">n</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>ikita<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">x</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>ruSCovis<br />zeobisas am erTi kacis survilis monurad aRsrulebis Sedegad miekuTvna<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">o</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>krainis<br />anu </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">u</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>krainis<br />manamde isedac usamarTlod daarsebul respublikas. </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">c</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>iracas<br />xsenebuli naxevarkunZulis miwa-wyalze sxvadasxva dros mopovebulia<br />ZvelTaZveli samarxebi, </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">k</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>olxeTis<br />mefeTa da didebulTa oqros nivTebi, maT Soris, oqroskuboebi da<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">k</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>olxebis<br />diadi cxovrebis mowme sxva uZvirfasesi, warwerebiani nivTebi.<br />nivTebis mopovebisa da ambebis mxilvelebi werdnen, rom </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">r</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>useTis<br />arqeologebi iq RamiT muSaobdnen, raTa yuradReba ar miepyroT, RamiTve<br />gzavnidnen </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">p</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>eterburgsa<br />da </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>oskovSi<br />Zvirfas nivTebs etlebiT. iqauri mxilvelebis sayvedurebi ucxoelebma<br />wignebSi gamoaqveynes. amJamad moqmedebs </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">gaero-</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>s<br />dadgenileba ama Tu im eris mier Seqmnili-</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">usamarTlod</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4><br />sxva saxelmwifoSi gaziduli kulturis Zeglebis, nivTebis dabrunebis<br />sakiTxze. am wesis safuZvelze mravali nivTi daibrunes maTi Semqmneli<br />eris saxelmwifo muzeumebma. sami saukunis winaT </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">i</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>ngliselebma<br />gazides da </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">l</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>ondonSi<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">b</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>ritaneTis<br />muzeumSi daaunjes </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">b</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>ergamoSi//</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">p</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>ergamoSi<br />mdebare Zveli nagebobis kedlebze mikruli TeTri marmarilosagan Tlili<br />didi brtyeli qandakebebi(bergi </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>argalurad<br />miwaTmoqmedebas, Toxnas niSnavs). naxevari saukune grZeldeba dava.<br />wels gadawyda maTi Zvel adgilze dabruneba im saxelmwifos teritoriaze,<br />saidanac gazides. molaparakeba wlebis manZilze mimdinareobda ori<br />saxelmwifos mTavrobisa da </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">gaero-</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>s<br />monawileobiT. erT-erT xsenebul marmarilos did nakeTobaze<br />Cveni-</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">k</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>olxi//</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">a</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>iiaeli//</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">q</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>arTveli<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edea,<br />misi qmari </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">i</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>asoni<br />da maTi ori Svili arian asaxulni. </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edea<br />Sewuxebuli, aRSfoTebulia, orive xeleb apyrobili zecaSi sagulvebel<br />samarTalis damamkvidrebel RmerTs SesCivis da sadRac Sors miiCqaris,<br />ori ToTo vaJi kabaze ebRauWeba da misdevs, samives fexdafex mihyveba<br />Sewuxebuli, danaRvlianebuli </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">i</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>asoni,<br />romelic gzadagza sayvedurs gamosTqvams, Tumca msmeneli iqve ara<br />hyavs. asaxulia momenti, rodesac </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">i</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>asonma<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edeas<br />auwya gadawyvetileba </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edeas<br />mitovebisa da </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">k</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>orinTos<br />mefis asulze daqorwinebis(meored) Sesaxeb. iqvea gamoqandakebuli ori<br />gvelveSapiT Sebmuli etliT </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edeas<br />gafrena </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">k</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>orinTodan<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">a</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>Tenisaken.<br />es mravalfiguriani didi qandakeba misi Semqmneli xelovanis ostatobaze<br />aSkarad metyvelebs. weren, rom is saflavis kubozea gamoqandakebuli,<br />rac miuTiTebs, rom gardacvlilis winaprebi iyvnen </FONT><FONT SIZE=5>m</FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edea<br />da misi axloblebi. es igivea, axla rom vinmem Tavis saflavze </FONT><FONT SIZE=5>k</FONT><FONT SIZE=4>olxi<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5>m</FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edeas Zegli daidgas.<br />SesaniSnavia, mosawonia axlaxans baTumSi dadgmuli </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edeas<br />Zegli. is sasiamovno gancdas iwvevs, radgan Sesazari, ubedurebasTan<br />dakavSirebuli niSnebi ar axlavs. ZeglSi gamosaxuli- SemdgomSi<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">k</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>olxeTis<br />nawilis-</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edeTis<br />mefe-qali </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edea<br />sandomiani saxis axalgazrda qalia; grZeli samosi amSvenebs. dinjad<br />dgas da cali xeliT maRla auzidavs oqros verZis tyavi. qandakeba<br />lamazia, Zlier maRal kvarcxlbekze dgas qalaq </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">b</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>aTumis<br />SuagulSi mdebare xalxmraval adgilze da iqaurobas amSvenebs. unda<br />vicodeT, rom oqros verZi sinamdvileSi verZis tyavi ki ar aris,<br />aramed, <B>verZis Tanavarskvlavedis aRmniSnveli simboloa. mzis Sesvla<br />verZis TanavarskvlavedSi, rodesac mze tropikul wertilSia(uen san iz<br />in tropikal aries-ganmartebulia inglisurenovan teqstSi), xdeba<br />gazafxulze-dRisa da Ramis grZliobis tolobis//dRe-Ram tolobis<br />momentSi. im moments gazafxulis bunioba ewodeba. im wuTidan iwyeba<br />dRis xangrZlivobis mateba da iwyebdnen axali welis aTvlas Cvenianebi.<br /></B>muslimebic, </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">C</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>inelebic<br />da mravali sxva kulturis mimdevari mosaxleobac amJamadac gazafxulze<br />iwyebs axal wels oficialurad. Cveni erisaTvisac axali weli winaT<br />gazafxulze iyo. magaliTad, diadi mefis-</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">n</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>abukodor<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>eoris<br />zeobisas(gardaicvala Zv.w. 562 wels) axali weli anu pirveli Tvis<br />pirveli ricxvi-izeimes im dRes, romelsac amJamad oTxi aprili<br />Seesatyviseba. ornaxevarze meti aTasi welis winaT, gazafxulze axali<br />welis dadgomas aTi dRe zeimobdnen Cvenianebi. im aTi dRis manZilze<br />taZrebSi ikvleboda didZali msxvilfexa da wvrilfexa pirutyvi, iqve<br />samzareuloSi keTdeboda xorciani sadili; erT-erTi sataZro saWmeli iyo<br />,,kuptari”-xorciani Rvezeli. misi es saxeli da sadResaswaulod<br />momzadebis wesi SeinarCunes </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">s</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>uanma<br />//</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">S</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>ona<br />qarTvelebma. sityva ,,kuptari” saritualo xorcis Rvezelis<br />aRmniSnvelad CarTulia </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">e</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>megruli(lursmanis<br />msgavsi) damwerlobiT- sami aTaswleulis winaT Sedgenil ganmartebiT<br />sityvaTa konebSi//leqsikonebSi. isini muzeumebSi arian daunjebulni<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">b</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>aRdadSi,<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">l</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>ondonSi,<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">p</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>arizSi,<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">C</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>ikagoSi,<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">k</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>aliforniaSi<br />da sxva qalaqebSi. ramdenime welis winaT qarTvelma mxatvarma daxata<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edea<br />grZeli kabiT, samkurnalo wamalis damzadebisas da wamalTmcodne </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">s</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>okrat<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">s</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>aluqvaZis<br />TxovniT, waawera </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">l</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>aTinurad:<br />,,</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">kura mediana</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>”<br />anu ,,</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edeaseuli<br />mkurnaloba”. es didi naxati wlebis manZilze amSvenebs </FONT><FONT SIZE=5>T</FONT><FONT SIZE=4>bilisSi<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">T</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>avisuflebis<br />moedanze mdebare erTi afTiaqis gareTa kedels. qalaq </FONT><FONT SIZE=5>l</FONT><FONT SIZE=4>ondonSi<br />mdebare </FONT><FONT SIZE=5>b</FONT><FONT SIZE=4>ritaneTis muzeumSi<br />aris mecamete saukunis xelnaweri wigni msoflios istoriaze. masSia<br />sami feradi suraTi </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">i</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>asonis<br />yofnas rom asaxavs mefe </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">p</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>eliasis<br />sasaxleSi. </FONT><FONT SIZE=5>p</FONT><FONT SIZE=4>eliasi is mefea,<br />vinc miitaca </FONT><FONT SIZE=5>p</FONT><FONT SIZE=4>elazgi anu<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5>q</FONT><FONT SIZE=4>arTueli </FONT><FONT SIZE=5>i</FONT><FONT SIZE=4>asonis<br />mamiseuli samefo Tanamdeboba, sasaxle, saxelmwifo da </FONT><FONT SIZE=5>i</FONT><FONT SIZE=4>asons<br />maT dabrunebas Sepirda, Tu </FONT><FONT SIZE=5>a</FONT><FONT SIZE=4>iia<br />saxelmwifoSi gaemgzavreboda da oqros verZis tyavs Camoitanda.<br />naxatze, </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">p</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>eliasis<br />samefo darbazSi myofT, mecamete saukuneSi </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">i</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>nglisSi<br />mcxovrebi didkacebis samosi amSvenebT. suraTze asaxulia, rom </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">p</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>eliasi<br />sTavazobs </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">i</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>asons<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">k</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>olxeTSi<br />gamgzavrebas oqros verZis tyavis Camosatanad. ar momwons </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">g</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>ustav<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>oros<br />feradi naxati, daunjebuli </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">p</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>arizSi-</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">o</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>rseis<br />muzeumSi: tyeSi dganan TiTqmis SiSveli </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edea<br />da </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">i</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>asoni<br />da mayureblebis miRma uazrod imzirebian. ase SiSvelebs zRaprul pirvel<br />adamianebs-</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">a</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>damsa<br />da </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">e</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>vas<br />xataven. qalaq </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">r</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>omSi<br />erT-erT muzeumSia daunjebuli TeTri marmarilosagan damzadebuli didi<br />zomis </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edeas<br />qandakeba; is mSvidad dgas grZeli kabiT Semosili. mxatvaris ostatobiT<br />STambeWdavia </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">h</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>erbert<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">d</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>raperis<br />mier 1904 wels zeTis saRebavebiT tiloze aRbeWdili scena, romelsac<br />,,oqros sawmisi//tyavi” uwoda. mxatvarma Temad airCia momenti,<br />rodesac aboboqrebul zRvaSi gemze arian </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edea<br />gverdiT, gembanze dafenili didi verZis Taviani tyaviT, </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">i</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>asoni,<br />mezRvaurebi; gems uaxlovdeba nislSi gaxveuli meore-</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">a</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>ietis<br />gemi. male </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">a</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>ietis<br />gagzavnili ialqaniani gemi </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">i</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>asonis<br />gems daeweva da didi ubedureba moxdeba. mxatvaris yuradReba<br />mipyrobilia mxolod </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edeasadmi.<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edea<br />aris iq mTavari piri, brZanebebs is gascems. manve brZana ymawvili<br />Zmis TokiT Sekrva da zRvaSi gadagdeba. xel-fexSekruli Zma sicocxles<br />evedreba </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edeas,<br />magram dai ar usmens, is da mezRvaurebi misCerebian mxolod<br />moaxlovebul gems da es aSfoTebT. ganTiadia da medea uceb gaaRviZes,<br />saTanadod Cacmac ki ver moaswro; Ramis perangiT mosili, naxevrad<br />moSiSvlebuli mkerdiT gemis kideze mdgomi </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edeas<br />asaxviT gamoxata xelovanma moulodneloba. naxati </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">u</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>.<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">r</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>ussale<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">f</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>lintis<br />mier Seqmnil naxats ewodeba ,,</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edea,<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">i</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>asoni,<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">o</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>rofaSi//</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">o</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>rfevsi<br />da urCxuli”. SegaxsenebT, rom sityva ,,orofa” </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">k</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>olxuria<br />da siyvaruls, trfobas niSnavs; ,,orofaS”-i niSnavs Seyvarebul<br />adamians, vinmeze Seyvarebuls. </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">e</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>llinurad<br />es sityva gadaRebulia, SeTvisebulia ,,S”-s nacvlad ,,s”-s<br />CarTviT. asaxulia tye. beber muxaze hkidia didi verZis matyliani da<br />rqebiani tyavi. </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">i</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>asoni<br />mas xels axebs xis qveda totTan. marcxena TeZosTan swori satevari<br />hkidia. mis marjvniv dgas kaci-</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">o</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>rofaSi//</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">o</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>rfeosi<br />Cangis msgavsi sakraviT xelSi da gulmxurvaled mReris da ukravs.<br />uzarmazari gveli anakonda muxis ZirTanaa daxveuli gorgalad,<br />mojadoebulia </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edeas<br />mier. gveli </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edeas<br />irgvliv axvevia. </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edeas<br />xelT upyria gvelis kiseri da jadosnur sityvebs warmosTqvams. </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">h</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>ainrix<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">a</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>ldegreverma<br />1502 wels daxata da amotvifra graviura. masze asaxa </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">a</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>polon<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">r</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>odoselis<br />,,</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">a</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>rgonavtikaSi”<br />moxseniebuli ambavi, </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edeas<br />mier </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">i</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>asonisaTvis<br />kacis mcire qandakebis Cuqeba. mxatvari </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">g</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>ermaniaSi<br />daibada da gardaicvala. es nimuSi iqvea </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">p</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>aderbornis<br />muzeumSi daunjebuli. aSS-Si mdebare </FONT><FONT SIZE=5>m</FONT><FONT SIZE=4>etropolitan<br />muzeumSi gamofenilia </FONT><FONT SIZE=5>m</FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edeas<br />TeTri marmarilos qandakeba; welTan xanjali aqvs xelSi da mkvleloba<br />aqvs Cafiqrebuli. kidev mravali naxati da qandakebaa muzeumebSi<br />daunjebuli </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edeasa<br />da </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">i</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>asonis<br />ambavs rom asaxavs. 16-e saukuneSi es Tema imdenad sayuradrebod iyo<br />miCneuli, rom didi zomis naxatebs ukveTavdnen, maTi saSualebiT<br />nimuSebs amzadebdnen da kedelze gasakrav xaliCebs, gobelenebs<br />qsovdnen. maTgan erT-erTi amJamadac arsebobs da gamofenilia </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">l</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>ondonis<br />erovnul//saxelmwifo//neSenal muzeumSi. ,,</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edea”<br />da ,,</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">i</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>asoni”<br />ewodeboda or did ucxour gems, romelic meoce saukunis ocdaaTian da<br />momdevno wlebSi seravda zRvebsa da okeaneebs. aTiode welis winaT<br />,,</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edea”<br />da ,,</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">i</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>asoni”<br />uwodes </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">aSS</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>-Si<br />Seqmnil, okeaneSi, zRvaSi wyalis siRrmis mzom or xelsawyos. TiToeuli<br />maTganis sigrZe, sigane, simaRle, daaxlovebiT, TiTo metria; yvelaze<br />Tanamedrove xelsawyoebia dargSi da uaxlesi miRwevebis gaTvaliswinebiT<br />aris damzadebuli. es ori nivTi erTmaneTis gareSe ver muSaobs, ver<br />Zlebs; amitom uwodes inJinrebma erTs--</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edea,<br />meores-</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">i</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>asoni.<br />isini okeaneSi ukve gamoscades da moiwones. axlaxans wavikiTxe da<br />Sevityve, rom uaxlesi teqnikis gaumjobesebaze mzrunveli fizikosebis,<br />qimikosebis, biologebis sagangebo, umaRlesi jgufi Seqmnes </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">aSS</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>-Si<br />1959 wels, ssrk-is kosmosur dargSi dawinaurebis sapasuxod. aarCies<br />saukeTesoni saukeTesoTa Soris da daavales </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">aSS</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>-is<br />Tavdacvisa da samxedro saqmis sferos ganviTarebis kuTxiT yovelwliuri<br />vrceli samecniero angariSebis wardgena. es mrCevelTa sabWo 49<br />adamianisagan Sedgeboda, romelTa asaki 30-45 weli iy;o; Tavi<br />gamoiCines miRwevebiT da SemdgomSi ramdenime maTgani </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">n</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>obelis<br />premiiT dajildovda.isini muSaobdnen kompiuterebis,<br />internetis,nano-teqnologiebis(xoWos, kalias rom sajaSuSo magnitofons<br />amagreben ferdze, is dargia nano-teqnologia) Seqmnisa da<br />gaumjobesebis mimarTulebiT. maT Sesaxeb statiebs axlaxans gavecani,<br />manamde maTze araferi msmenoda. gamaoca iman, rom im jgufs Cveniani<br />kacis, Cveni mefe-qalis-</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edeas<br />meuRlis pativsacemad-,,</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">i</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>asoni”ewoda.<br />jgufis yoveli wevric iwodeba ,,iasonad”-es maTi Tanamdebobis<br />aRmniSnveli saxelwodebaa. </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">i</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>asoni<br />cnobismoyvare iyo, didi dasaxuli miznisaken iswrafvoda mTeli<br />mondomebiT, mTeli energiis CaqsoviT, dagegma saqme, Tadarigi daiWira,<br />argonavosnebad saukeTeso 49 gmiri SearCia TviTon, gemis agebazec,<br />sakvebiT uzrunvelyofazec, monawileTa gasamrjelozec TviTon izruna.<br />dasaxul mizans miaRwia da Cafiqrebuli ocneba mTlianad aisrula. am<br />mxriv is kaci CvenTvis misabaZia da misi saxeli Cvens jgufs amitom<br />ewodao- ganucxada iqaur Jurnalists jguf ,,</FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">i</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>asonebi”-s<br />xelmZRvanelma. es </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">aSS</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>-eli<br />iasonebi agrZeleben saqmianobas, ematebaT axalgazrda TanamSromlebi.<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">m</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edeasa<br />da </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">i</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>asonis<br />Tavgadasavals </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">aSS</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>-Si<br />miuZRvnes mravali wigni, saTeatro warmodgena, gadaiRes ramdenime<br />kinofilmi. am Temaze sxva dros mogaxsenebT. </FONT><FONT SIZE=5>m</FONT><FONT SIZE=4>edeas<br />mier Svilebis daxocva sinamdvilis gayalbebaa, gamiznulia am diadi<br />mefeqalisa da mkurnalis moRvaweobis misafuCeCeblad. imJamindeli diadi<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5>k</FONT><FONT SIZE=4>olxeTis// </FONT><FONT SIZE=5>a</FONT><FONT SIZE=4>iias//<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5>s</FONT><FONT SIZE=4>aqarTuelos saxelmwifos<br />dasamcireblad. </FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">n</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>aTela<br /></FONT><FONT SIZE=5><font size="5">f</font></FONT><FONT SIZE=4>ofxaZe<br /> </FONT></FONT><br /></P><br /><br>NATELA POPKHADZEhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13568269499155042696noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1993044457595238899.post-71123266393621374582009-09-05T03:36:00.001-07:002009-09-05T03:36:30.892-07:00Aiakartiiberiasforword<div class="Section1"><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">Aiakartiiberia</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">//Georgia</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">Soviet imperialism was Russian//M</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">u</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">scovite imperialism imposed on 1/6</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'; vertical-align:super"><font size="2">th</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> part of the earth. Head of the government of the Republic of Sakartvelo//Georgia, head of the Academy of Sciences of Sakartvelo//Georgia and other high officials were either simply sent from Moscow to take up high p</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">ositions and be slaves of the Mu</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">scovite russi</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">nspeaking dictators, or chosen and approved by the ruler of the USSR among communists living in Tbilisi</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> and hence obedient servants</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">. Vasil Mzhavanadze lived in Moscow for decades, married there the sister of the wife of Nikita Khrushch</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">v, and was a citizen of the Russian Federal Republic. By Nikita Khrushch</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">v’s putch in </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">March</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">1953 resulting in the assassination of Ioseb Jugashvili-Stalin, Lavrenti Beria and their followers, the ideological basis on which the USSR stood and the ideological glue of the USSR was destroyed. N.Khrushch</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">v</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> soon after he usurped the position of the head of the USSR,</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> summonned </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">by phone call </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">head of the Republic of Sakartvelo Aliosha//Alexandre Mirtskhulava from Tbilisi to the resort Sochi where he was on leave in summer in 1955. According to an article printed by A. Mirtskhulava himself in Tbilisi in the Kartuli//Georgian language, at an informal meeting</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> in the hotel</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> Khrushchov told </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">him</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> to write an official application to the government of the USSR saying that th</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">e Kartveli//Georg</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">ian nation//</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">’</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">Gruzinskii narod ‘ expresses and displays her good will and is ready to give two northern regions then being part of the Republic of Sakartvelo//Georgia to the Russian Federal Republic. Those regions including the highest mountain in western Eura</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">ia, Gigish known also as Ialbuzi and Elbrus were returned to Sakartvelo as indigenous historical area of Sakartvelo in 1943 after an appropr</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">ate discussion of that problem by historians and politicians at the special session in Moscow where members of the government of the USSR were present. The appropr</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">ate decision and a declaration were made to hand over, return those two northern areas back to Sakartvelo. On the day of </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">the informal talk of N.Khrushchev</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> with A. Mirtskhulava in 1955 in a governmental resort in Sochi, A</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">. Mirtskhulava told N. Khrushche</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">v that he would never write such a</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">n unjust </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> letter as Russia kept even more Kartvelian//Georgian areas since 1801 when the Russian emperor usurped the throne of the king of the Eastern Sakartvelo and exiled over 200 dignitaries( the Queen-mother, the queen, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">princes//tsareviches, their wives, daughters, sons, relatives, servaints</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> to various areas in Russia and in Siberia</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">. N. Khrushche</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">v </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">managed to </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">dismiss, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">replace A. Mirtskhulava </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">and sent</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> V. Mzhavanadze-a husband of the sister of N. Khrushch</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">v’s wife and thus his close </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">acquaintance-to become head of the Republic of Sakartvelo</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">. In textbooks </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">and on maps </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">printed in 1943-1955 Elbrus//Ialbuzi area is in the Republic of G</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">eorgia and that is what I was ta</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">ught at the lessons in geography at the no.1 school in Tbilisi-the best school ever. Without any public discussion </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">both</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> areas in the mountains were stolen from the Kartveli nation by N.Khrushch</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">ev’s cli</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">que. Diplomats, historians, linguists in the Republic of Sakartvelo have never applied officially to the SNG group of the former USSR , to the OSCE, to the UN on this problem. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">At the SNG </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">Commonwealth of Independent States </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">session </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">it </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">is possible to discuss this acute problem and make appropr</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">ate decisions, leading to the proper activity, returning those two areas back to the Republic of Georgia//Sakartvelo. Territorial disputes among former republics of the USSR are more easily resolved if the injustice was done no later than the year 1954. This is the modern law of the SNG. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">What and where is the indigen</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">ous Kartvelian</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">//Georgian</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">( better to say, AiaKartIberian) territory? The best answer is found in Mose Janashvili</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">’s</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">( 1855-1934) book ‘Saqartvelos istoria uudzvelesi droitgan 985 tslamde’( History of Saqartvelo from remote days to </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">the year </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">985), III edition, printed in Tbilisi in 1906 at ‘Shroma’ publishing house. He learned the cuneiform script and literature written in that script and translated Hamurabi’s law code, 20 texts of kings o</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">f</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> Chald</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">ea of IX-VI centuries BCE, investigated the Creta-Mikenean culture, the Faistos Disc inscription, translated</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> Mittannian</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">king </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">Tushratta’s letters to the pharao dating XIV century BCE. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">M. Janashvili</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> is buried at the pantheon on mount Mtatsminda in Tbilisi. Only most prominent </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">K</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">artvels find eternal repose there. Materials printed </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">in this book</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> are an attempt to tell the public at large in simplified terms that Aia is Cha</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">ld</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">ea, is Qardu//Kardu//Karduniash of the cuneiform inscriptions and that </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">the</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> Kardu nation//Kartveli//Qartveli, c</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">onsisting of</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> Suanmargals( Suans and Megrels) in remote days</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> created that kingdom and her civilization. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">Their modern representatives are ethnic </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">Georgians//Kartvels//</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">Aiakartiberians</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> (Kartvelians)</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> living in the Reoublic of Georgia//Karti//Aiakartiiberia</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">. These include </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">also </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">an unknown amount of persons that live beyond the Republic of </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">Sakartvelo//Georgia. I adhere to those persons that criti</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">cize publishers of a distorted a</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">ntikartvelian compilation called ‘Tskhovreba kartvelta da mepeta matta”( Life//history of the Kartveli nation and her kings). The northern river mentioned there as ‘Mdinare Mtsirisa Khazaretisa’ </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">//the River of the Lesser Khazaria </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">is in fact Khupani//Hupani//Hypanis that is now called Dnepr//Dniepr+river Bug nearby. That</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> area</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> is to the west of the peninsula called</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> Aia and/or Aiaia by the indigen</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">ous </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">population </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">formerly</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">, but</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> called Krim//Kirim by </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">new arrivals. Those are indigen</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">ous Aiakartiberian areas. Texts and maps attest it. Data on king Nebroti//Nimrod are fictitious and distort the truth in ‘Tskhovreba kartvelta da mepeta matta’. The cuneiformists add trouble to the interpretat</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">ion</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> of ancient texts by inventing new geographical </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">proper names</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> like ‘the Fertile Crescent’( coined by G. Breasted in 1956 and</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">, to the mis</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">fortun</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">e of readers,</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> widely used to this day). Samuel Kramer is very popular for publishing books for non-specialists concerning texts written in cuneiform script. He</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">, l</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">ike most other scientists, did not cling to the proper names, geographical names attested in the cuneiform script. He </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">substituted, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">changed those names by other words</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> that are not in the text</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">. This makes the interpretation and understanding of the texts even more difficult to most readers. The geographical proper names </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">testify</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> the role of th</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">is or that</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> nation that created them. Clinging to the original </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">text </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">while translating those </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">materials, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">texts in</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">to</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> modern languages is the best policy. </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">Natela Popkhadze</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Abecker'"><font size="4"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'1Times'"><font size="4"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'1Parisuli'"><font size="4"> </font></span></p></div><br>NATELA POPKHADZEhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13568269499155042696noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1993044457595238899.post-47645945231471322572009-09-02T11:12:00.001-07:002009-09-02T11:12:24.605-07:00Aiakartiiberiasforword<div class="Section1"><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">Aiakartiiberia</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="5">//Georgia</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">Soviet imperialism was Russian//M</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">u</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">scovite imperialism imposed on 1/6</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'; vertical-align:super"><font size="2">th</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> part of the earth. Head of the government of the Republic of Sakartvelo//Georgia, head of the Academy of Sciences of Sakartvelo//Georgia and other high officials were either simply sent from Moscow to take up high positions and be slaves of the Moscovite russi</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">nspeaking dictators, or chosen and approved by the ruler of the USSR among communists living in Tbilisi</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> and hence obedient servants</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">. Vasil Mzhavanadze lived in Moscow for decades, married there the sister of the wife of Nikita Khrushch</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">v, and was a citizen of the Russian Federal Republic. By Nikita Khrushch</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">v’s putch in </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">March</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">1953 resulting in the assassination of Ioseb Jugashvili-Stalin, Lavrenti Beria and their followers, the ideological basis on which the USSR stood and the ideological glue of the USSR was destroyed. N.Khrushch</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">v</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> soon after he usurped the position of the head of the USSR,</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> summonned </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">by phone call </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">head of the Republic of Sakartvelo Aliosha//Alexandre Mirtskhulava from Tbilisi to the resort Sochi where he was on leave in summer in 1955. According to an article printed by A. Mirtskhulava himself in Tbilisi in the Kartuli//Georgian language, at an informal meeting</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> in the hotel</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> Khrushchov told </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">him</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> to write an official application to the government of the USSR saying that th</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">e Kartveli//Georg</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">ian nation//</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">’</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">Gruzinskii narod ‘ expresses and displays her good will and is ready to give two northern regions then being part of the Republic of Sakartvelo//Georgia to the Russian Federal Republic. Those regions including the highest mountain in western Eura</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">ia, Gigish known also as Ialbuzi and Elbrus were returned to Sakartvelo as indigenous historical area of Sakartvelo in 1943 after an appropr</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">ate discussion of that problem by historians and politicians at the special session in Moscow where members of the government of the USSR were present. The appropr</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">ate decision and a declaration were made to hand over, return those two northern areas back to Sakartvelo. On the day of </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">the informal talk of N.Khrushchev</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> with A. Mirtskhulava in 1955 in a governmental resort in Sochi, A</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">. Mirtskhulava told N. Khrushche</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">v that he would never write such a</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">n unjust </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> letter as Russia kept even more Kartvelian//Georgian areas since 1801 when the Russian emperor usurped the throne of the king of the Eastern Sakartvelo and exiled over 200 dignitaries( the Queen-mother, the queen, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">princes//tsareviches, their wives, daughters, sons, relatives, servaints</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> to various areas in Russia and in Siberia</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">. N. Khrushche</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">v </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">managed to </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">dismiss, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">replace A. Mirtskhulava </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">and sent</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> V. Mzhavanadze-a husband of the sister of N. Khrushch</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">v’s wife and thus his close </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">acquaintance-to become head of the Republic of Sakartvelo</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">. In textbooks </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">and on maps </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">printed in 1943-1955 Elbrus//Ialbuzi area is in the Republic of G</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">eorgia and that is what I was ta</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">ught at the lessons in geography at the no.1 school in Tbilisi-the best school ever. Without any public discussion </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">both</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> areas in the mountains were stolen from the Kartveli nation by N.Khrushch</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">ev’s cli</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">que. Diplomats, historians, linguists in the Republic of Sakartvelo have never applied officially to the SNG group of the former USSR , to the OSCE, to the UN on this problem. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">At the SNG </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">Commonwealth of Independent States </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">session </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">it </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">is possible to discuss this acute problem and make appropr</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">ate decisions, leading to the proper activity, returning those two areas back to the Republic of Georgia//Sakartvelo. Territorial disputes among former republics of the USSR are more easily resolved if the injustice was done no later than the year 1954. This is the modern law of the SNG. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">What and where is the indigen</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">ous Kartvelian</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">//Georgian</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">( better to say, AiaKartIberian) territory? The best answer is found in Mose Janashvili</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">’s</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">( 1855-1934) book ‘Saqartvelos istoria uudzvelesi droitgan 985 tslamde’( History of Saqartvelo from remote days to </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">the year </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">985), III edition, printed in Tbilisi in 1906 at ‘Shroma’ publishing house. He learned the cuneiform script and literature written in that script and translated Hamurabi’s law code, 20 texts of kings o</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">f</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> Chald</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">ea of IX-VI centuries BCE, investigated the Creta-Mikenean culture, the Faistos Disc inscription, translated</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> Mittannian</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">king </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">Tushratta’s letters to the pharao dating XIV century BCE. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">M. Janashvili</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> is buried at the pantheon on mount Mtatsminda in Tbilisi. Only most prominent </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">K</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">artvels find eternal repose there. Materials printed </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">in this book</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> are an attempt to tell the public at large in simplified terms that Aia is Cha</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">ld</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">ea, is Qardu//Kardu//Karduniash of the cuneiform inscriptions and that </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">the</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> Kardu nation//Kartveli//Qartveli, c</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">onsisting of</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> Suanmargals( Suans and Megrels) in remote days</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> created that kingdom and her civilization. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">Their modern representatives are ethnic </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">Georgians//Kartvels//</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">Aiakartiberians</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> (Kartvelians)</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> living in the Reoublic of Georgia//Karti//Aiakartiiberia</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">. These include </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">also </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">an unknown amount of persons that live beyond the Republic of </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">Sakartvelo//Georgia. I adhere to those persons that criti</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">cize publishers of a distorted a</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">ntikartvelian compilation called ‘Tskhovreba kartvelta da mepeta matta”( Life//history of the Kartveli nation and her kings). The northern river mentioned there as ‘Mdinare Mtsirisa Khazaretisa’ </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">//the River of the Lesser Khazaria </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">is in fact Khupani//Hupani//Hypanis that is now called Dnepr//Dniepr+river Bug nearby. That</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> area</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> is to the west of the peninsula called</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> Aia and/or Aiaia by the indigen</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">ous </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">population </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">formerly</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">, but</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> called Krim//Kirim by </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">new arrivals. Those are indigen</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">ous Aiakartiberian areas. Texts and maps attest it. Data on king Nebroti//Nimrod are fictitious and distort the truth in ‘Tskhovreba kartvelta da mepeta matta’. The cuneiformists add trouble to the interpretat</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">ion</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> of ancient texts by inventing new geographical </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">proper names</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> like ‘the Fertile Crescent’( coined by G. Breasted in 1956 and</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">, to the mis</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">fortun</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">e of readers,</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> widely used to this day). Samuel Kramer is very popular for publishing books for non-specialists concerning texts written in cuneiform script. He</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">, l</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">ike most other scientists, did not cling to the proper names, geographical names attested in the cuneiform script. He </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">substituted, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">changed those names by other words</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> that are not in the text</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">. This makes the interpretation and understanding of the texts even more difficult to most readers. The geographical proper names </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">testify</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> the role of th</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">is or that</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> nation that created them. Clinging to the original </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">text </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">while translating those </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">materials, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">texts in</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">to</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> modern languages is the best policy. </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">Natela Popkhadze</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Abecker'"><font size="4"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'1Times'"><font size="4"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'1Parisuli'"><font size="4"> </font></span></p></div><br>NATELA POPKHADZEhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13568269499155042696noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1993044457595238899.post-56812693985478863502009-09-02T09:27:00.001-07:002009-09-02T09:27:17.176-07:00sauwyebelgagrzel<div class="Section1"><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">“sauwyebel ars eseca, romel dasabamsave Sina iveriisa eri sruliad yovelsa Sina iveriasa zraxvides qarTulsa,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">vinaidgan werilica[damwerloba] sruliad iverielTa, sazogadod, mxolod qarTuli aqvsT da uZvelesTaca Sina droTa yovelnive iverielni xmarobdenve amas, viTarca ixilvebis istoriaTaca Tana sxvaTa da sxvaTa da iveriisa mematianeTagan. matiane Zveli maeJan spaspetisa TqmulTagan gvauwyebs amas: ‘kninRa CvenTa amaT mTiurTa erTa—kavkasiurTa mravalTa erTa da pirTa sxvaTa da sxvaTa naTesavTagan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">( ucxoeli tomebis narCenebma)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">-- kninRa da garyvnes ena qarTlosianTa, romliTaca TviT pirveli igi mamai qarTlos,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">Zmani misni da yovelni STamomavalni misni damtkbar iyvnes; aw gardmosaxlebulni maT Soris sxvani ucxosa mxrisani aRspolvad maTgan[qarTlosianTagan] saTanado arian [aucilebelia ucxoeTis mxareebidan gadmosaxlebulTa –araqarTuelTa--aRspolva-iveriis miRma gasxma,gasaxleba],’ kvalad [garda amisa, aseve], moTxrobisagan juvanSir spaspetisa [cnobilia,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">rom]‘Tumca mefesa Cuensa winaSe moajeben[ixvewebian] ucxo mxrelni, romelnica ymad iveriisa samefosa Sewynarebul iqmnes winaparTa mefeTa da mmarTeblobaTagan zogi ZvelTa; magram awindelman aman brZanebiT mefisa,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">srulmflobelisa Cvenisa saganzraxoman,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">sarked yovelTa iverielTa wina daudves g a n d e v n a maTi; amis mizezisa gamo, vinadgan maT mier kninRa da ganiryvnis qarTlosianTa enai. maeJan spaspeti iyo Jamsa asfagur mefisa sruliad iveriis mpyroblisasa da mirian pirvelis mefobasca moeswra. ese maeJan qristesiT dasasrulsa mesamisa aswleulisa saukunes iyo, ese iyo bunebiT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">( dabadebit erovnebiT) </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">qarTueli,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">swavlulica da meistorie,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">spasalari mefeTa winaSe, romel ars feld-marSali. jovanSer spaspeti iyo didisa mis Rirs-saxsov</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">risa TviT-mpyrobelisa mefisa vaxtang-gorgaslanisa, swavluli da iveriisa istoriisa aRmweri(</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">eseca feld-marSali iyo).”</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4"> Mmefis Ze Teimuraz [iveriis mefis—giorgi mecametis vaJi, erekle meoris SviliSvili].istoria iveriisa. 1848w. 33.</font></span> </p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">am mefuri xedvis sapirispirod warimarTa momdevno xanis, gansakuTrebiT, 1910-iani wlebidan dawyebuli saqmianoba: Soreuli mxareebidam uamravi ucxoeli//araqarTveli Semoasaxles. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">sini ebrZvian qarTvelebs sityviT, kalmiT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">, uaxlesi saWurveliT//iaraRiT. moskovis mier daniSnuli xelisufali saqarTvelosi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">mudam </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">moskovur antiqarTul gezs misdevda xolme. Teimuraz mefis Zma daviTi, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">mefe aRmosavleT saqarTvelosi, SesaniSnavi qarTveli moRvawe iyo; gacnobierebuli hqonda yovelgvari sarwmunoebis mavnebloba da siyalbe. ruseTis viTomcda erTmorwmune imperatorma ar daayena samefo taxtze. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">xloblebianad gadaasaxla saqarTvelodan da Camosvla aukrZala. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">daviT mefe da misi Zma Teimurazi peterburgSi amyofa-Tvals adevnebda. maTi axloblebi zogi voroneJSi, zogi astraxanSi, zogi cimbirSi Caasaxla</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4"> da dahfanta</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">. ruseTis imperatorma dairqva saqarTvelos</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4"> iveriis mefe da sxva mitacebuli ararusuli miwebis mmarTveli. ruseTis imperatori pavle, ekaterine II-is Svili Tu naSvilebi kaci, sawolSi gagudes</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4"> msaxurebma Tu axloblebma</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">k</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">idev kargi, rom mokles, Torem ori dRis Semdeg ruseTis indoeTze galaSqrebas amzadebda da uamravi adamianis ubedurebas gamoiwvevda. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">sxvisi miwebis dapyrobiT gadidebuli ruseTi awuxebs msoflios. es mxatvarma asaxa naxatze. gamoqveynebulia ucxour wignSi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">ruseTis imperatori aleqsandre quCaSi aafeTqes. imperatori nikoloz meore, danieli mefisasulis, dagmaras Svili, colSvilianad daapatimres da Semdeg sardafSi yvelani daxvrites. dagmara naxevarkunZul aiaze( yirimi)</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">isvenebda imJamad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4"> da gadarCa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">isi da</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4"> inglisis dedofali iyo. man gamougzavna xomaldi. gemma dagmara mamiseul ojaxSi Caiyvana. is wlebis Semdeg gardaicvala da iqve dakr</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">Z</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">ales.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4"> 2006 wels </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">didi Tanxa gaatanes qars, rodesac </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">misi neSti gadmoasvenes ruseTSi. nikoloz meore wmindanad Seracxa ruseTis eklesiam. saqarTvelos saxelmwifoSi mdebare dawesebulebebSi, maT Soris, rusul eklesiebSi, romlebic ratomRac ar arian akrZalul-gauqmebulni, nikoloz II wmindanad ar unda iTvlebodes. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">werilobiT dadasturebulia, rom mefoba </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">aiaqarTiiberiis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">RvTaeba eam//aiam//enqim daadgina. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">z</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">ecidan dauSva samefo taxti, gvirgvini, kverTxi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">p</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">irveli mefis saxelia aluli, meoTxisa mesxi-aga-Seri</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">; </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">is xmelTaSua zRvamde mmarTvelobda. zRvaSi daiRupa. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">isi memkvidre iyo mefe lugalbanda. lugalbandas Semdgom mefobda gilgameSi. oriveni mTamsvlelebi iyvnen. maT mravali mTa gadaiares da masu//maSu tyup anu orwverian mTaze mividnen. es Zv.w. 2800-ian wlebSi moxda. mTamsvlelebi iyvnen momdevno mefeebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4"> da maTi Tanmxlebi pirebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">c. isini xSirad mogzaurobdnen.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">lugalbandas, gilgameSis cxovrebis ramdenime ambavi riTmuli leqsiT aRweres lursmanisebri//emegruli damwerlobiT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4"> maTi cxovrebis dros Tu momdevno xanaSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">sini iTargmna ramdenime amJamindel enaze da gamoqveynda. aiaqarTiberiis Cveuli mmar</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">velobis wesia </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">misi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">mefis mmarTveloba. marTalia, zogjer mefes mtrobdnen da ujanydebodnen, magram es iSviaTad xdeboda. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">janyebuli taxtis maZiebelic aucileblad didgvarovani, mefis STamomavali unda yofiliyo. didi mxaris xelisuflad uswavlels, saTanado mmarTvelobis uvic nacixar Raribs aravin daniSnavda. es 1920-ian wlebSi moxda ruseTSi da iq aRzevebulma garusebulma qarTvelma mravalerovani jariTurT sxvebTan erTad daipyro saqarTvelo. umefo eri upatrono arsebasaviT unugeSoao, aswavlidnen e-tufaSi Zv. w. meore aTaswleulSi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">eE=saxli; Senoba. tufi=tufi; Tixis fila, romelzec werdnen wkiriT dadgenilebebs, poemebs da sxva. gilgameSis ZvelTaZveli qandakeba arsebobs. misi asli daamzades da dadges aSS-Si pensilvaniis universitetis biblioTekis win, baRSi. marjvenaSi Zvel Zegl</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">ze aRbeWdili</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4"> maTraxis nacvlad saweri Tixis fila upyria.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4"> mSvenieri Zeglia da Zveli damwerlobis Seswavlis survils uRvivebs gamvlelebs. </font></span></p></div><br>NATELA POPKHADZEhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13568269499155042696noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1993044457595238899.post-67506663885615047352009-08-24T07:06:00.001-07:002009-08-24T07:06:58.639-07:00afxazsetisdarbazs<div class="Section1"><p style=" margin-left:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="2">NnaTela fofxaZe</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:30pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="2"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:30pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="2">qarT</font></b></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="2">i</font></b></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="2"> eris ‘afxazebad’ aRricxuli nawilis qarTuli TviTSegnebis</font></b></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="2">a</font></b></span></p><p style=" margin-left:30pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="2"> da</font></b></span> </p><p style=" margin-left:30pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="2">saqarTueloSi ssrk-is droidan SemorCenili mavne gadmonaSTebis aRmofxvris </font></b></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="2"> </font></b></span></p><p style=" margin-left:30pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="2"> sakiTxi</font></b></span> </p><p style=" margin-left:30pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="2"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="4">gamoCenilma mecnierma, strasburgis universitetis erovnebaTmcodneobis kaTedris gamgem, profesorma frederik diubua de monperem mowiwebiT moixsenia `diadi qarTveli eri, romelic istoriis dasabamidan cxovrobs kavkasiis yelze _ Savi, azovis zRvebidan kaspiis zRvamde da mimdebare mxareebSi, gulmodgined darajobs mas.</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="4"> ise, rogorc xeze miSvebul vazs</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="4"> grigali Trgunavs da vazi droebiT miwaze gaerTxmeba, gamodarebis Semdeg ki welSi swordeba da Zvel iers ibrunebs, aseve qarTveli eri (nasion, nacia) ucxoelebis Semosevebis Semdeg welSi Zveleburad imarTeba da aravis aZlevs imis uflebas, rom qarTvelebi TavianTi samSoblodan amoZirkvos~ (f. diubua. `vuaiaJ otur de kavkaz~ anu mogzauroba kavkasiaSi. parizi. 1839 w. wigni 1. frangul enaze).</font></i></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">samwuxarod, kulturuli qarTi//aiasuanmargalilazi eri xmelTaSua zRvis sanapirodan Suaaziis nawilamde rom ZvelTaganve mosaxleobda da ramdenime saxeliT hqonda daarsebuli saxelmwifoebi, diaxac, rom zogan amoZirkves, zogan ki ZalmomreobiT gadaajiSes, gadaagvares Soridan Semoseulma sxvadasxva juris velurebma, daaqveiTes Cvenianebis kultura, yofa, moipares Cvenianebis istoria, kultura, miwa-wyali da amiT amayoben. T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">u f. diubua qarTvelebs diad (veliki narod , grand nasion) ers gviwodebda, qarTveli meCeqmis da msaxuri qalis Raribi Svili ioseb juRaSvili misi samSoblos dampyrob rusebs uwodebda diad ers da es gansazRvreba ise myarad daumkvidra rusebs, rom aTwleulebis manZilze am gansazRvrebis gareSe rusebis xsenebas bevri ver bedavda. ruseTis imperatoris droSaze ruseTis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">saxelmwifos </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">daarsebis TariRad 875 welia amoqarguli. imxanad ki saqarTvelos mravalaTaswlovani istoria, saxelmwifoebrioba, kultura gaaCnda. ruseTis mefeebi didxans uxdidnen xarks yirimis xanebs da qarTveli didebulis _ </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">erekle//herakle//</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">nikoloz daviTis Ze bagrationis Svilma petrem (petre pirvelma didma, ruseTis mefem ) Seuwyvita xanebs xarkis gadaxda. yirimis saxano SeebrZola monRolebs da gandevna, riTac ruseTmac isargebla da monRolebis uRlisgan TavisTavad, uomrad ganTavisuflda. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">Karga xanis Semdeg petre pirvelma Tavi imperatorad gamoacxada. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">samwuxarod, qarTveli bolSevikebi SemouZRvnen ruseTis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">mravalerovan </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">jars saqarTveloSi da daamxes saqarTvelos respublika, rasac qarTveli eri maT arasodes ar miutevebs.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4"> antiqarTul teroristul </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">jguf</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4"> ruseT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">is dedaqalaq moskovSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4"> rusul</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4"> enaze Seadgines</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4"> e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">greTwodebuli</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">‘</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">afxazeTis respublikis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">’</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4"> konstitucia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4"> da</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4"> saxelmwifo enad </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">Caweres</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">egreTwodebuli ‘</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">afxazuri</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">’</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4"> (gulisxmoben absuurs) ena da rusuli ena. 1995 wlis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4"> yovlad uvargisi, antiqarTuli-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4"> saqarTuelos axali konstituciiT afxazeTSi saxelmwifo ena </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">‘</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">afxazuri da qarTulia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">’</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4"> . afxazuri ena ar arsebobs. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">am erTi magaliTiTac</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4"> cxadia, rom simarTle aRsadgenia da uTavboloba aRsakveTia. aTaswleulebis manZilze samefos saxiT saqarTuelos arsebobis xanaSi saxelmwifo ena afxazeTSic da danarCen saqarTveloSic qarTuli iyo. mxolod qarTuli ena iyo saxelmwifo ena saqarTvelos demokratiul respublikaSic 1921 wlamde _ ruseTidan bolSevikebis jaris Semosevamde. D</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">noe Jordanias mTavrobis danaSaulia azerbaijanis respublikisa da armeniis respublikis ZirZvel mravalaTswlovan qarTul miwaze daarsebaze Tanxmoba. erTaligis ltolvilTa komisiis xelmZRvanelma, ganaTlebiT zRvis cxovelebis mkvlevarma norvegielma fridtiof nansenma Zala daatana Jordanias. Cavsva teqsti. d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">Res qarTveli afxazebis adamianis ufleba mSobliuri qarTuli enis gamoyenebis sakiTxSi fexqveS gaTelilia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">. Mputinis mier cxumSi daniSnuli teroristebi maT ukrZalaven qarTulad laparaksac, swavlasac</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">. aucileblad migvaCnia </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">gaeros, euTos mier </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">saqarTvelos </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">respublikad aRiarebul </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">nawilSi _ afxazeTSi-- sxva xalxis _ absua </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">erovnuli jrufis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4"> ( romlis gansazRvra da gamorCeva sxva </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">araqarTveli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">xiznebisagan aravis ar SeeZlo winaT da arc dRes aravis ar SeuZlia) mSobliuri enisaTvis afxazeTSi saxelmwifo enis statusis CamorTmeva Semdeg garemoebaTa gamo: saqarTvelos istorikosebis danaSaulia is, rom ssrk-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">s mosaxleobis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">zogierT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">aRwer</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">Si qarTvelebs aRricxavdnen xolme mavneblurad da mcdarad: qarTvelebi, aWarlebi, svanebi, lazebi, megrelebi, afxazebi, TuSebi, imerlebi. amiT aWarlebi, svanebi, lazebi, megrelebi afxazebi da sxva qarTvelebi iTiSebodnen saerTo qarTveluri sxeulidan. 1926 wlis ssrk-s mosaxleobis aRweris dros saqarTvelos statistikuri sammarTvelos koleqtivma daiwuna ssrk mecnierebaTa akademiis mier SemuSavebuli sqema da saqarTvelos xelisuflebas sTxova, rom lazebi, svanebi, megrelebi, aWarlebi aRericxaT calk-calke, rac ukve gakeTda, magram bolos SeejamebinaT da CaerToT ujredSi `qarTvelebi~: maT Soris aWarlebi, svanebi, megrelebi, lazebi. saqarTvelos xelisuflebam am TxovniT mimarTa ssrk-s xelisuflebas da Tanxmoba miiRo. oficialurad gamoqveynda masala saqarTvelos T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">xovnis Sesabamisad. samwuxarod,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4"> qarTvelebis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">miRma, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">gareT--gariyulad aRricxes afxazebad Cawerili qarTvelebi,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">romlebic dRemde afxazebad saerTod aRricxuli adamianebis---</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">4</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">0 000-mde sulis 85%-s Seadgenen. afxazebad aRricxuli pirebidan araqarTvelebi xuTi aTasic ki ar iqnebod</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4"> 1993 wlis omamde, xolo dRes am xuTi aTasidan naxevaric ki ar iqneba cocxali. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="4">afxazi qarTvelis kuTxuri, Sinauruli saxelia, rogorc raWveli, guruli; afxazebis dedaena qarTulia.</font></i></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">dRes saqarTvelos xelisufleba afxazebs araqarTvel absuebad ganixilavs, rac dasagmobia, radgan sinamdvilis usulgulo gayalbebas efuZneba da mravali cnobis damaxinjebas emyareba.MmagaliTad:</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">1. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">Pirveli da mTavari</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">a romis imperiis didmoxelis, pliniusis (I s) cnoba absuaTa uralSi—da ara dRes afxazeTad wodebul mxareSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">cxovrebaze</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4"> I s-Si; 2. meorea qarTul wyaroSi _ `Tamar mefis cxovreba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">-istoriani da azmani SaravandedTani</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">~ _ daculi cnoba misi vaJis, giorgisaTvis, metsaxelad `laSas~ wodebis Sesaxeb, viTomda `afxazTa~ enaze.</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4"> istorikosebma ( didi mkvlevaris—pavle ingoroyvas garda) orive es cnoba gaayalbes, qarTvelebs xizani absuebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4"> da absuebad aRricxuli qarTvelebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4"> daupirispires da msoflio moatyues, rac samarcxvinod aisaxa gaerTianebuli erebis organizaciis mier saqarTvelos nawilis _ afxazeTis sakiTxze miRebul yvela dadgenilebasa da gancxadebaSi da isini uTavbolobis (uazrobis) nimuSebad aqcia, riTac gaeros saxeli gautyda.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">ssrk-s xanaSi qarTvelebs TiSavdnen svanebad, megrelebad, aWarlebad da sxva, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="4">xolo rusebs siamovnebiT umatebdnen nair-nairi erovnebis milionobiT adamians. 1959 wlis ssrk-s aRweris mixedviT, aTma milionma ararusma mSobliur enad rusuli ena aRiara. saqarTveloSi aTiaTasobiT aseTi rusul enaze metyveli adamiani Semosaxlda ssrk-s arsebobis dros da swored isini eomebian qarTvelebs saqarTvelos (maT Soris, afxazeTisac) ruseTisaTvis misaerTeblad.</font></b></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4"> faqtia, rom es didi masa arc saqarTvelos eklesias ar emorCileba da umarTav jgufs warmoadgens, maT amoxoces an garekes afxazeTis xelisufleba.Aam umarTavi ucxotomelTa masis saqarTvelodan mSvidobianad, kanonis Tanaxmad gayvana aucilebelia; maT Soris arian TurqeTidan me-20 saukuneSi droebiT TavSefarebis pirobiT evropisorganizaciebisa da ‘erTa ligis’ saqarTvelos mimarT iZulebiT Semoxiznuli araqarTvelebi, romelTa TurqeTis mTavrobis mier mowyobili genocidi aSS-m, argentinam, safrangeTma, evropis sabWom da sxvebma cnes. </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa akademiis istoriis institutis mecnierTa samarcxvinod, aRvniSnavT, rom 1988 wels afxazeTis ruseTTan mierTebis survilis gamo Seqmnili daZabulobis mizezis gamosarkvevad, ,araorganuli qimiisa da eleqtroqimiis institutis patentTmcodnem, inglisuri enis specialistma, naTela borisis asulma fofxaZem, mraval sxva naSromTa Soris--waikiTxa mTavari sabuTi _ romaeli didmoxelis _ pliniusis mier I s-Si gamoqveynebuli msoflios aRwera da SeamCnia, rom</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4"> leningradelma. Moskovelma, Tbiliselma, cxumelma, londonelma</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4"> istorikosebma sazogadoeba moatyues _ pliniusma absua eTnosis samosaxlo dRevandel afxazeTSi (maSin mas egrisi erqva) ki ara, Sors _ uralis m\Teb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">Tan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4"> moixsenia. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">Iqac ZirZveli saqarTvelo yofila, rac axlaxan Sevityve pirveli saukunis periodSi mcxovrebi romis imperiis didmoxeleebis tacitusis, pomponius melas geografiuli aRwerebiT. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">garda amisa, pliniusma qarTvelebis miwa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">wy</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">lis nawilad moixsenia mTeli CrdiloeT kavkasiac, sadac dRes ruseTia- da kaspiis zRvis Crdilo-dasavleTi da dasavleTi sanapiroc, sadac mxo;od 1918 wels Seiqmna</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">, isic usamarTlod,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4"> politikuri erTeuli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">zerbaijanis saxelwodebiT, xolo azerbaijaneli eris cneba mxolod 1940ian wlebSi gamoigones moskovSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4"> da SemdgomSi gaavrceles</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">. pliniusis Tanamedrove meore didmoxelem, pomponius melamac dawera msoflios aRwera, sadac qarTvelebi ‘georgielebis’ saxeliT Crdilo-dasavleT kaspiispireTSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">, sadac misma megobarma plinius ufrosma SemdgomSi ‘absua’ axsena werilobiT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4"> (sadac dRes ruseTis navTobsadeni gadis), mkvidr mosaxleobad moixsenia da iqauri miwawyali-saqarTuelod. vimeorebT, rom romis imperatoris davalebiT Sedgenil msoflios aRweraSi pliniusma qarTvelebiT dasaxlebul mkvidr miwa-wylad moixsenia mTeli aRmosavaleTi SavizRvispireTi, Crdilo-dasavleTi da dasavleTi kaspiispireTi (sadac dRes daRestani anu ‘mTianeTi’ da azerbaijania). arcerTi sxva eTnosi, romelic dRes aRniSnul mxareebSi cxovrobs, arc pliniuss, arc pomponius melas ar uxsenebia da qarTvelebs am mxareebSi pirveli, uadresi, ZirZveli mosaxleobis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">ufleba aqvT. vimeorebT, rom sabW</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">oTa istorikosebma pliniusis cnoba </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="4">Secvales</font></b></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4"> da msoflio moatyues.</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">meore cnobac iseve daamaxinjes istorikosebma, rogorc pirveli. kerZod, Tamar mefis cxovrebis bevr xelnawerSi sinamdvileSi sityva `laSas~ ar axlavs ganmarteba, rom is e.w. ‘afxazTa enaze’ `ganmanaTlebels soflisas~ niSnavs. didma mecnierma, pavle ingoroyvam jer 1947 wels Jurnal “mnaTobSi”, 1954 wels ki Tavis wignSi--`giorgi merCule~-aRniSna, rom mxolod erT-- mogviano, me-18 saukunis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="4">Semdeg </font></b></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">ga</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">daweril</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4"> Tamar mefis cxovrebis teqstSi weria, rom ‘laSa’ `ganmanaTleblad soflisa iTargmanebis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="4">afsarTa</font></b></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4"> eniTa” (da ara _ </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="4">afxazTa</font></b></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4"> eniTa, rogorc mogvatyues sabWoTa istorikosebma). es `afsarTa eniTa~ weria ara mTavar teqstSi, rogorc </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">sabWoTa mkvlevarebma</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4"> icrues, aramed, calke _ </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="4">gverdis aSiaze sxva xeliT</font></b></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">gviandeli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="4">minaweris saxiT</font></b></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">. es minaweri ki swored imas amtkicebs, rom me-18 saukuneSic ki ‘</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="4">absarTa’</font></b></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4"> ena ewodeboda araqarTul enas da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="4">ara afxazuri</font></b></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">, xolo is, Tu sad cxovrobdnen absarebi, qarTul wyaroebSi saerTod ar weria. msoflios romel kuTxeSi mosaxleobdnen absarebi, isic ki ucnobi iyo qarTveli avtorebisaTvis da niko marma, arnold Ciqobavam, Tamaz gamyreliZem, giorgi qsenofontov</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">ma</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">—meliqiSvilma, zurab anCabaZem, ediSer xoStaria-Bbrosem, qeTevan lomTaTiZem, zurab papasqirma, giorgi ZiZariam, venor qvaCaxiam, dimitri guliam, givi rogavam da sxva qarTvelebma Tavi Seircxvines saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg mimarTuli cru varaudebiT da afxazeTSi jer dapirispireba, Semdeg ki omi gamoiwvies. istoriis gamyalbebeli v. arZinba Tamaz gamyreliZem</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">, grigol giorgaZem</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4"> da giorgi qsenofontovma Seqmnes, is maTi namowafaria, riTac saqarTvelo gaaubedures da daamxes. arZinbas araferi iseTi ar gamouqveynebia, rac manamde mis am qarTvel maswavleblebs ar dauweriaT. Uucnauria, rom v. arZinbas akritikeben, xolo g. qsenofontov--meliqiSvili didubis panTeonSi dakrZales axlaxan, ediSer broses ki gamorCeuli da gamonaklisi wesiT mianiWes istoriis dargSi akademikosis wodeba.</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4"> saqarTvelos mamuliSviluri gznebiT mSromeli istorikosebi sWirdeba, aseTebi arian, magram maT gasaqans ar aZleven. wels saetapo mniSvnelobis gamokvleva gamoaqveyna gamoCenilma mecnierma, batonma ramaz patariZem, Zveli welTaRricxvis mesame saukuneSi qvaze nakveTi qarTuli warwerisa da kalendris sakiTxebze. Mmecnierma zurab qafianiZem saetapo wigni Seqmna qarTul anbanze, arqeologma- batonma givi eliavam saetapo gamokvlevebi Seqmna</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">, gia qvaSilavam festos diskos warwera gaSifra</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">. aseTi mkvlevarebi unda xelmZRvanelobdnen mecnierebaTa akademiasac da institutebsac da maSin mSvidobianad gadawydeba yvela saWirboroto sakiTxi.</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">qarTvel afxazebTan erTad, sxva, araqarTveli pirebic aRiricxnen afxazebad, xolo e.w. ‘afxazur’ anu afsuaTa enaze Sedgenil sabuTebSi isini aRricxes araqarTvel absuebad, romelTa mSobliuri ena aris absua ena--romelsac absuuris garda, sxva enebze _ qarTulad, rusulad, frangulad, italiurad, germanulad, iaponurad, Cinurad da sxva—me-19 s.-is meore naxevridan saqarTvelos mtrebma mcdarad ‘afxazuri’ ena uwodes. TurqeTSi absuebs aqamde ara ‘afxazebad’, aramed abazebad moixseniebdnen, maT enas ki ‘abazurs’ uwodebdnen. magaliTad, prof. SuSana futkaraZis saetapod sayuradRebo wignSi—“Cveneburebis qarTuli”—weria, rom SavSeTis qarTul sofelSi, erT mandilosans dananebiT uTqvams 1995 wels misTvis—‘eifunCxen a b a z e b i-o?’—afxazeTSi oms gulisxmobda (gv. 45). dRes ki ukve absuas Turqul Jurnal “CveneburSic” ‘abhaz’-ad axseneben absuebsac da qarTvel afxazebsac. siriidan aSS-Si Casaxlebuli vinme iahia kazani, akad. SoTa MmisabiSvilis sityviT, msoflios 5 milioni viTomcda “afxazi”-saTvis ormag moqalaqeobas, afxazeTSi maTs Camosaxlebas, afxazeTSi oTxi saxelmwifo enis SemoRebas (qarTulis, absuuris, rusulis da inglisuris) moiTxovs, rac aisaxa axlaxan gaeros xelmZRvanelisadmi gagzavnil da internetiT gamoqveynebul misi masaJis s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">aqmis mcodne vaJis--inal y</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">azanis gancxadebaSi (ixileT ‘abxazia.org’ gesTbuq, 2002 wlis 28 ivlisis masala). Mmanve didZali fuliT iaraRi uyida 1993 wels saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg mebrZolebs. aSS-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">is xelisufleba inal ya</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">zanis afxazeTSi gaprezidentebas aZalebs saqarTvelos. sinamdvileSi absua eTnoss afxazeTSi ar ucxovria bolo dromde da axlac umniSvnelo da gaurkveveli raodenobiT cxovrobs afxazeTis mxareSi da, saerTod, saqarTveloSi. 1953 wels kavkasiaTmcodneobis vladikavkazSi mowyobili konferenciis samecniero krebulSi imas, rasac am statiaSi absuur enas vuwodebT, ‘abazuri enis absuuri kilos’ saxeliT moixseniebda yirimeli enaTmecnieri kliCevi. afxazeTze mcdari teqstia TviT sanaqebod miCneul 1946 wels TbilisSi gamoqveynebul saqarTvelos istoriis saxelmZRvaneloSic ki (ivane javaxiSvilis (maSin eqvsi wlis gardacvlili iyo), simon janaSias, niko berZeniSvilis avtorobiT). sxva sakiTxebze didebulad, magram afxazebis raobaze mruded msjelobda gamoCenili geografi prof. levan maruaSvili 1990 wels gamoqveynebul statiaSi., sadac afxazebad afsuebs gulisxmobda, Tumca, afxazi rom qarTvelia da ara afsua, cxadia, icoda (iseTi kavkasieli swavluli SevarcxvineT, romelsac afxazebis qarTvelobaSi eWvi epareba)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4"> qarTveli eris swavlulebis calkeuli warmomadgenlebi ganuwyvetliv cdilobdnen am uTavbolobis, Seusabamobis, sicruis, siyalbis aRmofxvras da simarTlis aRdgenas, ramac Sedegi gamoiRo da 1943 wels qarTveli eris darRveuli ufleba aRsdga ialbuzis (fasis) mTis, q. qluxoris mxareebSi—saqarTvelos xelisuflebisa da qarTveli afxazis—lavrenti berias mondomebiT saqarTvelos daubrunes winaT ruseTis mier mitacebuli es mxareebi da iq qarTuli suli da qarTveloba aaRorZines, ‘afxazi erovnebis’ pirebad (absuas mniSvnelobiT) aRricxul mraval qarTvels aRudgines qarTuli TviTSegneba. qarTueli bavSvebi qarTul skolebSi gadaiyvanes mSoblebma rusuli skolebidan. aRorZinda iq qarTuli meurneoba. saubedurod, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">maRalCinosani </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">qarTvelebis—ssrk-s xelmZRvanelis--ioseb juRaSvilis da ssrk-s Sinagan saqmeTa ministris--lavrenti berias _ ori qarTveli didmoxelis-- rusebis mier mokvdinebis Semdeg ssrk-s axalma meTaurma _ nikita xruSCovma saqarTvelos waarTva 1943 wels misTvis dabrunebuli qarTuli mxareebi qluxorisa da ialbuzis mxareebSi ( ialbuzis mxare samarTlianad miakuTvnes svaneTis mestiis raions), xolo afxazebis araqarTvel absuebad isev gamocxadeba ssrk-s saxelmwifos doneze moaxdina. ssrk-s xelisuflebis didmoxeleebis davalebiT, qarTvelma dimitri guliam da sxvebma imxanad mimarTes ssrk-s xelisuflebas TxovniT, raTa afxazeTi ruseTisTvis mieerTebina, rogorc, viTomcda, araqarTueli afxazebis samSoblo. manamde ki- 1951 wels imave dimitri guliam gamoaqveyna broSura rogorc qarTul, aseve rusul enaze cxumSi, afxazeTis saxelmwifo gamomcemlobaSi, saTauriT _ `Cemi wignis _ afxazeTis istoriis Sesaxeb~, romelSic aRiara, rom `afxazebi igive qarTvelebi arian~, abxazi te Je gruzini (gv. 9-10, Sesabamisad) da moibodiSa imis gamo, rom winaT werda, viTomcda afxazebi qarTvelebi ar arian da afrikidan Camosaxldnen afxazeTSi (gv.7). afxazebis araqarTuelebad gamocxadebisas mTavar sabuTad moxmobilia xolme romaeli didmoxelis _ pliniusis enciklopediidan cnoba absua xalxis viTomcda im dros (I s.) afxazeTis samxreT mcire nawilSi mosaxleobis Sesaxeb, sinamdvileSi ki, rogorc 1988 wlis bolos, qarTvelma mTargmnelma da patentmcodnem- naTela fofxaZem gamoiZia, pliniusma absuebi uralis mosaxleobad moixsenia (pliniusi `naturalis istoria~, t. 2, wigni 6, Tavi 15. loeb qlesiqal laibseri-s gamocema, londoni, h. reqemis redaqtorobiT) (ix. ruka da qseroasli laTinur, germanul, inglisur, frangul enebze). imave n. fofxaZem 1999 wlis 14 ivniss internetiT miakvlia or Zvel rukas (1562 wlis da 1600 wlis), sadac afsuebi miTiTebuli arian azovis zRvis CrdiloeTiT mdebare velebze, da ara maSindel cxumi-biWvinTa-gagris mxareSi, romelsac maSin samegrelo erqva--da ara afxazeTi. 1562 wlis ruka londonelma entoni jenkinsma Seadgina da</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">zed ‘afsua’ aRniSna, 1600 wlis ruka ki saxelovanma holandielma geografma _ jodoqus hondiusma, romelmac, marTalia, afsua arsad ar axsena (Cans, es tomi maSin ukve daSlili iyo da aRar arsebobda), magram isev azovis zRvis CrdiloeTiT, Tumca odnav aRmosavleTiT, aRniSna sityva `akua~, romelic nikola vitsenis, ioan ioansonis cnob</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">il or rukazec iqvea aRniSnuli. s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">aerTaSoriso geografiuli sazogadoebis mier internetiT gamoqveynebuli masaliT-rukebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">, teqstebiT dadgenilia absuaTa amJamindeli samosaxlo mxare da is Zveleburad, rogorc uwin, uralSia-Sua uralSi, sadac CrdiloeT uralidan |Casaxldnen. afsuaTa SedarebiT axali dasaxlebebia kavkasiis CrdiloeTi winam|Tebis |Crdiloe|T Sevakebaze—imave saer|Ta|Soriso organizaciis monacemebiT.Ees da sxva masalebi asabuTebs imas, rom dRes afxazeTs oficialurad mcdarad ewodeba afsni (afsua enaze), xolo ZirZvel qarTul qalaq cxums (soxums) sabWoTa xanaSi da Semdgomac mcdarad ewodeba absuaTa enaze ‘akua’; rom afsuaTa ena 1995 wlis saqarTvelos konstituciaSi SecdomiT aris aRiarebuli afxazebis enad da--rac didad aRmaSfoTebelia--saxelmwifo enad afxazeTSi. kidev mravali sxva sabuTi arsebobs imis dasamtkiceblad, rom afxazi afsuas saxeli ar iyo da arc unda iyos, rom afxazebad dRes aRricxuli isedac mcire adamianebis raodenobis 85% Cveulebrivi qarTvelebi arian, umTavresad megruli jgufisa. Mmetic, xSirad erTi dedmamis zogi Svili qarTvelad Caweres, zogi ki—erovneba afxazis warmomadgenlebad (absuas mniSvnelobiT). saqarTveloze omis gamoucxadeblad 1992 wels Tavdasxmis Semdeg sxva qveynebis( ruseTis, ukrainis da sxva) aviaciam, artileriam Caxoca, daWra afxazeTis, aseve mezobeli qarTuli mxareebis--mkvidri qarTveli mosaxleoba. mravalma arasamTavrobo organizaciam, kerZo pirma moiTxova 1920ian wlebSi gamogonebul ‘afxaz’ erovnebad aRricxuli qarTvelebis qarTvelebad aRricxva (radgan afxazi qarTvelebis kuTxuri saxelia), amasTan, araqarTveli anu cru ‘afxazebis’ TavianT namdvil erovnebad aRricxva, amiT saqarTvelos mter ucxoelebs xelidan gamoeclebodaT omis sababi _ qarTvelebisagan viTomcda araqarTveli afxazi eris dacva. aseTi mravali Txovna gamoqveynda saqarTvelos presaSi, broSurebSi, internetiT, ramac Sedegi gamoiRo da jer saqarTvelos erovnulma akademiam (arasamTavrobo organizaciam) ganixila, Semdeg afxazeTis mecnierebaTa akademiam, Semdeg ki, 2002 wlis 25 ivliss, afxazeTis avtonomiuri respublikis umaRlesi sabWos sesiam moismina moxseneba, imsjela da miiRo am sakiTxze sagangebo dadgenileba, romelic gamoqveynda mraval gazeTSi, iTargmna rusul da inglisur enebze da daegzavna saerTaSoriso organizaciebs. simarTlis aRsadgenad, vfiqrobT, aucilebelia kidev erTi nabijis gadadgma: sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba imis Taobaze, rom moxda Secdoma (an danaSauli) da qarTvelebis nawili _ afxazebi (afxazi afxazeTis mxareSi mcxovrebi qarTvelebis Sinauruli, kuTxuri saxelia, rogorc guruli, raWveli)-- mcdarad gaupirovnda ucxo eTnoss afsuas, romlis warmomadgenlebis raodenoba 1989 wels afxazebad aRricxuli pirebis 40 aTasian masaSi ,,savaraudod, 3 aTass ar aRemateboda. afxazebi, iseve, rogorc 1939 wlis ssrk-s aRwerisas calke--araqarTvelebad mcdarad aRricxuli aWarlebi, svanebi, megrelebi, lazebi CarTes—aseve unda CarTon qarTvelebis jgufSi da maT mSobliur enad qarTuli unda aRiaron—yvelam icis qarTuli. absua eTnosis mSobliur enad darCeba absua ena, romelsac imdenive (da ara meti) yuradReba unda mieqces saqarTveloSi, ramdenic--taliSurs, taturs, udurs da sxva aramkvidrTa enebs. am sakiTxze (afxazi qarTvelia da absua ar aris), naTela fofxaZem waikiTxa ori moxseneba istorikos-bizantmcodneTa msoflio yrilobaze moskovSi 1991 wlis 12 agvistos or sxvadasxva sxdomaze, aseve 2000 wlis 8 agvistos --norvegiis dedaqalaq osloSi saistorio kvlevaTa msoflio kongresze, romelic istoriis gamyalbebelTa winaaRmdeg da siyalbeTa aRmofxvris mizniT Catarda. iqve saCivari-gancxadeba gadasca istoriis gayalbebis winaaRmdeg Seqmnil saerTaSoriso organizacias, romlis Tavmjdomare, profesori fransua bedarida (safrangeTidan) kongresis saorganizacio komitetis wevri iyo. am sakiTxze gamoqveynda 50-ze meti statia, mimarTvebi gaerosadmi, euTosadmi, broSurebi qarTul, inglisur da rusul enebze. gaiTvaliswines ra Cveni da sxvaTa ( batonebis: sergi sajaias, Temur gugeSaSvilis, dimitri qeburias, ilia arqanias, revaz salias, biZina TavaZis, vaxtang sarTanias, nodar naTaZis, q-nebis--guliko uruSaZis, lora gadilias da sxvaTa mimarTvebi, gamoqveynda afxazeTis avtonomiuri respublikis umaRlesi sabWos sesiis 2002 wlis 25 ivlisis dadgenileba , romelic yvelam unda gaviTavisoT. masSi weria: miRebul iqnas cnobad, rom Crdilo-dasavleT saqarTveloSi---afxazeTSi, ruseTis caristuli da bolSevikuri diversiebisa da eTnofabrikaciebis [cru erovnebebis gamogonebis] politikis Sedegad gayalbebul iqna sityva “afxazis” Sinaarsi da qarTvelTa samxareo sadaurobis aRmniSvneli es saxeli oficialur erovnebad daudginda bolo dros am teritoriaze Crdilo kavkasiidan imigrirebul (Semoxiznul) mosaxleobas, romelic Tavis Tavs “afsua”-s uwodebs. am qmedebiT--saxel “afxazi”-s gamoyenebis ufleba waerTva adgilobriv qarTvel mosaxleobas, riTac SesaZlebeli gaxda mkvidri qarTveli mosaxleobis, rogorc TiTqosda “arasatitulos” diskriminacia afxazeTSi--misadmi mizanmimarTuli represiebis CaTvliT. diskriminciam ganapiroba mkvidri qarTvelebis mniSvnelovani nawilis iZulebiTi asimilacia [gadagvareba] politikuri, socialuri, samsaxurebrivi da sxva Seviwroebisagan Tavis dacvis mizniT. Mmravali aTasi qarTveli iZulebuli gaxda uareyo Tavisi erovnebis aRmniSvneli termini ‘qarTveli’ da erovnebad mieRo ‘afxazi’ am sityvis axali, gayalbebuli mniSvnelobiT, rusulad ‘abxazec’, afsuur enaze—‘afsua’. 1917 wlamde aseTive politikas eweoda didmpyrobeluri ruseTis mmarTveloba, saxeldobr, teritoriuli kuTvnilebis (sadaurobis) aRmniSvneli termini ‘afxazi’ miekuTvneboda an mxolod ‘afsuas’, an, masTan erTad, adgilobriv qarTvelsac, magram mxolod im pirobiT, Tu misi dokumentebidan amoiricxeboda sityva ‘qarTveli’. ‘afxazebisaTvis’ (am sityvis axali, xelovnuri mniSvnelobiT) dawesebuli Zalian didi SeRavaTebi vrceldeboda mxolod am or kategoriaze. Aaqedan gamomdinare, 1917 wlamde arsebuli, Semdeg ki 1921—1990 wlebis represiuli reJimis simwvavis gaTvaliswinebiT , afxazeTis mkvidri qarTveli mosaxleoba aRiarebul iqnas rusuli caristuli da bolSevikuri represiebisa da teroris msxverplad. 2. istoriuli samarTlianobis aRdgenis, sizustis da afsua xalxis terminologiuri tradiciisadmi pativiscemis mizniT Catardes sainformacio-saganmanaTleblo RonisZiebebis cikli saxel ‘afxazis’ WeSmariti mniSvnelobiT gamoyenebis aRsadgenad—rogorc saqarTvelos Crdilo-dasavleTi mxaris—afxazeTis mkvidri qarTveli mosaxleobis aRmniSvnelisa. ganemartos afxazeTis mosaxleobas da msoflios sazogadoebriobas imis aucilebloba, rom xalxs, romelic Tavis enaze Tavis Tavs uwodebs ‘afsuas’, magram oficialuri terminologiiT danarCen enebze usafuZvlod ewodeba ‘afxazi’, oficialur sxvaenovan terminologiaSic unda aRudges TviTsaxelwodeba ‘afsua’, romelic dResac da istoriuladac misi vinaobis erTaderTi da , amdenad, yovelmxriv sapatio ucvleli (ualternativo) gamomxatvelia. saxelwodebis es dazusteba aRmofxvris afxazeTis mosaxleobis SiSis da undoblobis erTerT mizezs da mTavar dabrkolebas qarTvel da afsua mosaxleobas Soris. 3. cneba ‘afxazis’ ZirZveli mniSvnelobis aRdgena miCneul iqnas afxazeTSi arsebuli konfliqtis Semdgomi gamwvavebis SesaZleblobis aRkveTis aucilebel saSualebad, gareSe qveynis mier afxazeTis okupaciis Sewyvetis erTerT aucilebel nabijad…8. vTxovT saqarTvelos parlaments msjelobisa da saTanado politikuri da saorganizacio daskvnebis sagnad dauyovnebliv aqcios es dadgenileba. .9. es dadgenileba farTod gaSuqdes sainformacio saSualebebiT.</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4"> ------Cvenis mxriv aRvniSnavT, rom CrdiloeT uralSi da ufro Sors momTabare ukulturo eTniur narev jgufebTan( afsuebTan, adiRebTan da sxv.) erTad e.w. ‘kavkasiuri saxlis’ aSeneba-rasac 1921 wlidan ruseTi gvaZalebs- SeuZlebelia. Aarc osebi, arc armenebi, arc e.w. azerbaijanelebad 193</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">7</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4">-ian wlebSi saxeldebuli TaTrebi, Turqebi, Turqmanebi, Taraqamebi, arc absuebi, arc Cerqezebi ar arian kavkasielebi da maT kavkasielobas saqarTvelos is mtrebi abraleben, romelTac es arakavkasielebi sxva qveynebidan TviTon ahyares da jer CrdiloeT, Semdeg ki—samxreT kavkasiaSi Semoityues da aomeben.</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4"> NnaTela fofxaZe </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="4"> </font></span></p></div><br>NATELA POPKHADZEhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13568269499155042696noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1993044457595238899.post-13982647808742440472009-08-19T03:18:00.001-07:002009-08-19T03:18:46.493-07:00broshuristvisjanashze2<div class="Section1"><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">n</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aTela fofxaZe. saqarTvelo. Tbilisi</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">“</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">u</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">u</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">Zvelesi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">”</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">qarTuli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">literatura</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">mose janaSvilis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> gamouqveynebeli </font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">qarTuli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">wignis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">gaTvaliswinebiT</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTul kulturaze msjelobisas aucilebelia emegir//emegiruli eniTa da damwerlobiT moRweuli aTasobiT warweris, teqstis gaTvaliswineba. </font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">es moiTxovs saqarTvelos respublikaSi mecnierebis am ganxris </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTvel </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">moRvaweTa </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saTanadod </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aRzrdas, swavlebas, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">maTTvis swavlisa da Sromis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saukeTeso pirobebis Seqmnas, waxalisebas,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">dawinaurebas.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">emegir//emegiruls Zv.w. III aTaswleulidanve uwodebdnen im damwerlobas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a da masze Seqmnil literaturas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, romelsac 1700 wels londonelma mkvlevarma Tomas haidma nebismierad uwoda kuneiform damwerloba. rusul enaze es sityva iTargmna klinopis-ad, qarTulze</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, rusulis mibaZviT, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-solisebur an lursmanis</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">msgavs//lursm</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">n</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ur//lursmnul damwerlobad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">megiruli damwerloba </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">da ena </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vinc ar icis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> kargad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, is tuf-sarad ver CaiTvleba-miiCneva im nawerSi, romelic emegiruli damwerlobiT iswavleboda e-tufa-Si </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">( tufebis, saweri filebis saxlSi.’e’ aris ‘saxli’) </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Zv.w. III aTaswleulidan pirvel saukunemde mainc. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m Zvel enaze es ase JRerda: tuf-sar emegir nu-mun-co-a </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">anam nam-tufsarram</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">t</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ufi ewodeboda Tixis filas, razec wkiriT Wridnen sityvebs. sar udrida xelmZRvanels, mefes. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aTaswleulTa S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">emdeg s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ityva sar isesxes sklavebma da car-ad aqcies. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">klavi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ellinuri sityvaa da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">niSnav</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> monas, sklav</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ini(sklav</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-monebs. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">so ‘k</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">’-s usafuZvlod amogdebiT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sklavidan </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">miRebulia sityva slavi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">wored amgvaradve, sityva okraina-Si, rac </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ganapira, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">kidura mxares niSnavs, pirveli asos SecvliT SemoRebulia </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">man</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">am</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">de ararsebuli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sityva ukraina da saxelmwifos saxelad aris qceuli</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> XX saukunidan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, riTac mifuCeCebulia sinamdvile</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">emegiruli</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> literaturis uZveles nimuSebs londonelma mkvlevarebma XIXsaukuneSi uwodes </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">qaldeian</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">(qald</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">e qveynisa</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">). </font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">XIX saukuneSive parizelma mkvlevarma Jiul oppertma</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sityva </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">qaldeian </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">daiwuna da jer </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">akkadian</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(aqaduri), Semdeg ki </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">sumerian</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">( sumeruli) uwoda. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">r</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">amdenime saxelmwifos muzeumebSi da gamofenebze nivTebze warwerebi Seacvlevina </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">qaldeian</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-is nacvlad </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">sumerian</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-iT. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m Zveli damwerlobiT aRbeWdili masalis Targmnisas inglisur, frangul da sxva amJamindel enebze, dedanSi arsebul saxelmwifoTa saxelebs: kola, kola-ba, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qi enqi qi-uri//qveyana RvTaeba enqisa qveyana uri//qienqiqiuri( saidanac amohyavT saxeli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">engur</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aia, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">kardunia//qardunia </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Ca</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">anacvleben </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">xolme </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sxva </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sityvebiT: </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">sumer, akkad,</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">mesopotamia, fertail kreSent</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, rac dedanSi ar aris. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saxeli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">fertail kreSenT</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> nebismierad gamoigona mkvlevarma g. brestedma 1956 wels</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da ni</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Snavs</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">: uxvmosavliani naxevarmTvariseburi mxare. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aucilebelia dedanSi aRbeWdili sakuTari saxelebis ucvlelad gadatana sxva enebze Targmnisas, raTa ar miiCqmalos am saxeliT moxseniebuli eris wvlili mis kulturaSi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTvel</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i adamianebidan bolo saukuneebSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> miviwyebuli emegiruli//qalduri damwerlobiT pirvelad italieli mogzauri didebulis, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">p</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">atricio dela vales meuRle, qarTveli Tina dainteresda</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.. i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s aTi wlisac ar iyo, rodesac </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aqarTvelodan gaitaces ucxoelebma da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">stambolis bazarze iyida aRsazrdelad dela vales pirvelma meuRlem, romelic SemdgomSi gardaicvala. Tina</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> SemdgomSi patricios coli gaxda, mogzaurobis dros axlda xolme.. man</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> miawoda gz</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ispirze</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> dagdebuli warweriani qva da daavala patricios did qalaqebSi waredgina mkvlevarebisaTvis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">naweris Sinaarsi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> misTvis ecnobebina</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. amiT daiwyo am damwerlobis kvleva</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da miviwyebuli damwerlobis gacocxleba, aRorZineba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">amJamad am Zvel enaze orasze meti mkvlevari metyvelebs sxvadasxva qveyanaSi da mkvdari ena aRar unda ewodebodes-weria stiiv tinnis mier Sedgenili</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aSS-is saxelmwifo standartis ganyofilebisadmi erTi SeTavazebis(proeqtis) </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">standartis teqstSi, romelic warudgina aSS-is standartebis gamcem dawesebulebas 1</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">996 wels. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">r mianiWes standarti</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> aSS-Si. sasurvelad mimaCnia misTvis standartis miniWeba swored amJamindel qaldiaSi//qarTiaSi//saqarTvelos saxelmwifoSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s gzas gauxsnis sxva saxelmwifoebis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">standartis mimniWebel</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> dawesebulebebis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mier misTvis saxelmwifo standartis miniWebas. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">1800-ian wlebSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> am damwerlobiT dainteresdnen </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aRmosavleT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saqarTvelos mefe daviTi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> giorgi XIII-is ufrosi vaJi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da misi swavluli Zmebi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sini ruse</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is imperatorma o</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">j</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">axebianad da naTesavebianad iZulebiT gaasaxla samSoblodan da aukrZala dabruneba. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aixocnen ruseTSi da iq ganisveneben. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">daviT mef</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is davalebiT misma TanaSemwem </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">emegiruli damwerlobis kvlevis viTarebaze </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">xelnaweri wigni Seadgina, romelic ar gamoqveynebula</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> werilobiTi cnobiT, quTaisSi muzeumSi Tu arqivSi inaxeba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> daviT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mefe 1819, misi Zma Teimurazi 1849 wels gardaicvala ruseTSi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">1880-ian wlebSi ukve mravali amokiTxuli teqsti da maTi kvlevis Sedegi gamoqveynda ramdenime qveyanaSi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">am damwerlobis kvlevis miRwevebi ganixiles ilia WavWavaZem wignSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">qvaTa RaRadi</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, mose janaSvilma wignSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">saqarTvelos istoria</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">( gamoqveynda </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">1906 wels</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> tfilisSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da ramdenime </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">issave xelnawer gamouqveynebel wignSi;</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mixeil TamaraSvilma romSi frangul enaze </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">dabeWdi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">l wignSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">l’eglis JorJien</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, romelic qarTul enaze iTargmna da daibeWda 1995 wels TbilisSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> as gverdze meti uZRvna emegiruli//lursmnuli damwerlobisa da literatur</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s kvlevis miRwevebs qarTul enasTan mimarTebiT;</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> niko marma rusulad Targmna qaldes mefis warwerebi, mixeil wereTelma</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">dargs miuZRvna </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gamokvlev</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">:</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">sumeruli da qarTuli</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">;</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">xeTa, </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">misi xalxi</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">,</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3"> kultura da istoria</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">;</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3"> gilgameSiani</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">am </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">miviwyebuli damwerlobi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s Seswavlas da kvlevas mose janaSvilma</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">( 1855-1934)</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eqvsi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aTwleuli Sealia.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> am ganx</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">riT misi Rvawli mxolod </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saqarTvelos </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">xelnawerT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a centris arqivis furcleb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ze</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">asaxuli</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mcired a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">RibeWda</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> korneli kinwuraSvilis mier Sedgenil m. janaSvilis naSromebis krebulSi, romelsac </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">Jami fiqrisa da gansjisa</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ewodeba da</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> 2006 wels</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gamoqveynda. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. janaSvilis moRvaweobas mi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ZRvna ori samecniero sakvalifikacio naSromi xelnaweris uflebiT. er</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tis avtoria i.rine gofoZe, meorisa-qeTevan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> genebaSvili. maT arc ki </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ganixiles </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qalduri, xeTuri, sumeruli literatur</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s kvlevaSi misi Rwva </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">da is, rom isini </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">uuZveles</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qarTul literaturad miiCnia da ganixila</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gamosaqveyneblad gamzadebul qarTul da rusul enovan </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ramdenime </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">wignSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">Q</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">qalduri lursmnuri teqstebi </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">q. TbilisSi, xelnawerTa erovnul centrSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> janaSvilis fondSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">daculma </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">misma </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">erTma </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gamouqveynebelma xelnawerma wignma </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">#149,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gansakuTrebiT miipyro Cemi yuradReba.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saTauria: `qalduri lursmuri teqstebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> TviT qaldebis istoria</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. saTauris qvemoT weria: `qarTveluri ena </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTvel</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> modgmis gonebaa, xolo goneba-misi enaa </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">da istoria</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. TariRad 1919 welia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, magram masze momdevno wlebSic</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">muSaobis kvali aisaxa minawerebSi.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> pirveli Tavis saTauria: Suamere</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">xaldidan (qaldidan) qarTlamde. xelnaweris pirve</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">live winadadebaSi axsnilia, rom</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qarTul enovan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Zveli istoriis Tanaxmad, qarTvelebis uZvelesi samSoblo moicavs qveyana babilons</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ac</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">; </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Zv.w. 2700-ian wlebSi, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">cxoreba qarTvelTa</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3"> da mefeTa</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">maTTa</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-s teqstis Tanaxmad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qarTvelebis nawili ganerida </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">omiT Sewuxebul mxares, oreTidan( ase iwodeba mesopotamia qarTulad) </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gadasaxlda </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ufro </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Crdil</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">oeT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> arsebul </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTul </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mxareSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mTa masissa da</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Ta ararats Soris mdebare </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vrcel </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">areze. warmoCenilia simarTle am or mTas Soris didi sivrcis arsebobaze da uaryofilia </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ucxotomeli</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mkvl</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">evarebis varaudi masis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-ad araratis mwvervalis miCnevis sakiTxze.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> masisi</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tavris mTianeTis Sua na</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">wilSia, ararati misgan didad daS</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">orebul mxareSia. Cemis mxriv davumateb, rom </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">mas</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-is m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a masu//maSu saxelwodebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ixsenieba </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qveyana </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">kolas mefis lugalbandas vaJis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mogzaurobis amsax</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">v</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">el teqstSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> lugalbandas Semdgom kola qveyanaSi gamef</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">da</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">misi vaJi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gmiri gilgameSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. oriveni werilobiT dadasturebuli mTamsvlelebi//alpinistebi arian da koladan imogzaures CrdiloeTiT mdebare maRalmTianeTSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, sadac </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gilgameSianis teqstis Tanaxmad, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">maSus mTasTan saRamos brundeboda dedamisis saxlSi utu</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(mze RmerTi)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. qaldeur//qarTuli mTamsvlelobis dasawyisi maTgan unda aviTvaloT da ara XX saukunidan( rogorc dRes aRiarebulia </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">SecdomiT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">cnobarebSi). </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">lugalbanda</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gamefebamde ewvia maSus mTas. i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qve dasustda avadmyofobis gamo.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> aRar sunTqavda. Tanmxlebma Svid</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ma vaJkacma, romelic Zmebad ixseniebian, mwuxarebiT miatoves gamoqvabul</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Si</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">;</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Rvino, ludi, namcxvrebi, cximi da sxva saWmeli dautoves da wavidnen maRalmTaSi im imediT, rom dabrunebisas an janmrTeli SeeyrebodaT, an mkvdars waasvenebdnen TavianT Soreul dedaqalaqSi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sayuradReboa, rom iqve dasaflaveba dauSveblad miiCnies im Soreul droSi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">l</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ugalbanda utus</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mzis), mTvaris</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">( nanas)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da saRamos varskvlavis sinaTlem moasuliera, simSvide mihgvara, moaZliera. maT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mimarT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> iloca da SesTxova Svela. maT Seismines Txovna da mSvidi Zili miuRvares. gaRviZebisas aRaraferi stkioda. gadarCa da dabrunda sxvebTan erTad. misi SemdgomSi gamefebuli vaJi gilgameSic aqeT, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">CrdiloeTiT, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">maSus mTisaken gamoeSura </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ukvdavebis saSu</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">lebis mosapoveblad da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sagmiro saqmiT saxelis mosaxveWad. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">axalqarTul enaze gilgameSis ambavi anu gilgameSiani emegiruli//lursmnuli teqstidan </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">germanul enovani Targmanis gaTvaliswinebiT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Targmna mixeil wereTelma da 1924 wels konstantinepolis qarTvel kaTolikeTa savaneSi arsebul stambaSi dabeWda. imJamad es Zvirfasi nawarmoebi mxolod inglisur, frangul </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">da germanul enaze iyo Targmnili da</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gamoqveynebuli. italiur, rusul da sxva enebze </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gilgameSiani </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mxolod </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTuli Targmanis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gamoqveynebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">dan karga xnis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Semdgom iTargmna. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. janaSvilma mas-is mTad </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">‘Taur’-ad saxeldebuli qedis maRali mTa aRiara. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">lursmnuli emegiruli damwerlobiT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">maSu</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> niSnavs tyups//ors(tyup mTas) ( nino samsonia. sa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">xelmZRvanelo saleqcio teqstebi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">studentebisaTvis). gilgameSianSi aris qveTavi ‘gilgameSi da aratas mTianeTis batoni’. Earatas mTa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Tu ararats miv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iCnevT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, gamova, rom gilgameSis dros (Zv.w. 2700-ian wlebSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mis xelqveiT myof kolaelebs urTierToba hqoniaT araratis m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is maxlobel mosaxleobasTan. SesaZloa, rom man araratis orwvera//tyupmwvervaliani mTa dalaSqra. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">esame mosazrebad sazogadoebas vTavazob tyup maSu mTad gigiS mTis aRiarebas. gigiS amJamadac oficialurad ewodeba mTas, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">romelsac meorenairad ialbuzi//elbrusi ewodeba da saqarTvelos ekuTvnoda stalinisa da berias gardacvalebamde. oriod wlis Semdeg saqarTvelos waarTva n. xruSCovma da ruseTs miuerTa. skolaSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aswavlidnen </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">geografiis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saxelmZRvaneloebiT, rom ialbuzi saqarTvelos umaRlesi mwvervalia. gigiSis//ialbuzis mTasac ‘maSu</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">’ ewodeboda 1</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">980-ian wlebSi, rodesac zamTrobiTac, zafxulobiTac mis kalTebze TxilamurebiT vsrialebdi da iqve TveobiT visvenebdi.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. janaSvilma mTis saxeli “mas”-isi qarTvelTa erT-erT saxelwodebas(masxi//mes-xi)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da faz-s, fazianas, fazias</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, aqedan ki sityva </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> azias</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> daukavSira. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s mosazrebac safuZvlianad mimaCnia. manve vrclad imsjela cneba “kolx”-ze da sityva “kola”-s daukavSira. esec swori mosazrebaa. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m. janaSvilma ganmarta, rom qarTuli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">mere</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> niSnavs mxares, miwa-wyals, amitomaa, rom </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">axalqarTulSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">mere-</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Ti niSnavs qedis aqeT mdebare mxares, i-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">mere</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-Ti niSnavs qedis iqeT arsebul mxares. sityva mere-s am Sinaarsis Sesabamisad, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sityva </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">Sumeri</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aris igive ~Suamere.~ `Suamere~ </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ornawiliani sityvaa. pirvelia `Sua~ // SuaSi mdebare, meorea `mere~. `mere~ sarwyav miwas niSnavs. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTulSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">Su</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ixmareba </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">Sua</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-s Sesatyvisad, rac daasabuTa a. SaniZis mier mTaSi Cawerili </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">xalxuri </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">leqseb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iT. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m. janaSvili g</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">anmartavs</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, rom ucxoeli mkvlevarebic ki aRiareben, rom </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">x</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aldebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">//</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qaldebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> arian Zveli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">drois </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTvelebi da imowmebs maTive teqstebs</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. janaSvilma SeamCnia, rom efrem mcires xelnawerSi aRbeWdilia </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sityva </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">qalTveli. </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">qalTveli</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3"> qalde sityvidan qarTu-mde gardamaval safexurad mii</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">Cnia da </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">Tavis </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">sxva xelnawerebSic </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">xazgasmiT </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">axsena. </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">SemdgomSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qalTvelebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> iwodnen qarTvelebad. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">SevniSnav, rom uZvelesi lursmnuli//emegiruli teqstebis monacemebiT, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">pirvel</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saxelmwifo warmonaqmneb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i moicavdnen mdinare puranunu//evfratis xeobas da</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ewodebodaT kola(RvTaeba anqi//aia-s mier Tixisagan gamoZerwili mSeneblobis RvTaeba </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">kol</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">a</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-s saxelis mixedviT, Cemi mosazrebiT)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qveyana </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qienqi//qi-enqi( RvTaeba enqi-s </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">qi </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">anu </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">q</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">veyana), </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qveyana </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eri-du(eri=axalqarTuli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sityva </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">eri</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">/</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> niSnavs </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eTnos</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">nacia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">maT mier </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">CrdiloeTiT mimdebare midamos SerwymiT Seiqmna gacilebiT vrceli saxelmwifo da ewoda </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTu//qardu//qarduniaS//qarTuniaS. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">qarTunia</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> saxeliT is cnobilia Zv.w. XV</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">II</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> saukunidan mis mefeTa mimoweraSi gimeTis faraoebTan. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">gimeT</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> aris nilosis auzSi mdebare qvemo saxelmwifos saxeli, romelsac aTaswleulebis Semdeg ewoda egviptax(</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">ptax</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">isi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> RvTaebis saxeli iyo). </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">gime</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> niSnavs qvemo-s margaluradac//megruladac. es amixsna statistikosma, Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis docentma</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> rezo saliam. madlobas movaxseneb. Zvel egviptesTan//gimeTTan</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTvelebis urTierToba, dinastiuri qorwinebebi Zv.w. II aTaswleulSi, qarTvelTa RvTaeba aTena-s//mzis aqauri mefis asulebis mier faraoebze sxvadasxva dros gaTxovebis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Sedegad </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gavrceleba </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gimeTSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saguldagulod ikvlia m. janaSvilma. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">megiruli//lursmnuri damwerlobiT aRbeWdili teqstebidan Targmna </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">hamburabis//hamurabis samarTali, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">miTanis mefe tuS-ratis werilebi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Zv. w. XIIII saukuneSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gimeT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is faraosadmi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. janaSvilma icoda </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mitanis//miTanis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mefis asulebis, faraoebze gaTxovilebis saxelebi:</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gilu-xifa, TaTu-xifa. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">avumateb, rom TaTu dabadebisas </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">erqmeuli saxelia miTanis mefe Tu</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-ratis asulisa, romelic 13 wlisa gaaTxoves faraoze da 356-qaliani amali</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gaistumres nilosis auzSi mdebare saxelmwifoSi, romelsac lursmnuri da ieroglifuri damwerlobiT imJamad ewodeboda mizra//misra//</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mizria</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. imJamindeli viTarebis ganxilvisas sasurvelia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> is qveyana</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> imJamindeli saxeliT(mizr</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a) movixsenioT. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">davfiqrdeT imaze, rom nilosis auzSi mdebare ZvelTaZveli saxelmwifos saxelia mizria, sadac werdnen ieroglifuri damwerlobiT. aSkaraa, rom mizra igive izra-elia. erT dros xmelTaSua zRvis aRmosavleTiT mdebare mxarec mizras faraebs hqondaT dapyrobili da emorCilebodaT. imJamad amJamindeli uru-salimis//ierusalimis momcvel mxaresac, cxadia, rom ewodeboda mizra anu izraeli. es geografiuli kuTxe ZvelTaganve dasaxlebuli iyo qaldebiT//qarTebiT da imarTeboda qaldes mefeTa mier dedaqalaq eridudan, SemdgomSi dedaqalaq koladan, kidev ufro mogvianebiT, dedaqalaq kalxudan, zogjer, qalaq </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">babilonidan. aqedan gamomdinare, cxadia, rom </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mizras(Zveli egviptes) mosaxleoba iyo ieroglifebiT mwerali mizra mosaxleoba mizras enaze metyveli. Masobrivi informaciis saSualebebi savsea iudas monaTesave modgmis// iudebis//iudevelebis mier dawerili saCivrebiT, sadac mizras//Zveli egviptis lanZRva-ginebaa mTavari sakiTxi. iudevelebma miitaces sxvisi saxeli da msoflio Seawuxes usafuZvlo teritoriuli moTxovnebiT. amJamindeli saxelmwifo izraeli( iudebisa, iudebis saxelmwifo eniT, damwerlobiT da a.S.) 1948 wels daarsda ZirZvel qarTul//kolxur//</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">xeTur//xeTur miwa-wyalze.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">osawoni ar aris qarTvelTa miwa-wyalis patronobisadmi qarTveli da qarTul gvarebs amofarebuli araqarTveli mkvlevarebis ugulisyuroba, miviwyeba, gaCuqeba, masze xelis aReba. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">am</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is ufleba aravis ar </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">unda hqondes</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. mkvlevarebs evalebaT qaldes//qarTis miwa-wyalis ganfenilobis sworad, dauknineblad swavleba da qarTveli eris gacnobiereba, rom xmelTaSua zRvis aRmosavleTiT mimdebare mxare ZirZveli qaldea//qarTi//saqarTveloa; rom aucilebelia am sinamdvilis gaTvaliswinebiT saqmianoba moRvaweobis yvela sferoSi. am kuTxiT saqarTvelos respublikis saswavleblebSi saqmianoba Tavdayiraa dayenebuli da wamda</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">uwum qveyndeba werilebi saTauriT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> “Tu dagiviwyo </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">“</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ieruSalaim” </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. im qalaqis ZirZveli saxelia uri-silim, sadac “uri” qveyana aias, kolas, qardus mxarea da es simarTle farTod gasavrcelebelia. Ees sakiTxi warmoaCina mose janaSvilma jer kidev XIX saukuneSi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">TaTus//nefertitis erTi asuli m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aTxoves qardunia qveynis//saqarTvelos mefes da dedaqalaq kalxu-Si cxovrobda. amJamad mas qalaqi nimrodi ewodeba da saqarTvelos respublikis samxreTiT mdebareobs. gansakuTrebiT sayuradReboa, rom </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. janaSvilma gamokveTa sakiTxi asureTis saxelmwifos </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gvian Seqmnaze</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-Tanac, sxva eris miwa-wyalze</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">asureTis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">danaSaulze:</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qaldes </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qveynis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">tac</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ebaze, qaldebis//qarTvelebis Jletasa da maTi qonebis, kulturis mi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tvis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ebaze. qveyana </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">asur</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3"> ZirZvel qaldur miwaze daarsda Zv.w. meTo</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">rm</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">ete saukuneSi, ubedureba moutana ZirZvel mosaxleobas, amdenad, qaldebis damwerlobis, </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">literaturis, kulturis kvlevis dargis saxeldeba asurologiad//asurTmcodneobad umar</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">T</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">ebulo da usamarTloa. </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ATbilisis universitetSi asiriologiis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">//asurologiis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> kaTedris am saxeliT daarseba 1918 wlidan, sabWour xanaSi am saxeliTve am kaTedris aRdgena umarTebulo iyo. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">u</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">job</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">esi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> iqneboda qa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">lduri//emegiruli damwerlob</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a da kultur</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> swavleb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a TviT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qarTuli enis, istoriisa da kulturis Seswavlisas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> saTanado ganyofilebebze,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qaldebs asurelebTan,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">xeTebs</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> g</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">imeTeleb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">an//misrelebTan//</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">egviptelebTan mouxdaT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">didi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">brZol</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> samSoblos dasacavad. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">“</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">xeTis mefe usayvedurebdao </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">faraos//</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">faraons</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">( zog xelnawerSi m. janaSvili “faraons” wers, zogSi-“farao”-s; sworia “farao” </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mizris//misreTis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> masalis gaTvaliswinebiT)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> imis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gamo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, rom mis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mi miweril </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tixis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">filaze faraos Tavisi saxeli xeTas mefis saxelis win daeso da Tavazianobis darRvevad miaCnda xeTas xseneba ara egviptis xsenebis win, aramed,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Semdgom.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> m. janaSvili mkiTxvelebs amcnobs, rom rodesac oqsfordis universitetis profesorma a. g. saisma aRmoaCina, Tu ra diadi saqmianoba hqonda</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gaCaRebuli xeTebs, sxva mkvlevarebma gakicxes da ararsebuli warsulis mTxzveli, `fantaziori~//mefantazie uwodes.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">usamarTlo kiJinam a.s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ai</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ss guli ver gautexa; ganagrZo kvleva da aTi wlis Semdeg (1888w.) gamo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qveyna Tavisi ufro dasabuTebuli naSromi. is rusul enaze Targmna</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> but</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">k</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ovskim. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m. janaSvil</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ma</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> safuZvlianad ikvlia </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ioane </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">petriwi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">naSromebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Seadgina </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">petriwis leqsikoni</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ratomR</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ac gamouqveynebelia.M</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">j</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">anaSvilis sityviT, imperiis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">droindeli rusi moxeleebi da mkvlevarebi, `mecnierebi~ </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sxvebze </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">uaresad epyrobodnen dRevandel mcire qarTvelobas, swamebdnen uniWobas, xSirad dacinviT ixsen</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ebdnen mis `siyv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">rulis enasac~ (zisserman. `</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Дв</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">а</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">д</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">цат</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> let</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">на</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Кавказе</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">~, t. 1. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">g</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">v. 1).</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mxolod amisTana ugul</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">v</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">elyofiT qarTvelur</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> enisa unda aixsn</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s is garemoeba, rom evropielebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s TviT udides mkvlevarTa ufros </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">erTi krints ara sZravs qarTvelobis Sesaxeb, rodesac dasvams kiTxvas, vin SeiZleba yofiliyo is eri,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> romelic iTvleba Semoqmeda</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> kreta-mikenis kulturisa, vin iyvnen da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ra enaze laparakobdnen is xeTebi, romel</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">n</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ic ebrZod</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">nen</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mZlavr egviptes, rogorc swori swors, vin unda yofiliyo xeTazed ara nakleb gamoCenili qaldi, romlis enis sityvebia sumer (=Su mere</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">=</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Sua mere), naRarain</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">( sarwyavi arxebiT daRaruli qveyana)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da akkadi (aR-kadi).</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">maT r</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">o</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m ar awuxebdeT Tavi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">anT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i `arieloba,~ qarTvelur ersac mowyaled gadmoxedavdnen da gaigebdnen Semdegs:</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTvelTa winapari iyo Tobeli = Tubal-kaini (dab. 4-22), Zma noesi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da warRvnis (3242w.) Semdeg igi da misi Zmiswulebi Tobel II, mosxi (mesxi), xiTi da sxvani cxovrobdnen imave Sennar-naRar</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ai</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">n-aRkadSi, ese igi, Suameres, da vidre nebr</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">o</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tis gamoCenamde am Suamere</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i yvela</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> maSindeli xalxosnobis ena iyoo mxolod Suameruli anu `sumeruli~. biblia (T.11-1) ambobs: `iyo yoveli queyana ena erT da xmai erT yovelTa~, `naTesavi erT da bage (</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Napi</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">r</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">uc</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">) erT yovelTa~ (11-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">6</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">).</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">maSasadame, davaskvniT Cven, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">maSin </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">jer saerTod </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">ar unda yofiliyo arc ena iafetisa, arc bage semisa, arc metyveleba qamisa, </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aramed </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iyo </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">erTi sazogado ena, yvelasaTvis erTi gasagebi bage. romelze</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">c</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> saubrobda </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">im mxaris mosaxleoba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> TviT adams moRmarT nebroTamde da es ena-bage unda yofiliyo sumeruli (Suameruli).</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">am SumerT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">4000 wlebSi kidec moigones wera</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">–maTebu</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">r</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ad </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">S’a</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">rr</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> (</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ixileT v.Sileiko. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Вотывния</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">надписи</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">шумерийских</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">правител</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">i</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(1915 w. XXXIII); </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m. nikolski. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Древности</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Восточныя</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> (t. 3. nak. II, gv. 1). es </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">S’a</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">r</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> unda iyos igive qarTveluri </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">War</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> (wera).</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">am sumerul (Sua merul) enas ekava igeTive adgili, viT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gviane</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">biT,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> laTinur enas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">evropaSi, magram im gansxvavebiT, rom sumerul SuamdinareSi gavlenis JamierobiTa da, sazogadod, xangrZlivobiT kidec sWarbobda laTinuris xangrZlivobas evropaSi.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Cven mivaxwevT~, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">am</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">bobs deliCi, `im pra-indiur-evropul da ara semiur er sumeramde, romelic moivlina Semoqmedad babilonis kulturisa~ (fr. deliCi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Библия и Вавилон.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. 16: </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">К. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Becold</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> „Ассирия и </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Vavilon</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">”</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. 13).</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> v</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">inkle</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">r</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> (</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Вавилон, его история и культур</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">~, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. 18).</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">`msgavsad </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">laTinur enisa romaul kaTolike eklesiis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> saWiroebisaTvis, sumeruli SuamereSi daSTa enad mecnierebisa da kultisa... sumeruli unda miviCnioT enad babilonis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> im binadar</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mosaxleobisa, romelic aq </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">cxovrobda sem</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ianebis//sem</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">itebis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">( bibliuri semis STamomavlebis)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mosvlamde.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> maSasadame, sumerebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s mxare</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aris</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Suagul</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i mxare</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, romelSic ganviTarda babilonis kultura da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Seiqmna, ganviTarda</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> misi umTavresi mxare – lursmuri wera</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, romelic Seiqmna sityvaTa da azrTa gadasacem-gadmosacem saxsarad.~</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">kad. t</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">uraevi (`</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Классический</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Восток</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">~, 1914, 161): `ukvdavi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">dideba moipoves sumerebma weris </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ga</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mogonebiT. maTi wera gavrcelda wina-aziaSi da Seiqmna iaraRad babilonis kulturisa umetes 2 </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'; vertical-align:super"><font size="1">1</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">/</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'; vertical-align:sub"><font size="1">2 </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aTaseul wleb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sa.~</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aseTi iyo es s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">umeruli sakacobrio ena, magram r</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">axan TviT etimologia sityvisa sumer = Suamere qarTulia da raxan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ioseb flabiosi ambobs: `Tobelisagan warmoiSvnen Tobelni, romelnic Cven dros iwodeb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">n iverebad,~ unda vifiqroT, rom </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">im `erT ena-bageSi~ SeuZlebeli iyo ar </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">g</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">areuliyo iverTa xmebic, romelnic aRniSnavdnen mzes, mTvares, RmerTs</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, Tvlas da sxvaTa, da romelic maSin iyo sumeruli da, rogorc ageTi, - sakacobrio ena-bagec, da raxan sumerebis pirdapiri memkvidreni iyvnen qaldni, CveniT – qarTni (qarTvelni), amitom srul</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ad ar gvikvirs, rodesac mkvlevarni sweren: `xal</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">uri mecniereba </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">savsebiT </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">i</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">sesxe</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">s</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> asurelebm</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> (v. a. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">zaicev. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Руководство Всемирной истории. Древная история Востока.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> 187</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">9</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. 195).</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qaldni arian</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">igive</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ur</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qaldni</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> (</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">dabad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. 11-28). `</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ur</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">~ = </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTveli</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">:</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">urac</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">=</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vrac</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> (</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTveli</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">), </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">urastan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">=</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vrastan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> (</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saqarTvelo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">), </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">virq</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> (=</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">urq</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">) – </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTvelni</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ivirq</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> (</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">igive</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iveria</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">). </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ad:</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">uria=svan.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">viria. azna-ur=sv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">an</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">zna-vir. mind-uri=mind-ori=mind-ver (svan). ur=or-vir=ver-svan:</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ver anu gim </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aris </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">miwa. S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ead. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">‘ver’ sityvaSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">tver, tveri, mtveri</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ese igi miwiani</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iori=iuri-iviri=iveri. naT. iveris=iuris-ivris-xeoba. vera=vere anu ur-a=or=e. wm. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">n</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">inos cx. 15: or-banTa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">=ur-bniTad=or-bniTad=ur-bnisad.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">h u r i. `javaxos aRaSena wunda da artani, romelsa maSin erqua qajTa</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qalaqi, xolo a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">w</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> hrqvian huri (q. cx. 20)~. kidev saxelebi sofelTa: ur, ura-veli, uravi, ur-Zuma, ur-jvari, uriaT-ubani, ur-sauri, urT-xva, urTa (mTaa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> [sofel]</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> xeTas da caiss Soris). </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Huristani=hurastani</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">=vrastani (saqarTvelo), ixileT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m. janaSvilis am xelnaweris </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gv. im. agreTve </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qveTavi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">VIII xald=qalT=qarT da gv. iT, SeniS</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">nv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tavi 2</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-is saTauria</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">winaswari cnobebi qaldur</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">lursmul </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">ZeglweraTa </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">Sesaxeb</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m. janaSvili wers: </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Cemi pirveli Txzuleba `cxovrebis zogi viTareba~ daibeWda `sasoflo gazeTSi~ 1877 wlis 17 agvistos. mas aqeT 54 welia vSromob saqarTvelos warsulis Seswavlaze.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Jurnal `imedSi~ 1881 wels ibeWdeboda Cemi werilebi `saqarTvelos mokle istoria~, romelic Semdeg (1884w.) calkec daibeWda. igive masala SevimuSaveT, SevavseT da gamoveciT 1894 welsac axali saTauriT, `saqarTvelos istoria~. orive</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gamocema bevrma moiwona, rogorc pirveli saxelmZRvanelo wigni, romliTac SeiZleboda qarTveli eris gavlil cxovrebis gaTvaliswineba. magram piradad Cven ar </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gvakmayofilebda Cven-mier dabeWdili wignebi da ukamyofilebis umTavresi mizezi-ki is iyo, rom wyaroebis uqonlobis gamo qarTveli eris istoriis Zveli xana bundad iyo warmodgenili da zRapars ufro hgavda, vidre istorias. am xanas Sesaxeb erovnuli matiane `qarTlis cxovreba~, romliTac vsargeblobT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, iZleva aseT cnobebs: qarTvelTa winaprebi movidneno </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">CrdiloeTSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">babilonidan, mere damyarda mamasaxl</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">isoba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da Se</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">deg mefoba mcxeTaSi. amis mets ara</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> iuwyeba matiane qarTveli eris cxovrebis Sesaxeb im uamrav saukuneebidan, romelTac gavles pirvel </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">q</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">arTvel </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tobelidam</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> vidre azomde. xarvezi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">friad didia (To</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">b</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eli 3242 wels</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">azo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> 324 wlidan!) da es xarvezi ver amoivseba raRac oriode cnobiT matianisa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. am yofaSi Cven mivediT im dask</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vnamde, rom Zveli drois Sesaswavlad saWiroa Segneba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, gaTvaliswineba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qarTveluri enisa. es iyo mizezi, rom Cveni kvleva-Zieb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is obi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eqtad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Seiqmna qarTveluri ena. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">j</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">er</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">isev 1845 wels</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sul viyaviT xe</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">dv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">amde, rom qarTveluri ena ariso qarTvelTa modgmis goneba, xolo </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">goneba-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">misi ena da istoria, rom qarTveluri</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> anu saerToqarTveluri</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ena ariso is saTave, romlidanac modiano misi kiloebi – qarT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">l</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">u</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">r</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i, megrul-Wanuri, svanuri, ingilouri</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(hereTisa)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da sxvani, da, maSasadame, unda yofiliyo dro, rodesac am </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saerTo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTvelur enaze metyvelebda mTeli q</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">rTveli modgma da miT gamosTqvamda Tvis Sexedulebas Tavis Tavsa, Tavis RmerT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sa Tu </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">bunebaze</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> sazogadod. raxan </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ase gamogvesaxa mniSvneloba am </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">en</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">isa, Cven gavaorkeceT ruduni mis safuZvlianad Sesasw</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vlad, SeZlebisamebr.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tan enas vswavlobdiT da Tan nair-nair werilebs vbeWdavdiT gazeTebSi, `droebaSi~ 1878 wlidan, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">`</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Кавказ</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">~-Si 1881 wlidan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">kidev daibeWda Cveni: `cnoba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">n</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i Zvel mwerlebTa kavkasiaze` (iv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eria</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. 1885, #87, `ra dros da saidan SemoiRes qarTuli anbani, iv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eria</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. 1887, ##113-128). `</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">o</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> реке Фисоне</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">~ (</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Нов. Обозр. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">1891 #2677) da mravali sxva.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">dabolos, SedarebiT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> masala rom gadavwereT, Sesdga aTas furclovani rv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">uli.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">amisTanave </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">masalis dabeWdva imave dros Turme ganezraxa ber</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">l</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">inel erkerts, romelsac amis Sesaxeb miemarTa d. ba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">q</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ra</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Z</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">isaTvis. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">misi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">SuamavlobiT gaimarTa miwer-mowera</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> me da erkerts Soris, movrigdiT, da Cven mier Sekruli masala mTlianad, Tumca </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mraval</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> koreqtur</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ul</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i SecdomiT, daibeWda calke tomad saTauriT: `</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Die Spache des Kaukasichen Stames</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">~</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> (Wien, 1895).</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">jer kidev 1899 wels berlineli profesori lemani Camovida tfilisSi da aqedan wavida vans</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> (amJamad TurqeTis respublikis SemadgenlobaSia is Zveli qalaqi vani n.f.)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qaldur warweraTa gad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">asaReba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d fotografiulad. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Sroma </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Seasrula</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a dabrunda</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> tfilisSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. me vaswavlidi mas qarTul enas usas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">yidl</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">od da manac aRm</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tqva – usas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">yid</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">lod madlobiT gamogigzavnio Cems wigns qaldur warwereb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ze</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> rom davbeWdavo. dabeWda 1900 wels. depeSiTac vTxove, xma ar gamca da dResac misi wigni ar maqvs</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Semd</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gomSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> muzeumSi vnaze </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is naSromi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">CitaZesTan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, romelSic misgan </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">`</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">A</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">r</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">menien </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">sint</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> und jetzt</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">~ (aseTi saTauri aqvs lehman-hauptis wigns. daibeWda 1900w.)</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gadmomiTargmna</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> sityvebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">: `1899 wel</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, zafxu</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">l</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Si, Tavazian </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">daxmarebas miwevda m. janaSvili</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Cems cdaSi Semegno qarTuli enis dasabami cnobebi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">janaSvilma, romelsac Tavis eris enisa da istoriis winaSe didi damsaxureba miuZRvis, gamosTqva is azri, rom qsenofontes karduxebi qarTvelebis winaprebad unda vaRiaroT.~ Cven</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">( ese igi, mose janaSvili)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> dResac imave azrisa varT, ro</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">melzed</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ac viyaviT</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">1899 wels. karduxebs erqvaT agreTve kardu, romelic unda iyos igive qarTu=qalTu=qalT=qarT (svan. qarT., qarT. qarTli=qarTi=qarT-ari).</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">” erTi qveTavia </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">Sedgeniloba sity</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">v</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">isa</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">qald=xald=qalT=qarT.</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gv. IX: `</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">am striqonebis damwers SeZleba hqonda savsebiT darwmunebuliyo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, rom ena qaldur lursmur </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Zeglwerisa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">~</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aris Zveli qarTuli.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Semdeg</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Si</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qalduri </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">te</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qstebis wakiTxva(</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sul</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">20 Zeglwer</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">isa)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> sruliad davamTavre da es saqme vauwye</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qarTvel sazogadoebas gavrcelebul gazeT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">“komunistis”</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(1924, #4) saSualebiT. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">warwerebis wakiTxva damTavrda da saWirod davinaxeT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">misTvis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">dagvewera</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> zogi ram gramatikuli formebi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saerTo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTvelur-qaldur-sumeruli. agreTve, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">cnobebi Sesaxeb qarTvel modgmis tomTa, maT Tvis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ebis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a da RmerTebisa da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">daskvna</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, rom </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="3">qarTvelni arian igive qaldni da miekuTvnebian sumerTa rasas. </font></b></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qveTavSi 3.10 saTauria `zogi ram qarTvelur gramatikidan da winapar</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Ta</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> saxelebis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Sesaxeb.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gv. 15-dan iwyeba Tavi 4. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gv. 18:</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> CrdiloeTi kavkasia SeerTebuli iyo To</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">b</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">elebis qveyanasTan. eg</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tive kavSiri unda hqoneboda</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tavridas(awindel yirims)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, vinaiTgan aqauri mTebi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">‘</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tavri</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">’</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> iyo gagrZeleba kavkasionisa da es ki</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Suamdinaris mTi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aneTi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, saxelad,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">‘</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tav</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">r</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">isa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">’</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. Tavridis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(yirimis)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Tavri da Suamdinaris Tavri modis qarTuli sityvisgan Tavi, `Tauri.~</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m. janaSvilma ganixila qarTuli damwerlobis gamaumjobesebeli farnavaz mefis saxelis Sinaarsi; daeTanxma ‘qarTlis cxovrebis’ miTiTebas, rom farnavazma Tavisi Zegli dadga mTaze da uwoda Tavisi saxeli ‘armaz’, rac niSnavso ‘mzes’. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">f</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">arnavazis sakiTxi vrclad ganxilvas moiTxovs Cvens mierac, radgan CvenTvis cnobilia im farnavazis mier qalaq tarsinSi//tarsoSi aTiaTasobiT moWrili fulis//faras arseboba. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ramdenime maTgani muzeumebSia daunjebuli, magaliTad, qalaq kopenhagenSi, parizSi, berlinSi da sxvagan. farnavazis fulze aRbeWdilia misi sandomiani, momRimare saxe saTno gamometyvelebiT; gamowyobilia samxedro samoselSi, Cafxuti xuravs. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">f</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ulze qarTuli asomTavruli warweraa: kei-i f-z. mkvlevarma goCa asaTianma amoikiTxa da qaragmebis gaxsniT daadgina, rom weria ‘keisari farnavaz’. farnavazis monetebi daTarirebulia Zv.w.-iT meoTxe saukuniT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mefes mokle wveri amSvenebs</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> waagavs Zveli Tbilisis ubanSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mtkvaris sanapiroze ramdenime wlis winaT dadgmul</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> farnavazis</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saxes</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> did qandakebaze. </font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTul enaSi fulis aRmniSnveli sityva ‘fara’ swored am farnavaz mefis saxels ukavSirdeba, Cemi mosazrebiT. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. janaSvilis zemoxsenebuli xelnaweris meTvramete gverdze weria</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">: amisTana cnobebis Semdeg,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> safiqrebelia erTi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">STamomavlobisa iyos </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sityv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> maziesi (mazisi) – fazisi (bJa=bza=mze) da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">rom sityva </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">fazia – fazianadan gakeTebul iyos </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">[s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">axelwodeba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> kontinentisa n.f.] </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">‘</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">azia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">’</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, mniSvnelobiT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">“</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aRmosavleTi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T, viT dResac svanurSia le-Ja=m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">egrulad </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> bJaiole-sazeo, mziuri, samzeo (le-Ja)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, ese igi, mzis aRmosavleT mxaresTan mWidrod dakavSirebuli cneba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Sumeris, akkadis, qaldes samefos kulturis ganxilvisadmi miZRvnilia mose jana</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vilis arqivis aTasobiT gverdiani sayuradRebo masala. maTze muSaobas vagrZeleb. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">megiruli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">damwerlobiT aRbeWdili literaturi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s kvlevis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Ddargis miRwevebi m. janaSvilis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">moRvaweobis Semdgom, mraval qveyanaSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">kidev metad TvalsaCino</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gaxd</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a. ucxoelma mkvlevarebma amoikiTxes da gamoaqveynes parizSi, berlinSi, osloSi, CikagoSi, romSi, niuiorkSi, londonSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">daunj</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ebuli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">asobiT teqsti lursmnuli damwerlobiT rom iyo aRbeWdili didi xnis winaT, Targmnes frangul, germanul, inglisur da sxva Tanamedrove ramdenime enaze. SeZlebisdagvarad Tvals vadevneb maT miRwevebs. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. janaSvilma didi codna SeiZina, rasac Tavi mouyara gamokvlevebSi, romelTa nawili dRemde gamouqveynebelia. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">u</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">pirvelesad aucilebelia misi .sumeruli’, mitanuri’, qarTlur-megrul-svanuri, SoTa rusTaveliseuli masalis, petriwis masalis sityvaTa ganmartebebis-leqsikonebis gamoqveyneba didi raodenobiT da xelmisawvdom fasad, raTa qarTvelebs mieceT saSualeba SeiTvison da gaiTvaliswinon saqmianobaSi maTSi daunjebuli codna. m. janaSvili </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ruseTis imperiis, Semdeg ki rusuli sabWouri imperiis boboqrobis wlebSi moRvaweobda. viciT, rom iZulebuli iyo gaeTvaliswinebina zogi mcdari, danaSaulebrivi antimecnieruli mosazreba zogi araqarTveli</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gaurkveveli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">warsul</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is mqone</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mcire </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">jgufis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> enis sakiTxze, rodesac </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iTxzveboda da qveyndeboda</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">maTi warsulis sakiTxze d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">idtaniani </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gabuqebuli antiqarTuli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">istoriebi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">xarvezebi an unda gaswordes simarTlis Sesabamisad, an gamoqveyndes swori SeniSnvebis TandarTviT. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">u</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">nda icodes qar</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">velma sazogadoebam m. janaSvilis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gamokvlevebis miRwevebica da naklovani</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">antiqarTuli mosazrebebisadmi misi damokidebulebac. gamoviyenoT misi miRwevebi.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iviviwyo cru varaudebi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m. janaSvilma wamoswia lursmnuli damwerlobiT aRbeWdil teqstebSi moxseniebuli qveyana ‘qarduniaS’-is qarTvelebis saxelmwifod arsebobis sakiTxi, risTvisac dasafasebelia. CemdaTavad vityvi, rom </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Zveli welTaRricxviT meore aTaswleulSi, kerZod, 1500-1300-i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">an wlebSi burnaburi, qadeSmani</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da sxva mefeebi TavianT Tavs qardus// qarduniaS qveynis mefeebad aRiarebdnen da amiT amayobdnen. dadasturebulia qardus saxelmwifos arseboba vrcel miwa-wyalze im ZvelTaZvel xanaSic. is gacilebiT Zvelia, vidre didi xnis Semdgom asureTis mefe TiglaT filasaris warweraSi moxseniebuli politikuri erTeulebi-diaoxi , kolxa, romlebic aaoxra. diaoxi da kolxa TbilisSi gamoqveynebul saxelmZRvaneloebSi qarTvelTa saxelmwifoebriobis uZveles nimuSebad miiCnevian. qarduniaSis//qardus ZvelTaZveli samefo aucileblad unda gaviTvaliswinoT xolme qarTveli eris mier Seqmnili saxelmwifoebis sakiTxTa farTo wris ganxilvisas. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">misken mogviwodebda mkvlevari mose janaSvili. erT-erT JurnalSi axlaxan wavikiTxe lursmnuli damwerlobiT aRbeWdili cnoba ZvelTaZvel dros qveyana “kolixiTi”-s jaris saqmianobaze. imJamindeli kolxeTis didi nawili amJamindeli saqarTvelos respublikis samxreTiT mdebare vrcel aresac moicavs xsenebuli teqstiT. didi stiqiuri movlenis, “warRvnis”</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, merexis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> saxeliT cnobili didi wyaldidobis kvali 1926 wels aRmoaCina londonelma arqeologma leonard vullim. mis erT-erT wigns ewodeba “xaldebis qveyana uri” da aRwerilia arqeologiuri gaTxrebis mimdinareoba misive xelmZRvanelobiT. misi meore wignia “miviwyebuli samefo”, sadac rukaze aRbeWda samef</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">o qarduniaS -</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qarduebis samefo, romelic samxreTiT, deda-mdinareebis: puranunusa da idiganas( Tu idiyanas) SesarTaviT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qaldes yureze, Semdeg ki q</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aldes okeaneze gadioda. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">im kuTxidan okeaniT navebiT gadahqondaT tvirT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i qimeTis// gimeTis samefoSi. (</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gimeTi Zveli egviptis saxelwodebaa imJamindel mkvidrTa enaze). amiT aixsneba, rom navis qarTuli(kerZod, megruli) saxelwodeba “ niSi” ZvelTaganve damkvidrda gimeTSic da kunZul kuratozec//kretazec( amJamad im kunZuls ewodeba “kreta” da ekuTvnis mimdebare kunZuli, romelsac saxelad amJamadac “koloxiTo” anu kolxeTi hqvia iqauri samogzauro biuros sainterneto gzamkvlevis monacemebiT. navis saxeli “niSi” kunZul kuratos( kurato kuros, kurats</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, buRas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> anu sanaSene mamr msxvilfexa saqonels niSnavs qarTulad) anu kretas qalaq FfaTis// faisTos// festos mefis sasaxleSi mopovebul mrgval Tixis nivTze// diskoze aRbeWdil suraT-xatovan( ieroglifur) warweraSic ixsenieba. is nivTi iqve 19</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">08</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> wels arqiteqtorma da arqeologma luiji perniem aRmoaCina. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">misi teqstis amokiTxva asobi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mkvlevarma scada. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saukeTesoa qarTveli mkvlevaris-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gia qvaSilavas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mier amokiTxuli teqsti, romelic moxsenda londonSi festos diskos amokiTxvis sakiTxisadmi miZRvnil saerTaSoriso yrilobaze </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">2008 wels. misma gamokvlevam</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> didi mowoneba </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">da farTod aRiareba </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">daimsaxura</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da moipova</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTebis miwa-wyalze mopovebulia ZvelTaZveli saxelmwifo samoxeleo sabeWdavebi mTesvelebis, mxvnelebis gamosaxulebebiT. qvaze asaxulia qarTebis mefis dalocva venaxSi winare mefis mier. qarTebis erovnuli RvTaebebi enqi, en-lile ZvelTaZvel nivTebze saxvneli mowyobilobiT arian asaxulni. “xani” qarTulSi, kerZod, suanurSi niSnavs “xars”, “xanua” niSnavs xvnas//xanvas; megrulSi imaves niSnavs “xonua”. Tixis filebze lursmanisebri damwerlobiT asaxulia teqsti qerisa da xorblis// qobalis zecidan Camotanaze RvTaeba en-liles mier mTianeTSi, saidanac gaavrceles misma Svilebma barSic. miwaTmoqmedebaze mijaWvuli qarTi eris </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mTeli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ZirZveli miwa-wyalis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">dabrunebaze, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">movla</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da patronoba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ze zrunva</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> misi mTavari movaleoba da daniSnulebaa.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Zeglwerebis dgomareoba da maTi wakiTxvis siZneleebi m. janaSvilma gan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ixila 69-e gverdze( saqme #149):</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Znelad Tu romelime Zeglwera Senaxuli iyos Tavandeli saxiT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mTlianad. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">omtvrevia an Tavi, an bolo, an Sua. Amis gamo aklia an er</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i-ori sityva, an</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eli striqoni, an striqonebi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mas emateba kidev is, rom daSTenili teqsti Zeglwerebisa Cawerilia laTinur</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> anbaniT, romelsac ar abadia iseTi asoebi, viT y, q, w, W, S, x, T, R, Z, j,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">C da sxvani. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">y</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">uruni</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> laTinurad iwereba </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">kuruni</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">qali</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">”</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ”</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">kali</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da misebr sxva sityvebic, darTviT wertilisa asos qvemo an xazisa zemo. magaliTad, giS-Suri-e, eri-du-a-hi da sxva. Amas garda, yovel Zeglweris dasawyisSi, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">x</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">an striqonebis Tavs an striqonSi da Zeglweris bolos svamen asos </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> D</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">da a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">cxadeben</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> es ariso ideogramma da unda mixvde ZeglweraSi misTana adgilebSi ra id</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a anu azri iqneboda. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sreve iqceodnen qar</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ul</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> te</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qstis gadamwerebic: </font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">teqstis T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">avSi, xan yovel sityvis bolos</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> dasvamdnen xolme asos </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”q”</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a es niSnavda ”qristesiT” da teqsts araviTar azrs ar hmatebda, da Zeglwerebis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d-ons aseTi mniSvneloba hqonda Tu sxvanairi, wamkiTxvelis unarianobazea migdebuli.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> teqstSi gvxvdeba bevri Zveleburi qarTuli sityva da forma, raic isev aZnelebs </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Z</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eglweraTa swor </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gagebas da swor wakiTxvas. erT Z</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eglweraSia, magaliTad, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sityva </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iStini, romelic aRarsadaa darCenili garda </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">hereTisa( </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saingilosi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, saca istini niSnavs gaviwvdine, vixmare. iistiun, giistiun, giistiuna=gaviwvdine, gaiwvdine, gaiwvdina. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">tiina=wdiina-wvdena. ”xini”-s </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Ze</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d Targmnian: menua ispuinixini=menua ispuinis Ze. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">agram ZeglweraSi gvxvdeba agre</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ve ”menua ispuiniexi” da amasac Targmnian ispuinis Zed</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">! teqstebSi gvxvdeba qalaqi lueruxini. Cans, qaldurSi daboloeba xini sulac ar yofila Ze. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">r aqceven yuradRebas mravalgvar cvlilebas qarTvelur enaSi, magaliTad, svanur</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Tan-xan=qarTlur TvaliT-gan=ingilour. Toligni-Tolisgni. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vanur</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Sia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Ja-ya-x, xa-ya-x ingilour</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Sia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> G</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">g</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-yava-y, h-yava-y, palemfsetebis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">( tyavze naweri, razec meored sxva teqsts aweren SemdgomSi) qarTuliT aris</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> g-yav-T, x-yav-T. ingilourSia var-y, xar-y, aris-y da sxva. qarTlurSia var-xolme, xar-xolme da sx</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vani</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">y</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vela amis da amisTanas ucodinari ereva saqmeSi da cdilobs aramarto teqstis mowodebas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ise, rogor</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">c aris daSTenili, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aramed Tavis u</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">codinarobiT ufro abnelebs naanderZev teqsts. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ba ras gaigebs kaci </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m. nikolskis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">amgvar</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Targmanidan: #417: xaldini</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(rusulad bogu xaldi), xaldi(bogu xaldi), xaldinini (boJestv. xaldiniiam), xaldime (bog xaldi). #424: xaldie (bogu xaldi), xaldia (bogu xaldi). #452: xaldieni (bogu xaldi). </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s imas hgavs, rom </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sityva </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">RmerTic gesmodes Rm</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">rTad, RmerTnic RmerTad, RmerTisaganac RmerTad, RmerTianac RmerTad! adiSis saxarebaSi gvxvdeba </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">nacvalsaxeli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iginini. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">xvagan mis magier</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> aris </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> iginni=igenni, maT badlad qarTveli kaci ambobs kidev igeni, igini, ageni, aginni, da sx</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">va. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">seve modis qalduris daboloebani nini: qaldini, qaldinini, qaldieni, qaldiSe, qaldia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">//qaldi-a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> viT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">igia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">=igi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">--</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ars</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">; daboloeba Se (qaldiSe) megrul-WanurSi modis mniSvnelobiT naTesaobi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Ti</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> brunvisa: qaldis=qaldisa an qaldisagan. koCiSe-kacis, kacisa-gan, kacigni. jaSe=xis, xisa. qarTvelurSi a da e icvlebian, zogjer (kiloebSi) modis a an e: a-ar-arTi=e-er-erTi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">seve: qaldiSe=qaldisa, qaldiS=qaldis. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sreve:</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> xaldie=xaldia. SeadareT var=va, =voreq =veq</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> xar=xa, oreq eq</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ar=a</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ore e.=a=e</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">SeadareT kidev: ars=arn. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ria-n=svan. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ri-x.</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">o</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">rde-s=orte-s= svan. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">rda-x=(qarTl.) iyvne-s=iyvnen.</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”TualTai”</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">:</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> romeli dgas(gv.7)-dgan zeTi igi(26). MmravlobiTSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">:</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> dganan(7.34)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. m. ja</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">naSvilis naSromebi qaldebis, xeT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ebis, sumerebis kulturaze Zirfesvianad sakvlevia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. ganvagrZob maTze mu</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aobas.</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">L</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">l</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iteratura</font></span></p><ol type="1"><li style=" text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mose janaSvilis arqivi saqarTvelos xelnawerTa erovnul centrSi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aqme #149;</font></span></li><li style=" text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">imave fondis saqme #148;</font></span></li><li style=" text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">imave fondis saqme #155</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a da 155b</font></span></li></ol><p style=" margin-left:36pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">uZvelesi qarTuli literatura</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:36pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Seadgina naTela borisis asulma fofxaZem</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:36pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:36pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m wignis Semdgeneli eTanxmeba mose janaSvilis mosazrebas da uZveles qarTul damwerlobad suraTxatovani, Semdeg ki emegiruli( lursmnuli) damwerloba miaCnia. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ucilebelia </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">am damwerlobiT moRweuli literaturis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> kvlevisadmi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">yuradReba, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mzrunveloba,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">uniWieresi pirvelkurselebis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mozidva.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mizanSewonilia </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">suanurisa da megrulis sametyvelo doneze mainc mcodneT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a Cabma</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, radgan es codna aucilebelia am sferoSi saqmianobisas Sedegis misaRwevad.</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:36pt; margin-right:0pt"> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gamoxmaurebisaTvis: </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">elsmeni: 968522</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:36pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Kkompiuterze akrifa da daakabadona daviT gugavam</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:36pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> daibeWda 100 calad </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:36pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gamomcemloba ”fesvebi”. Tbilisi. dgebuaZis quCa #1</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:36pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> 2009</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:36pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:36pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:36pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="4">Ancient Literature of the Kartuelian Nation</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:36pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Compiled by Natela Borisis-asuli Popkhadze</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:36pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Mose Janashvili in unpublished books stated that the ancient literature of the Kartvelian nation </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">has been</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> written since III millennium in Cuneiform script. This concept is supported in this book. Persons that learned the Suan and the Margali//Megruli in their families will see the affinities and will be a success</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> when they learn that literature.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">The book is targeted at the public at large: advanced pupils, students, parents etc.</font></span> </p><p style=" margin-left:36pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> For contact phone at (995 32) 968522</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:36pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> Published at ”Pesvebi”</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:36pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> Tbilisi. Dgebuadze street, #1</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:36pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> 2009</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:36pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:36pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:36pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:36pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:36pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:36pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:36pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:36pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">ISBN 978-99940-967-4-9</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:right"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">20</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p></div><br>NATELA POPKHADZEhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13568269499155042696noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1993044457595238899.post-82563297999122299872009-08-12T09:59:00.001-07:002009-08-12T09:59:45.066-07:00Aiakartiberia90<div class="Section1"><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">A</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="6"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="6">aiaqarTiiberia</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span> </p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Sead</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gina naTela fofxaZem</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Tbilisi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saqarTvelo</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> 2009</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">xSirad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qveyndeba werilebi, romelSic iTxoven Cveni saxelmwifos moxseniebas aiad an kolxeTad qarTul da yvela ucxour enaze. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">xSirad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mifiqria mec am sakiTxze, radgan georgiad Cveni saxelmwifosa da amerikis qveynis georgiis//jorjiis (sTeiT niSnavs saxelmwifos) moxsenieba kompiuterebsac ki uSlis xels muSaobaSi da Secdomebs aSvebinebs. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aiaqarTiiberia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Sesaferad mimaCnia Cveni mravalaTaswlovani saxelmwifos qarTul//aiaqarTiiberiul da yvela sxva enaze mosaxsenieblad. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">amitom</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> vuwode am krebuls aiaqarTiiberia. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">drois</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gaTvaliswinebiT sworad SevarCie, radgan aia uZvelesi da uZvirfasesi saxelia Cveni qveynisa, Cveni ZvelTaZveli RvTaebis saxelic aris( aia aris anqis//enqis meore saxeli lursmnuli damwerlobiT moRweuli masalis gaTvaliswinebiT). </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> aiasTan SedarebiT gviandeli saxelia da ixsenieba Zv.w. XVII saukunidan mainc, albaT, ufro adrec. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">beria</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> saxeliT ixsenieba Cveni qveyana mraval ZvelTaZvel teqstSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da misi miviwyeba mosawoni ar aris</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aiaqarTiiberia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> saxelwodeba mTlianad moicavs, Cemi TvalTaxedviT, suanmargalebis//suanmegrelebis mier daarsebul aias, qarTus, iveriis//iberiis, kolxeTis, lazeTis, WaneTis mTel miwa-wyals uZvelesi xanidan dRemde. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">weria kabis Sua welze ZvelTaZvel dros gamosaxul medea mefe-qals. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> suraTze vazis mwife mtevnebiT daxunZluli samefo kverTxiT aris asaxuli. TbilisSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mTaze </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">dadgmul qarTveli qalis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">//dedis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Zegls daamSvenebs amgvari samefo kverTxi da mefe-qal medeas saxelis miniWeba. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">p</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">irvel</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> rigSi ki sayovelTaod warmosaCenia aiaqarTiiberiis diadi mefis aietis//aieTis saxe. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">farTod</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> aRsaniSnia yovelwliurad aia dResaswauli.//aioba. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gazafxulzea da soflebSi dRemde uwyvetad grZeldeba misi aRniSnvis Cveuleba. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> re, baia re, baias swors Tanafa re-gva</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">x</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">senebs margaluri leqsi: jer aia dResaswaulia, kviris Tavze baia dResaswaulia (baia </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gazafxulis maxarobeli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">yviTeli yvavilia), kidev erTi kviris Semdeg Tanafa anu aRdgomis dResaswauliao. </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="3">erisa</font></b></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="3"> da saxelmwifos saxeli qarTi,</font></b></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="3">qarTveli, saqarTvelo</font></b></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sityva</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> saqarTvelos Ziria</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qarTi, magram</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Cakargulia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> sityvaSi sa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="3">qarT</font></b></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">velo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da TvalsaCino ar aris maTTvis, visac es ar </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Se</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">uswavlia. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gamo saxelwodeba </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saqarTveloze umjobesia sityva </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="3">qarTi</font></b></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, rogorc eris, ise </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> saxelmwifos saxelad. 2007 wels TbilisSi rusTavelis gamzirze gamomcemloba samSoblos mopirdapire mxares kedelze gaakres feradi plakati, romelzec sityvaSi muqi asoebiT iyo gamoyofili </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="3">art</font></b></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ucxourad mxatvrobas, zogjer xelovnebas niSnavs)</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">da saqarTvelos nacvlad saq</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="3">art</font></b></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">velo ewera.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">p</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">lakati</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> exeboda xelovnebis sakiTxze</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> TbilisSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Casatarebel RonisZiebas. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">axelwodeba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> saqarTvelosadmi aseTi agdebuli damokidebuleba ar </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aris mosawoni da dasagmobia, </font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">radgan vinmem </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">esaZloa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Cveni</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mravalaTaswlovani qveynis saxelSi kart-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gamoyos da banqos saTamaSod waaqezos xalxi, rac pirvel umsgavsobaze uaresi mkrexeloba iqneba. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saqarTvelo(</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">inglisurad Tu vityviT, saqarTvelo, rusulad, sakartvelo) SedarebiT gviandeli saxelwodebaa Cveni saxelmwifosi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">kerZod</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, CemTvis cnobilia misi moxsenieba qardunia//qardu sa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">xel</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iT Zv.w. XVI</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">I</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> saukunidan misi mefeebis werilebiTa da warwerebiT. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">rsebobs</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> misi diadi mefis, guriga</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">l</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">cos gamosaxuleba saxelmwifo sabeWdavze Warmagi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> TeTrwvera, sandomiani saxis, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">swori nakvTebis mqone mamakacad. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">savarZelze</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> zis, w</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">in mcire magidaa, mis iqiT dgas axalgazrda grZelkabiani qali. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">idi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> warweraa lursmnuli damwerlobiT, magram ver amovikiTxe. </font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">suraTi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gadmoviRe</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">o</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. gurneis wignidan.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">q</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">veyana</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qardunias am mefes </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">megobr</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">o</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">xelS</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ekruleba hqonda gaformebuli qveyana misras( misreTi, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> misiri, misiria, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">igive </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">Zveli egvipte</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">) faraosTan da erTgulad icavda. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">g</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">urigalcos</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> vaJma, qardunias mefem burnaburma es Seaxsena weriliT im faraos, amenxotev III-is vaJs, romelsac XIX saukuneSi mkvlevarebi qu</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aTenad ixseniebdnen, amJamad ki eqn-aTenad. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mamebis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> megobruli urTierTobis gagrZ</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ele</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">bis niSnad qardunias am mefem isurva farao eqn-aTenas asul</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ze daqorwineba</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">da</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarduniaSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">misi ga</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">dedofl</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">burnaburisaTvis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">TviT faraos SeuTavazebia, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">magram </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Semdeg ki piroba miuviwyebia. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">b</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">urnaburis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Sexsenebaze moswera, rom es Znelia, radgan manamde misi qveynis arc erTi batoniSvili ar gaTxovila sxva saxelmwifoSi.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">b</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">urnaburma</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">upasuxa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, rom farao//mefe iyo eqnaT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">na da misi neba gadamwyveti unda yofiliyo. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">f</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">araos</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> uWirda asulis Sors gaTxoveba, radgan manamde eqvsi asulidan, vinc nefertitisagan hyavda, oTxi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Savi WiriT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">uceb </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">daexoca, rasac Z</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">lier dardobda. </font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Wiri misiriaSi Seitana ucxoeTis gemze mokalaTebulma Tagvma da didi msxverpli gamoiwvia.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">b</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">urnaburis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> daJinebam gaWra da nefertitisa da eqnaTenas erTi asuli qardunias dedaqalaq kolxa//kalxuSi gadmosaxlda</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, iq, sadac</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mdinare diglaTis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">( SemdgomSi ewoda tigr//tigros)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Sua wel</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qalaqi saukuneTa Tu a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aswleul</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a manZilze</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> iyo qveyanis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> dedaqalaq</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> nangrevebSi arqeologebma ipoves nilosis auzis mosaxleobis kulturis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ramdenime </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">nimuSi.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qalaq</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> kolxas navsadgurSi arqeo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">logebma 199</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">4</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-ian wleb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Si </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">moi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">poves CaZiruli navi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, romelzec a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">R</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aCines nefertitis saxeliT aRbeWdili Z</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">veli nivTi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da sxva nivTebiT daaskvnes, rom nefertitis dros is navi//gemi nilosis auzidan Camovida da moiyvana naTesavebi kolxas dedoflis mosanaxuleblad.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qve</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> vityvi, rom saxelg</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">anTqmuli nefertiti nilosis mxar</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eSi arc dabadebula da arc </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aRz</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">rdila. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aibada</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qardunias CrdiloeTiT mimdebare qveyana </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">miTan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Si. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mef</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> TuS</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ratis asulia. ToTxmeti wlisa gaaTxoves</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ir</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Si//mis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iria</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Si faraos vaJze. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">v</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">idre</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> patarZali amaliT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gzaSi iy</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">o</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, farao</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> garda</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">cval</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da misi vaJi-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">…</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">n</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">efertitis saqmaro batoniSvili</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gaxda</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> farao da Casvlisas daxvda</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ne</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">fertiti</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">misiriis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saxelmwifo sadidebelSi//himnSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iwodeba faraos Z</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">v</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">irfas, sayvarel meuRled. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">f</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">araos</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> dedam SeinarCuna </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">misiria</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qvey</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">nis dedof</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">loba. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">n</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">efertiti</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gadedoflda </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mxolod dedamTilis gardacvalebis Semdeg</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> iyo iqauri wesi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> wesi iyo xeT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s samefoSic Tava-nanas anu samefos pirveli qalis Tanamdebobis miniWebisas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">axelwodeba</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">miTani</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qarTuli</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> sityv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">mTianeTis</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Sesatyvisad mimaCnia. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ose</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> janaSvili </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">am sityvas </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">werda </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">mitani</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> saxiT da masSi arsebul </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">ta</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-s miwad, aqedan ki, qveyanad </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">miiCnevda, radgan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qarTul </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> sityvaSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">talaxi</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">miwad, niadagad miaCnda </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">ta</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ose</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> janaSvilis mravali migneba aRiareb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sa da farTod gavrceleb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Rirsia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">an</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">safuZvlianad </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Seiswavla lursmnuli damwerloba, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mas </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aTwleulebi Sealia da Seadgina sumerul-axalqarTuli,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> aseve,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> miTanur-axalqarTuli</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">leqsikoni</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> xaldeur-axalqarTuli leqsikoni </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> germanulenovani,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">rusulenovani gamokvlevebisa da Tavisi didi codnis safuZvelze. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> naSromebi gamouqveynebelia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> wavikiTxe misive xeliT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gadawerili xelnaweri wignebis saxiT xelnawerTa centrSi TbilisSi 2009 wlis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">5-26 </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ivlis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is bolos samuSao darbazi daiketa erTi TviT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">zafxul</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">o</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Sesvenebis gamo.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mxolod</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ramdenime teqstis wakiTxva da dafaseba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> movaswari</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">anamde</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mose janaSvilis am kuTxiT saqmianobaze araferi msmenoda. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aramcTu</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> farTo sazogadoebam, aramed dargis saqveynod aRiarebulma specialistebmac ki ar</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aferi</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ician am kuTxiT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mis saqmianobaz</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">rada, misi naazrevis droulad gamomzeureba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> xels Seuwyobda mSvidobas, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">agvacilebda omebsa da sisxlisRvras regionSi da mimdebare mxareebSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, radgan saukeTesod da samarTlianad warmoaCina mTeli ZirZveli saqarTvelo: suanebis, margalebis, maT Soris, lazebis,Wanebis mier aTaswleulebis manZilze arsebuli samefoebis ga</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">n</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">fenilobis mTavari sakiTxi: xmelTaSua zRvis aRmosavleTi sanapirodan aRmosavleTiTa da Crdilo-aRmosavleTiT mimdebare vrceli midamo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s CaTvliT, kerZod, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> kaspiis tba-zRvis dasavleTiT mdebare kavkas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">isa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">am tbis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> samxreT-aRmosavleTiT mimdebare kavkas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> anu orive kavkas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is CaTvliT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. janaSvilis xelnawerSi amovikiTxe, rom mdinare tigris//tigrosis Zveli saxeli diglaT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> formiT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> dijlaT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ixsenieba SoTa rusTavelis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">vefxistyaosan</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">-</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Si.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ubedurebis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gamo </font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">tirali moqmedi gmiris cremlebis mdinare Sedarebulia did mdinare dijlatTan. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vefxistyaosanSi(</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> 1937 wlis gamocemaSi) gakvriT ixseniebian qurdni: saomrad movidnen qurdnio. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTulSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qurdi niSnavs sxvisi qonebis mparavs. xsenebul teqstSi ki qurdi mparavs ki ara, Cems erovnebas niSnavso, ganacxada vefxistyaosani</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> wignis saiubileo, pavle ingoroyvas xelmZRvanelobiT 1937 wels gamoqveynebuli teqstis erT-erT ucxour enaze misi 1938 wels Sesrulebuli Targmanis( mTargmneli 1945 wels gardaicvala) 2009 wels gamoqveynebuli wignis redaqtorma g. anyosma. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Targmani daibeWda TbilisSi, antiqarTuli suliskveTebiT savse naira gelaSvilis xelmZRvanelobiT arsebuli “kavkasiis saxlis” saxeliT, germaneli kerZo pirisadmi Txovnis Sedegad miRebuli TanxiT.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">g</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. anyoss lursmnuli damwerloba da literatura Seuswavlia Tbilisis universitetSi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">1937 wlis Semd</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">egdroindel vefxistyaosanSi taeps qurdebis omze aRar beWdavdnen, radgan gviandel yalb CanarTad aRiares.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mogaxsenebT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, rom qurj-ad ixseniebdnen arabebi qristian qarTvelebs, xolo danarCen qarTvelebs ki qurT-ad//qurd-ad. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">es</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Sevityve inglisurenovani erTi gamokvleviT aTiode wlis winaT. es ganmarteba Tavis mxriv sazogadoebas gaacno arabuli enis mcodne goCa jafariZem TbilisSi sajaro biblioTekaSi 2008 wels wakiTxul Tavis moxsenebaSi; kerZod, rom Sua saukuneebis arabul xelnawerebSi aRbeWdili sityva </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="3">qurT</font></b></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qarTvels niSnavda. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">XIX-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">XX saukune</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Si rusul da sxva ucxour enebze mTargmnelebi qarTvelis aRmniSnvel sityva qurTs Targmnidnen </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">araqarTvel </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qurTad(</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">da</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ara qarTvelad) </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sityva q</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">urTis Sinaarsis damaxinjebuli, S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ecvlili mniSvnelobiT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">da ase iqna SemoRebuli sityva qurTis araqarTulad, araqarTvelad gagebis mimarTulebao. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">v</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">nanob</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, rom axalgazrdobisas ver mivxvdi imis aucileblobas, rom arabulenovani teqstebis qurT//qurd-is sxva enebze Targmnisas Sinaarsis gayalbebis SemTxvevebi mekvlia da gamomeqveynebinao. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">xla</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> sadRa mcaliao. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> sakiTxi sagangebod gamosamzeurebelia da warmosaCenia, radgan sityva qurT-is </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">axal, gayalbebul gagebazea agebuli evraziaSi kidev </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">erTi didi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">axali omis gamowvevis ucxouri gegma. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">es</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qarTveli eris ZirZveli miwa-wyalis didi nawilis kidev metad gapartaxebas, mosaxleobis Jletas gamoiwvevs da am mosalodnel ubedurebas simarTlis warmoCeniT unda daupirispirdes wesieri adamianebis sazogadoeba msoflioSi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">davubrundeT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gansaxilvel sakiTxs. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">q</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">veyana</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qardunia lursmnuli damwerlobiT ixsenieba </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">qardu</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> saxiTac. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">isi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> dedaqalaqi kalxu//kolxa daaarsa gmirma mefe</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> anmarem, romelsac SemdgomSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">u</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">cxoeli mTargmnelebi maTi enisa da d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">amwerlobis naklovanebaTa Sedegad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">nimrodad da nebroTad ixseniebdnen. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">uzustobas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> iwvevda is, rom maTs enebSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ar werdnen xmov</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">nebs, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">arc sasven niSnebs</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">nmare</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">//nimrods rom moesurvebina, Tavis daarsebul qalaqs Tavis saxels TviTonve uwodebda</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, cxadia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">se</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ar moiqca da kolxa uwoda, riTac SeZlebisdagvarad </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ukvdavhyo </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saxeli kolxa. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aseTi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mowiwebis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">erTaderT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mizeza</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d mimaCnia anmare//nimrod//nebroTis</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> kolx</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">oba//kolxeloba//</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">margal</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">oba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">//suan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">oba</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">//</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tvel</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">oba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> daskvnis Semdeg </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ver</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> virwmun</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ruseTis imperatoris karze </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tu sadme sxvagan </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTvelebis mtrebis mier Seryvnili da gadakeTebuli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">im </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">teqsti</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s sandoobas, siswores, romelsac </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">qarTlis</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">cxovreba-</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d ixsenieben xolme.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, dedanSi ki sxva saTauri a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">weria</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">: </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">cxoreba qarTuelTa da</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">mefeTa maTTa</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> savsea qar</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tvelebis salanZRavi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ucnauri da cru</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> masaliT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTveli</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mas ar dawerda</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">edaqalaqad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> kolxas//kalxu</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> didi xnis Semdgom</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> sxva qalaqi, ninia//ninevia </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">amjobines.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">k</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">idev</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ganvlo </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">did</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ma</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> xan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ma</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da mefe asurnasirfalma Tavisi dedaqalaqis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ninia//nineviidan </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">kalxuSi gadatana isurva. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Zveli kalxus sasaxleebi, ta</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Z</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">rebi, nagebobebi aRarafrad vargodneno, werda.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">x</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">alxi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, Tanxebi moizida da ganaaxla kalxu. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ise didad eama</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, rom aTdRiani zeimi gadaixada. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aTiaTasobiT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> warmomadgeneli</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> miiwvia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mravali kuTxidan, qalaqidan, dasaxlebidan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">;</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> axali sazeimo tansacm</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">li</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">yoveldRiurad </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">abazani</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s miRebiT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, ufaso sasmel-saWmeliT uzrunvelhyo </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">yvela stumari </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">da saCuqrebiT gaistumra Sin.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qveyana</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">q</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ardunias arsebob</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is Sesaxeb </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">lursmnuli damwerlobiT aRbe</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">W</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">dil teqs</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">tebSi icoda mose janaSvilma, qal</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">de qveyanad, saqarTvelod</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> miiCnevda.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">es</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mosazreba </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ramdenime xelnawer wignSi aRbeWda da daurTo Tavisi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Sedgenili </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ruqac, sadac qardunia Zv.w. meore aTaswleulSi mTels mesopotamiaSi aRbeWda.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">isi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mimdebare vrceli midamoc</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> CrdiloeTiT naxevarkunZul aias//yirimis naxevarkunZulis CaTvliT, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qarTi//qarTveli//kolxi eris ZirZvel samSoblod miiCnia da aRiara. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">es</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">woria da veTanxmebi.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> 1967 </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">wels</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> lursmnuli damwerlobiT aRbeWdil teqstebSi qardunias arseboba aRniSna disertaciaSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> TbilisSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tengiz SaraSeniZem. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">q</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">alaqad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da ara saxelmwifo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d miiCnia. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTTan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, saqarTvelosT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">an </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">misi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">raime kavSiri ar uxsenebia disertaciaSi, xolo ra moxda disertaciis ganxilvisas, dasva </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tu ara </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vinmem es sakiTxi, ar vici, ar veswrebodi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">imJamad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> vswavlobdi da am dargs ar vicnobdi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">omdevno</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> aTwleulebSi kidev ufro minavlda TbilisSi sityva qardunias </font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">lursmnuli damwerlobiT aRbe</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">W</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">dil</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> teqsteb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is xseneba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da aravisagan msmenia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">g</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">anvlo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> xanma da TbilisSi gavrcelda internetis sistema. 1994 wlidan </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">TandaTan xelmisawvdomi gaxda sorosis fondis centrSi da</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Semdeg, Tbilisi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> sajaro </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">biblioTekaSi(</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> amJamad saqarTvelos parlamentis ilia WavWavaZis saxelobis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">biblioTeka ewodeba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">avinteresdi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> sityva qardu//qarTuze </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">msoflioSi arsebuli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">masaliT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">;</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gamoviZaxe internetis saSualebiT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sityva qardu </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">laTinuri anbaniT da amoizida qardunias mefeTa wer</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ilebi Z</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">v</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.w. meore aTaswleulisa:</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">g</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">urigalcos, burnaburis, qadaSmanis da sxvaTa. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">wavikiTxe</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> maTi momowera faraoebTan, Sevityve, rom nefertitis dabadebis saxelia TaTu, xolo nefertiti sadedoflo saxelad uwodes nilosispira qveyana</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> misiriaSi//nisiria</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Si Casaxlebis Semdgom. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> masalas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gavecani ramdenime ucxouri qveyanis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> inglisur</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da frangulenovani masaliT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ufasod xelmisawvdomad, risTvisac CemTvis ucnob mraval adamians madlobas vuZRvni: gamokvlevebis Semdgenlebs, teqstis amkrefebs, mesuraTeebs, rukebis mxazvelebs, internetiT gamomqveyneblebs-yvelas. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">maTi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> muxlCauxreli</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Sromis Sedegad Sevityve Cemi saqarTvelos </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saxelmwifos Zve</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">l</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Ta</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Zveli warsuli da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">misi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Zveli saxeli-qardunia, misi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ZvelTaZveli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mefeebis saxelebi da</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> maTi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> saqmianobis miRwevebi.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> codniT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aRWurvili </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">daveswari istoriis institutSi mimdinare </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">yrilobas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, romelzec ganixileboda guram yoranaSvilis wignaki, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">romelSic</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> uCioda da gmobda im Tbilisel mkvlevarebs,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> vinc miiCnevda, rom saqarTvelos saxelmwifos sami aTasi weli Seusrulda 2003 wels da es izeima respublikam.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aujereblad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, usafuZvlod Tvlida </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Zv.w. pirvel </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aTaswleulSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ellinur</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da lursmnul</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> damwerlobiT aRbeWdil teqstebSi naxseneb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> diaox</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sa da kolxas qarTveleb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is saxelmwifo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d aRiareb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is SesaZleblobas. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">g</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">yoranaSvilis wignakSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">//broSuraSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ewera, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">rom farnavazamde qarTvelebs saxelmwifo ara hqonda</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da diaoxi, kolxa ar iyo qarTuli, aramed, raRac sxva, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">araqar</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">uli</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> warmonaqmni</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> iyo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">dasabuTebulad</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Seedava ramdenime mkvlevari. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ariam</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> lorTqifaniZem </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iqve </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">waikiTxa moxseneba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> sadavo sakiTxze</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">oxsenebis bolo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> nawili</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> kiTxvisas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gavugzavne, gadavawode orwinadadebiani Cemi teqsti, sadac vwerdi, rom didi arqeologis, leonard vullis mier </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">1956 wels londonSi gamoqveynebul </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">wignSi ‘mivi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">wy</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ebuli samefo’ aris ruqa, sadac mTeli SuamdinareTi aris qardunia; rom is saqarTvelod mimaCnia da vTxov</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> sazogadoebas am cnobis gaTvaliswineba. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">r</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">uqis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> asli vaaxle</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da xalxiT gadaWedil darbazSi myof orasze met adamians uCvena kaTedridan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">arbazidan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> oTar </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">lorTqifaniZem Cailaparaka, rom l.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> v</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ulli cnobili arqeologi iyo. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">w</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">amodga grigol giorgaZe(</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">lursmnuli damwerlobisa da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">am damwerlobiT aRbeWdili</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> literaturis maswavlebeli Tbilisi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ivane </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">j</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">avaxiSvilis saxelobis universitetSi, da ganacxada yvelas gasagonad, rom qardunia namdvilad ixsenieba Zve</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">l</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">TaZvel teqstebSi, magram mas qarTvel erTan da saqarTvelosTan kavSiri ar aqvs, is ar iyo saqarTvelo, iq ar cxovrobdnen qarTvelebi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s qardunia sxva, ucxouri qveyana iyo.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ainteresda </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">rukis m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">omtani</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s vinaobiT, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ikiTxa, T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">u </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">veswrebodi sxdomas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s sakiTxi saqarTveloSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mxolod </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">or adamians gvainteresebs</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">o</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, Tqva</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, riTac gamaoca</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. t</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eqstebSic ixsenieba qardunia da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">isini gamoqveynebylia mravaljer,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ganacxada</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">man</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">xdomis damTavrebisTanave gavecani da vTxove literaturis miTiTeba, sadac</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, misi sityviT,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ixsenieba qveyana qardunia. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Sempirda moZiebas.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">amiode kviris Semdeg samecniero RonisZiebaze micno, gulis jibidan amoiRo Tavisi xeliT gadawerili nawyvetebi qarduniaze literaturis miTiTebiT da Tavisi daskvniT, rom lursmnuli damwerlobiT aRbeWdil </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">teqstebSi naxsenebi qardunia ar aris qarTulTan, qarTvelurTan raimeTi dakavSirebuli</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da romeliRac</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> araqarTveli eris saxelmwifo iyo; rom SemTxveviTi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">damTxveva, msgavseba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> im ZvelTaZveli saxelmwifo </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qarduniasi</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">da qardu//qarTveli</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, saqarTvelo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> saxelwodebisa.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">erTmaneTTan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> dakavSireba SeuZleblad miiCnia. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> arafers ni</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">navs</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">o</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, Tqva</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">isi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> xelnaweri Sevinaxe.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">isi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> naTqvami da naweri ar davijere, antiqarTul gamoxdomad miviCnie</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, misi araqarTveli germaneli iudeveli nacimbirali dedis zemoqmedebad miviCnie</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da amitom </font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">k</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vleva kidev meti mondomebiT ganvagrZe.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">maSin</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> aravis uxsenebia mose janaSvilis xelnaweri wignebi, sadac dawvrilebiT aris ganxiluli qardunias, qaldes, mitanis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> katbadukas, xiTis//xeTas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> kolxuroba//qarTuloba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ose</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> janaSvilis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> erTi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gamokvleva </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mqonda mxolod wakiTxuli: </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">‘abxazia </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> abxazci’, sadac abxazebad absua enaze Tu dialeqtze metyveli pirebi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">hyavda</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> miCneulni. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">kargad</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">v</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">icodi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> rom afxazi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Cveulebrivi qarTvelia, umTavresad, margali//megreli. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">afxazeTi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qarTvelebis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">RviZli nawilis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">kuTxuri saxelia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">afxazebis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mSobliuri ena qarTulia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">araqarTuli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">afxazuri ena arasodes arsebula bunebaSi da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ar arsebobs dRes</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">wigni</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> daviwune. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Afxazur enad moskovis mTavrobam da mis mier daniSnulma saqarTvelos xelisuflebam da mecnierebaTa akademiis xelmZRvanelebma gamoacxades romeliRac mcire uvxouri tomis narCenis metyveleba.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ose</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> janaSvili antiqarTvelad miviCnie da SeviZule. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">isi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> aRaraferi wavikiTxe da ar vicodi, rom hqonia sayuradRebo, marTali gamokvlevebic.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">2009</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">wlis ivlisSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">wavikiTxe</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qeTevan genebaSvilis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sakandidato </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> diserta</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">c</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mose janaSvilze. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iq</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gakvriT iyo </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">dasaxelebuli misi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> sumerul</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-qarTuli</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> leqsikoni</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, romelic mis arqivSia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> xelnawerTa centrSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ivedi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> xelnawer</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a centrSi,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> sadac 1981 wels xelSekrulebis safuZvelze arqeografiulad davamuSave mixeil TamaraSvilis ucxoenovani arqivis didi nawili.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">wavikiTxe</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> misi arqivis</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aRweriloba, SevarCie ramdenime teqsti da sulmou</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qmelad vikiTxe ramdenjerme. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">amasobaSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> oc</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iod dRe gavida da centris samkiT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">xvelo er</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eze meti xan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> daketes</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> 26 ivlisidan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vin</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ebrZvis qarTi//qarTveli eris warsuls? </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vin</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> akninebda da Cqmalavda, ugulvelyofda misi ZirZveli vrceli miwa-wyalis Sesaxeb arsebul sabuTebs</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, maTs Soris, mose janaSvilis gamokvlevebs</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">? </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">istoriis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> institutis direqtori giorgi qsenofontovi, erovnebiT elini( rusulad Tu vityviT, grek). ormoc wels gadacilebuli iyo, rodesac ruseTSi disertaciis dacvis Semdeg TbilisSi ori kaci Camohyva moskovidan, raTa wesis darRveviT, misTvis qarTuli gvari meliqiSvili da erovneba qarTveli mieniWebina Tb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ilisis saTanado dawesebulebas. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">torikosebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ar aRiarebdnen mis qarTvelobas da Zveleburad qsenofontovad ixseniebdnen. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> aRbeWdilia saqarTvelos radios Zveli Canawerebis masalaSi, romelic drodadro qveyndeba radioTi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sakandidato</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> disertacia qsenofontovis gvariT aqvs daculi, pirad saqmeSi erovnebad miTiTebuli aqvs ‘berZeni’. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Semdgom</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i gvaric </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ecvlilia da erovnebad qarTvelia aRniSnuli.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">“Tavsa axliT vervin iSobs”.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">adamiani</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ibadeba mSoblebis erovnebis Sesatyvisi erovnebiT. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">misi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Secvla –gadakeTeba uTavbolobas iwvevs da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">arsad </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ar unda xdebodes.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">g</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qsenofontovma dabadebis welic gadaikeTa, Seimcira, raTa </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saqarTveloSi dadgenili asakis zRvaris miRwevis Semdegac darCeniliyo </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">direqtorad,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> kerZod,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">istoriis institutis direqtorad da gaegrZelebina antiqarTuli saqmianoba. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">storikosma</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> guram yoranaSvilma masobrivi saSu</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">alebebiT warmoaCina, rom g. qseno</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">fontovma gardacvlili TanamSromelis piotr uSakovis naSromi gaasaRa Tavis gamokvlevad da samecniero xarisxi am danaSaulebrivi saSualebiT moipova. G. qsenofontovis antiqarTuli saqmianobis mavneblobaze lursmnuli damwerlobisa da sumeruli literaturis mkvlevari mixeil wereTeli aRSfoTebiT werda </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saqarTvelos respublikis erT sofelSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tavis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i gardacvlili</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Zm</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is meuRles</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> munxenidan 1960 wels</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">; iq</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> cxovrobda imJamad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, saqarTvelos damoukidebeli respublikis dapyrobis Semdeg ruseTis wiTeli jaris mier. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">amecniero</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> yrilobaze Sexvedria germaniaSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">g. qsenofontov-meliqiSvils </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">da gasaubrebia, rogorc egona, qarTvel adamians, amdenad, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">rogorc </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">imedovnebda</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTuli sa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qmis gulSematkivars. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ukiTxavs</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">u romeli soflidan iyo misi ojaxi da uTavbolo pasuxiT mimxvdara, rom</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qarTuli gvari</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> meliqiSvili misTvis fandi, Tejiri iyo, raTa antiqarTuli saqme SeniRbulad ekeTebina. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mixeil</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">MwereTeli</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">SiSobda, rom aRmosavleTmcodneobis dargSi moRvawe Tavisi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ZmisSvil</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gogia//</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">giorgi wereTeli giorgi qsenofontovs, imave dargis akademoss, raime xifaTs ar gadaeyara da misi sicocxle safrTxeSi ar Caegdo.. </font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ufrTxildi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mag mavne kacs,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qsenofontovs;</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> araferi avnos</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gogias.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tavad i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ci, rom maseT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i pirovnebebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> yovelgvar danaSauls kadruloben da bedaveno</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, werda Zmis cols</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">giorgi wereTelic aRmosavleTmcodneobis dargSi muSaobda.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">xsenebuli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">werili</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s Sinaarsi: m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">unxeni, 4 seqtemberi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">1960</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> weli</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">maro</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, albaT axla dabrunebuli iqmnebi Telavidan da gwer pasuxs Sens werilzed</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ar var kargad da amitom Senc momiteve Cemi najRabni da es mcire werili. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">damCemda</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> saSineli Tavis tkivilebi, sul loginSi vwevar, 24 saaTidan TiTqmis 16 saaTs. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mas</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ra eSveleba. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Zalian davberdi da mwuxarebamac momtexa.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Cems kuTvnil wignebs</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> anu</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> biblioTekas rac Seexeba, Seni mteri ar aris</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> me magiT veRar visargeblo.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">kidevac</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">r</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">om meRirsos mad yofna, mainc ver visargebleb, ra</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ganac Zala aRar Semwevs gonebrivi muSaobisa. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mitom</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> jobia gogiam(</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ZmisSvilma) gadaitanos Tavis binazed da mas hqondes da isargeblos. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">q</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> bevri ram aris misi dargisa da gamoadgeba. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> vis unda davutovo, gogias meti vinRa damrCa Cemiani da natamali. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ere</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, roca dro iqmneba, Tu unda</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gadasces akademias</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Torem rad minda an saxeli Cemi da an sxva ram. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">r</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">odesac</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qsenofontovis wigni wavikiTxe,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> eg</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> misi “napadlecari”, maSinve Semomivida gonebaSi eWvi, rom is meliqiSvili ar unda yofiliyo. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">n</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">amdvili</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> meliqiSvili imas ar dawerda. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">xla</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ki vici, vinc yofila eg uRirsi, magram ar ifiqro, rom an maSin mwyenodes misi “padlecoba” an axla mwyindes. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">yvelas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> rac dagviweria am saganzed, yvelaferi dabeWdilia. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">wi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, visac ainteresebs, naxavs, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tu </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vis ra gaukeTebia. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">agan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ra unda damaklos! </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">n</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eta</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> sxva mwuxareba ar mawamebdes. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mitom</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, gTxov, uTxra gogias, daanebos Tavi mag oxers, viRacaa. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Cemi gulisTvis nu Relavs.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">meSinia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> kidec, araferi dauSavos </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="3">muxanaTma</font></b></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, xom ici, eg xalxi daundobelia. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">q</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> erTma ukve sakadrisi pasuxi gasca qsenofontovs da misi namdvili vinaobac gaamJRavna. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">g</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ogias</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> didi madloba uTxari, rom Tavisi patara qalisaTvis ubeduri dedaCemis saxeli maia </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">daurqmevia. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">omwere male, Tu SesZeli, rogor gaatare zafxuli TelavSi, an Tu ici rame iseTi, raic mowerad Rirs, da momikiTxe yvelani siyvaruliT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Senianebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ca </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da Cemianebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">c</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">yav</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> kargad. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Cemi Svilis-SvilisTvis Tu raime gaqvs dasatovari, Seinaxe.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tavis droze gaiRebT albaT.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">g</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">wers</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ixako</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">muxanaTi, flidi, moRalate, antiqarTveli-ase daaxasiaTa giorgi qsenofontov-meliqiSvili imave </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">dargSi(</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> lursmnuli damwerlobiT aRbeWdili ZvelTaZveli masalis kvleva, Targmna) moRvawe mixako//mixeil wereTelma. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">xla</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> vnaxoT, rogor dagmo g. qsenofontovis saqmianoba da Tviseba qsenofontovis TanamSromelma istorikosma guram yoranaSvilma. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saqarTvelos</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> dedaqalaq TbilisSi gazeTSi gamoaqveyna werili. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">daasaTaura</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mravlismetyvelad: </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">akademikosi, romelic</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">sul cruobs</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saqarTveloSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> rom crupentelobis dargSi Cempionati( Sejibri) Catardes, eWvi ar mepareba, rom masSi akademikos giorgi meliqiSvils toli ar eyoleba. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> niWiT igi marTlacda didadaa dajildoebuli. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> emateba Sesaferisi socialuri( sazogadoebrivi), kerZod, samecniero garemo( TanamSromlebisa da zemdgomebis-mecnierebaTa akademiis xelmZRvanelebis wre</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> igulisxmeba n.f.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">), romelSic misma talantma ( gamorCeulma niWma) friad farTo gasaqani hpova. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">f</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aqtia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, rom giorgi meliqiSvili ar sjerdeba Tavisi aRniSnuli didi niWis gamovlenas cxovrebaSi, maT Soris, istoriisa da eTnografiis institutis direqtoris postze( Tanamdebobaze) da amiT mecnierebaSic uxvad sargeblobs. Tu dainteresdebiT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> amasTanave</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> logikuri da kritikuli azrovneba odnav mainc </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tu </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">giWriT da CaxedavT mis nawerebs, dainaxavT, rom, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Turme, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">magaliTad, erTi mxriv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qarTvelebi aborigenebi( ZirZveli eri) vyofilvarT Cveni d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">R</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">evandeli miwa-wylisa, magram</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> meore mxriv, amave teritoriaze sul sxva xalxebi (indoevropelebi, xuritebi, vainaxebi, daRestnuri modgmis xalxebi, afxaz-adiReelebi (da protoxeTebi)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> cxovrobdnen. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">erTi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mxriv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qveyana </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">diaoxi xuritebiT dasaxlebuli qveyana yofila, xolo meore mxriv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qarTvelTa gaerTianebasac warmoadgenda</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Turme</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">asperebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> TiTqos qarTveluri modgmisa iyvnen, magram amasTanave</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, qsenofontovi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> SaviT TeTrze</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> xSirad wers, rom isini xuriteb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i iyvnen</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da ase Semdeg. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">u</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">bedureba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, rom am “mecnierul” abdaubdas saTanadod ver acnobiereben araTu rigiTi mkiTxvelebi, aramed qarTveli akademikosebi, wevr-korespondentebi, mecnierebaTa doqtorebi da m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">isTanani. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">r</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ogorc</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> cnobilia, giorgi meliqiSvils Secvlili aqvs gvari, saxeli, erovneba, magram, Cvenda samwuxarod, amiT qarTuli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">samSoblos siyvarulis, erTgulebisa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da erovnuli TviTSegnebis TvalsazrisiT mas araferi SeuZenia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">misi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> zemoaRniSnuli saxis niWiereba amiT ar SeCereb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ula.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> dRemde gvarwmunebs, rom dabadebulia 1918 wlis 30 dekembers </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">misi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">80 wlis iubilesaTvis. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">agram</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> g. meliqiSvili amjeradac tyuis: igi dabadebulia ara 1918, aramed 1915 wels. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gTavazobT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> amis damadasturebel dokumentebs (sabuTebs), romlebic saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa centralur </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">( mTavar) </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">arqivSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">( sacavSi)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> moviZieT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”-wers</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">g</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">uram yoranaSvili. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">w</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">erils</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> axlavs sami saarqivo sabuTis fotoasli, sadac garkveviT ikiTxeba, rom misi gvaria qsenofontovi, da</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">badebulia 1915 wlis dekemberSi, rom m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">isi erovnebaa berZeni. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mSoblebis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> sazogadoebrivi mdgomareobis safexuri aRniSnuli aqvs ase: moqalaqeTa wridan. 1939 </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">wels</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> daamTavra stalinis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saxelobis Tfilisis saxelmwifo universitetis fakulteti da dargi istoriisa. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">esame sabuTia misi xeliT naweri avtobiografia, sadac weria: me, giorgi aleqsandres Ze qsenofontovi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> davibade 1915 wlis 30 dekembers qalaq TbilisSi mosamsaxuris ojaxSi. 1931 </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">wels</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> davamTavre q. Tbilisis 23-e arasruli saSualo skola-amis Semdeg ori weli 1931-33w.w. vswavlobdi industri</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ul</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> teqnikumSi, Semdeg ki 1933-35w.w. Tbilisis 14-e srul saSualo skolaSi, romelic davamTavre 1935 wels. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mave</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> 1935 wels Cavabare misaRebi gamocdebi Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetSi da Caricxul viqeni aRni</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">nuli….. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">g</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. qsenofontovi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> didxans iyo TbilisSi istoriis institutis direqtoris moadgile, Semdeg ki, direqtoris</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-niko berZeniSvilis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gardacvalebisTanave, direqtorad dainiSna. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aseTi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> direqtori rom samsaxurSi mamuliSviluri suliskveTebiT gulanTebul niWier mkvlevarebs arc miiRebda da arc daawinaurebda, aSkaraa. </font></span></p></div><br>NATELA POPKHADZEhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13568269499155042696noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1993044457595238899.post-2947858669977648452009-08-10T21:59:00.001-07:002009-08-10T21:59:28.592-07:007sasamar9jt<div class="Section1"><p style=" margin-left:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="2">NnaTela fofxaZe</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:30pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="2"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:30pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="2">qarTueli eris ‘afxazebad’ aRricxuli nawilis qarTuli TviTSegnebis aRorZinebisa da saqarTueloSi ssrk-is droidan SemorCenili mavne gadmonaSTebis aRmofxvris aucileblobis Sesaxeb</font></b></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="2"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="2">gamoCenilma mecnierma, strasburgis universitetis erovnebaTmcodneobis kaTedris gamgem, profesorma frederik diubua de monperem mowiwebiT moixsenia `diadi qarTveli eri, romelic istoriis dasabamidan cxovrobs kavkasiis yelze _ Savi, azovis zRvebidan kaspiis zRvamde da mimdebare mxareebSi, gulmodgined darajobs mas. ise, rogorc xeze miSvebul vazs, grigali Trgunavs da vazi droebiT miwaze gaerTxmeba, gamodarebis Semdeg ki welSi swordeba da Zvel iers ibrunebs, aseve qarTveli eri (nasion, nacia) ucxoelebis Semosevebis Semdeg welSi Zveleburad imarTeba da aravis aZlevs imis uflebas, rom qarTvelebi TavianTi samSoblodan amoZirkvos~ (f. diubua. `vuaiaJ otur de kavkaz~ anu mogzauroba kavkasiaSi. parizi. 1839 w. wigni 1. frangul enaze).</font></i></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="2">Tu f. diubua qarTvelebs diad (veliki narod , grand nasion) ers gviwodebda, qarTveli meCeqmis da msaxuri qalis Raribi Svili ioseb juRaSvili misi samSoblos dampyrob rusebs uwodebda diad ers da es gansazRvreba ise myarad daumkvidra rusebs, rom aTwleulebis manZilze am gansazRvrebis gareSe rusebis xsenebas bevri ver bedavda. ruseTis imperatoris droSaze ruseTis daarsebis TariRad 875 welia amoqarguli. imxanad ki saqarTvelos mravalaTaswlovani istoria, saxelmwifoebrioba, kultura gaaCnda. ruseTis mefeebi didxans uxdidnen xarks yirimis xanebs da qarTveli didebulis _ nikoloz daviTis Ze bagrationis Svilma petrem (petre pirvelma didma , ruseTis mefem ) Seuwyvita xanebs xarkis gadaxda. yirimis saxano SeebrZola monRolebs da gandevna, riTac ruseTmac isargebla da monRolebis uRlisgan TavisTavad, uomrad ganTavisuflda. samwuxarod, qarTveli bolSevikebi SemouZRvnen ruseTis jars saqarTveloSi da daamxes saqarTvelos respublika, rasac qarTveli eri maT arasodes ar miutevebs.</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="2">Aafxazi qarTvelTa erTerTi kuTxuri saxelia, rogorc guruli, qarTleli. Aabsua eTnosi kimudam afxazeTisgan Sors cxovrobda:—uralSi da axlac iq cxovrobs. 1600 wels misi nawili momTabareobda azovis zRvis CrdiloeTiT arsebul velebze, saidanac ruseTma suvorovis meTaurobiT gandevna. e.w. ‘afxazuri’ (sinamdvileSi sxva xalxis—absuas) ena afxazeTSi pirvelad 1995 wels gamocxadda saxelmwifo enad (qarTul enasTan erTad) _ ruseTis karnaxiT. 1994 wels v. arZinbas teroristuli jgufisaTvis ruseTSi ruseTis mier rusulad Seqmnil e.w. afxazeTis respublikis konstituciaSi saxelmwifo enad aRniSnulia afxazuri (gulisxmoben absuurs) ena da rusuli ena. 1995 wlis saqarTuelos axali konstituciiT afxazeTSi saxelmwifo ena e.w. afxazuri da qarTulia . afxazuri ena ar arsebobs. aqedanac cxadia, rom simarTle aRsadgenia da uTavboloba aRsakveTia. aTaswleulebis manZilze samefos saxiT saqarTuelos arsebobis xanaSi saxelmwifo ena afxazeTSic da danarCen saqarTveloSic qarTuli iyo. mxolod qarTuli ena iyo saxelmwifo ena saqarTvelos demokratiul respublikaSic 1921 wlamde _ ruseTidan bolSevikebis jaris Semosevamde. DdRes qarTveli afxazebis adamianis ufleba mSobliuri qarTuli enis gamoyenebis sakiTxSi fexqveS gaTelilia. aucileblad migvaCnia saqarTvelos nawilSi _ afxazeTSi-- sxva xalxis _ absua eTnosis ( romlis gansazRvra da gamorCeva sxva xiznebisagan aravis ar SeeZlo winaT da arc dRes aravis ar SeuZlia) mSobliuri enisaTvis afxazeTSi saxelmwifo enis statusis CamorTmeva Semdeg garemoebaTa gamo : saqarTvelos istorikosebis danaSaulia is, rom ssrk-s mosaxleobis aRwerebSi qarTvelebs aRricxavdnen xolme mavneblurad da mcdarad: qarTvelebi, aWarlebi, svanebi, lazebi, megrelebi, afxazebi, TuSebi, imerlebi. amiT aWarlebi, svanebi, lazebi, megrelebi afxazebi da sxva qarTvelebi iTiSebodnen saerTo qarTveluri sxeulidan. 1926 wlis ssrk-s mosaxleobis aRweris dros saqarTvelos statistikuri sammarTvelos koleqtivma daiwuna ssrk mecnierebaTa akademiis mier SemuSavebuli sqema da saqarTvelos xelisuflebas sTxova, rom lazebi, svanebi, megrelebi, aWarlebi aRericxaT calk-calke, rac ukve gakeTda, magram bolos SeejamebinaT da CaerToT ujredSi `qarTvelebi~: maT Soris aWarlebi, svanebi, megrelebi, lazebi. saqarTvelos xelisuflebam am TxovniT mimarTa ssrk-s xelisuflebas da Tanxmoba miiRo. oficialurad gamoqveynda masala saqarTvelos Txovnis Sesabamisad. samwuxarod, ar mouTxoviaT da qarTvelebis gareT--gariyulad aRricxes afxazebad Cawerili qarTvelebi,romlebic dRemde afxazebad saerTod aRricxuli adamianebis---30 000-mde sulis 85%-s Seadgenen. afxazebad aRricxuli pirebidan araqarTvelebi xuTi aTasic ki ar iqnebodnen 1993 wlis omamde, xolo dRes am xuTi aTasidan naxevaric ki ar iqneba cocxali. afxazi qarTvelis kuTxuri, Sinauruli saxelia, rogorc raWveli, guruli; afxazebis dedaena qarTulia.</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="2">dRes saqarTvelos xelisufleba afxazebs araqarTvel absuebad ganixilavs, rac dasagmobia, radgan sinamdvilis usulgulo gayalbebas efuZneba da mravali cnobis damaxinjebas emyareba.MmagaliTad:1. erTia romis imperiis didmoxelis, pliniusis (I s) cnoba absuaTa uralSi—da ara dRes afxazeTad wodebul mxareSi mosaxleobis Sesaxeb I s-Si; 2. meorea qarTul wyaroSi _ `Tamar mefis cxovreba~ _ daculi cnoba misi vaJis, giorgisaTvis, metsaxelad `laSas~ wodebis Sesaxeb, viTomda `afxazTa~ enaze.</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> istorikosebma ( didi mkvlevaris—pavle ingoroyvas garda) orive es cnoba gaayalbes, qarTvelebs xizani absuebi daupirispires da msoflio moatyues, rac samarcxvinod aisaxa gaerTianebuli erebis organizaciis mier saqarTvelos nawilis _ afxazeTis sakiTxze miRebul yvela dadgenilebasa da gancxadebaSi da isini uTavbolobis (uazrobis) nimuSebad aqcia, riTac gaeros saxeli gautyda.ssrk-s xanaSi qarTvelebs TiSavdnen svanebad, megrelebad, aWarlebad da sxva, xolo rusebs siamovnebiT umatebdnen nair-nairi erovnebis milionobiT adamians. 1959 wlis ssrk-s aRweris mixedviT, aTma milionma ararusma mSobliur enad rusuli ena aRiara. saqarTveloSi aTiaTasobiT aseTi rusul enaze metyveli adamiani Semosaxlda ssrk-s arsebobis dros da swored isini eomebian qarTvelebs saqarTvelos (maT Soris, afxazeTisac) ruseTisaTvis misaerTeblad. faqtia, rom es didi masa arc saqarTvelos eklesias ar emorCileba da umarTav jgufs warmoadgens, maT amoxoces an garekes afxazeTis xelisufleba.Aam umarTavi ucxotomelTa masis saqarTvelodan mSvidobianad, kanonis Tanaxmad gayvana aucilebelia; maT Soris arian TurqeTidan me-20 saukuneSi droebiT TavSefarebis pirobiT evropisorganizaciebisa da ‘erTa ligis’ saqarTvelos mimarT iZulebiT Semoxiznuli araqarTvelebi, romelTa TurqeTis mTavrobis mier mowyobili genocidi aSS-m, argentinam, safrangeTma, evropis sabWom da sxvebma cnes. </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="2">saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa akademiis istoriis institutis mecnierTa samarcxvinod, aRvniSnavT, rom 1988 wels afxazeTis ruseTTan mierTebis survilis gamo Seqmnili daZabulobis mizezis gamosarkvevad, ,araorganuli qimiisa da eleqtroqimiis institutis patentTmcodnem, inglisuri enis specialistma, naTela borisis asulma fofxaZem, mraval sxva naSromTa Soris--waikiTxa mTavari sabuTi _ romaeli didmoxelis _ pliniusis mier I s-Si gamoqveynebuli msoflios aRwera da SeamCnia, rom istorikosebma sazogadoeba moatyues _ pliniusma absua eTnosis samosaxlo dRevandel afxazeTSi (maSin mas egrisi erqva) ki ara, Sors _ uralis m\TebSi moixsenia. garda amisa, pliniusma qarTvelebis miwawylis nawilad moixsenia mTeli CrdiloeT kavkasiac, sadac dRes ruseTia- da kaspiis zRvis Crdilo-dasavleTi da dasavleTi sanapiroc, sadac mxo;od 1918 wels Seiqmna politikuri erTeuli Azerbaijanis saxelwodebiT, xolo azerbaijaneli eris cneba mxolod 1940ian wlebSi gamoigones moskovSi. pliniusis Tanamedrove meore didmoxelem, pomponius melamac dawera msoflios aRwera, sadac qarTvelebi ‘georgielebis’ saxeliT Crdilo-dasavleT kaspiispireTSi (sadac dRes ruseTis navTobsadeni gadis), mkvidr mosaxleobad moixsenia da iqauri miwawyali-saqarTuelod. vimeorebT, rom romis imperatoris davalebiT Sedgenil msoflios aRweraSi pliniusma qarTvelebiT dasaxlebul mkvidr miwa-wylad moixsenia mTeli aRmosavaleTi SavizRvispireTi, Crdilo-dasavleTi da dasavleTi kaspiispireTi (sadac dRes daRestani anu ‘mTianeTi’ da azerbaijania). arcerTi sxva eTnosi, romelic dRes aRniSnul mxareebSi cxovrobs, arc pliniuss, arc pomponius melas ar uxsenebia da qarTvelebs am mxareebSi pirveli, uadresi, ZirZveli mosaxleobis ufleba aqvT. vimeorebT, rom sabCoTa istorikosebma pliniusis cnoba Secvales da msoflio moatyues.</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="2">meore cnobac iseve daamaxinjes istorikosebma, rogorc pirveli. kerZod, Tamar mefis cxovrebis bevr xelnawerSi sinamdvileSi sityva `laSas~ ar axlavs ganmarteba, rom is e.w. ‘afxazTa enaze’ `ganmanaTlebels soflisas~ niSnavs. didma mecnierma, pavle ingoroyvam jer 1947 wels Jurnal “mnaTobSi”, 1954 wels ki Tavis wignSi--`giorgi merCule~-aRniSna, rom mxolod erT-- mogviano, me-18 saukunis Semdeg gamoqveynebul Tamar mefis cxovrebis teqstSi weria, rom ‘laSa’ `ganmanaTleblad soflisa iTargmanebis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="2">afsarTa</font></b></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="2"> eniTa” (da ara _ </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="2">afxazTa</font></b></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="2"> eniTa, rogorc mogvatyues sabWoTa istorikosebma). es `afsarTa eniTa~ weria ara mTavar teqstSi, rogorc maT icrues, aramed, calke _ </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="2">gverdis aSiaze sxva xeliT</font></b></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="2">minaweris saxiT</font></b></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="2">. es minaweri ki swored imas amtkicebs, rom me-18 saukuneSic ki ‘</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="2">absarTa’</font></b></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="2"> ena ewodeboda araqarTul enas da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="2">ara afxazuri</font></b></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="2">, xolo is, Tu sad cxovrobdnen absarebi, qarTul wyaroebSi saerTod ar weria. msoflios romel kuTxeSi mosaxleobdnen absarebi, isic ki ucnobi iyo qarTveli avtorebisaTvis da niko marma, arnold Ciqobavam, Tamaz gamyreliZem, giorgi qsenofontov—meliqiSvilma, zurab anCabaZem, ediSer xoStaria-Bbrosem, qeTevan lomTaTiZem, zurab papasqirma, giorgi ZiZariam, venor qvaCaxiam, dimitri guliam, givi rogavam da sxva qarTvelebma Tavi Seircxvines saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg mimarTuli cru varaudebiT da afxazeTSi jer dapirispireba, Semdeg ki omi gamoiwvies. istoriis gamyalbebeli v. arZinba Tamaz gamyreliZem da giorgi qsenofontovma Seqmnes, is maTi namowafaria, riTac saqarTvelo gaaubedures da daamxes. arZinbas araferi iseTi ar gamouqveynebia, rac manamde mis am qarTvel maswavleblebs ar dauweriaT. Uucnauria, rom v. arZinbas akritikeben, xolo g. qsenofontov--meliqiSvili didubis panTeonSi dakrZales axlaxan, ediSer broses ki gamorCeuli da gamonaklisi wesiT mianiWes istoriis dargSi akademikosis wodeba. saqarTvelos mamuliSviluri gznebiT mSromeli istorikosebi sWirdeba, aseTebi arian, magram maT gasaqans ar aZleven. wels saetapo mniSvnelobis gamokvleva gamoaqveyna gamoCenilma mecnierma, batonma ramaz patariZem, Zveli welTaRricxvis mesame saukuneSi qvaze nakveTi qarTuli warwerisa da kalendris sakiTxebze. Mmecnierma zurab qafianiZem saetapo wigni Seqmna qarTul anbanze, arqeologma- batonma givi eliavam saetapo gamokvlevebi Seqmna. aseTi mkvlevarebi unda xelmZRvanelobdnen mecnierebaTa akademiasac da institutebsac da maSin mSvidobianad gadawydeba yvela saWirboroto sakiTxi.</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="2">qarTvel afxazebTan erTad, sxva, araqarTveli pirebic aRiricxnen afxazebad, xolo e.w. ‘afxazur’ anu afsuaTa enaze Sedgenil sabuTebSi isini aRricxes araqarTvel absuebad, romelTa mSobliuri ena aris absua ena--romelsac absuuris garda, sxva enebze _ qarTulad, rusulad, frangulad, italiurad, germanulad, iaponurad, Cinurad da sxva—me-19 s.-is meore naxevridan saqarTvelos mtrebma mcdarad ‘afxazuri’ ena uwodes. TurqeTSi absuebs aqamde ara ‘afxazebad’, aramed abazebad moixseniebdnen, maT enas ki ‘abazurs’ uwodebdnen. magaliTad, prof. SuSana futkaraZis saetapod sayuradRebo wignSi—“Cveneburebis qarTuli”—weria, rom SavSeTis qarTul sofelSi, erT mandilosans dananebiT uTqvams 1995 wels misTvis—‘eifunCxen a b a z e b i-o?’—afxazeTSi oms gulisxmobda (gv. 45). dRes ki ukve absuas Turqul Jurnal “CveneburSic” ‘abhaz’-ad axseneben absuebsac da qarTvel afxazebsac. siriidan aSS-Si Casaxlebuli vinme iahia kazani, akad. SoTa MmisabiSvilis sityviT, msoflios 5 milioni viTomcda “afxazi”-saTvis ormag moqalaqeobas, afxazeTSi maTs Camosaxlebas, afxazeTSi oTxi saxelmwifo enis SemoRebas (qarTulis, absuuris, rusulis da inglisuris) moiTxovs, rac aisaxa axlaxan gaeros xelmZRvanelisadmi gagzavnil da internetiT gamoqveynebul misi masaJis saqmis mcodne vaJis--inal kazanis gancxadebaSi (ixileT ‘abxazia.org’ gesTbuq, 2002 wlis 28 ivlisis masala). Mmanve didZali fuliT iaraRi uyida 1993 wels saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg mebrZolebs. aSS-s xelisufleba inal kazanis afxazeTSi gaprezidentebas aZalebs saqarTvelos. sinamdvileSi absua eTnoss afxazeTSi ar ucxovria bolo dromde da axlac umniSvnelo da gaurkveveli raodenobiT cxovrobs afxazeTis mxareSi da, saerTod, saqarTveloSi. 1953 wels kavkasiaTmcodneobis vladikavkazSi mowyobili konferenciis samecniero krebulSi imas, rasac am statiaSi absuur enas vuwodebT, ‘abazuri enis absuuri kilos’ saxeliT moixseniebda yirimeli enaTmecnieri kliCevi. afxazeTze mcdari teqstia TviT sanaqebod miCneul 1946 wels TbilisSi gamoqveynebul saqarTvelos istoriis saxelmZRvaneloSic ki (ivane javaxiSvilis (maSin eqvsi wlis gardacvlili iyo), simon janaSias, niko berZeniSvilis avtorobiT). sxva sakiTxebze didebulad, magram afxazebis raobaze mruded msjelobda gamoCenili geografi prof. levan maruaSvili 1990 wels gamoqveynebul statiaSi., sadac afxazebad afsuebs gulisxmobda, Tumca, afxazi rom qarTvelia da ara afsua, cxadia, icoda (iseTi kavkasieli swavluli SevarcxvineT, romelsac afxazebis qarTvelobaSi eWvi epareba) qarTveli eris swavlulebis calkeuli warmomadgenlebi ganuwyvetliv cdilobdnen am uTavbolobis, Seusabamobis, sicruis, siyalbis aRmofxvras da simarTlis aRdgenas, ramac Sedegi gamoiRo da 1943 wels qarTveli eris darRveuli ufleba aRsdga ialbuzis (fasis) mTis, q. qluxoris mxareebSi—saqarTvelos xelisuflebisa da qarTveli afxazis—lavrenti berias mondomebiT saqarTvelos daubrunes winaT ruseTis mier mitacebuli es mxareebi da iq qarTuli suli da qarTveloba aaRorZines, ‘afxazi erovnebis’ pirebad (absuas mniSvnelobiT) aRricxul mraval qarTvels aRudgines qarTuli TviTSegneba. qarTueli bavSvebi qarTul skolebSi gadaiyvanes mSoblebma rusuli skolebidan. aRorZinda iq qarTuli meurneoba. saubedurod, gamoCenili qarTvelebis—ssrk-s xelmZRvanelis--ioseb juRaSvilis da ssrk-s Sinagan saqmeTa ministris--lavrenti berias _ ori qarTveli didmoxelis-- rusebis mier mokvdinebis Semdeg ssrk-s axalma meTaurma _ nikita xruSCovma saqarTvelos waarTva 1943 wels misTvis dabrunebuli qarTuli mxareebi qluxorisa da ialbuzis mxareebSi ( ialbuzis mxare samarTlianad miakuTvnes svaneTis mestiis raions), xolo afxazebis araqarTvel absuebad isev gamocxadeba ssrk-s saxelmwifos doneze moaxdina. ssrk-s xelisuflebis didmoxeleebis davalebiT, qarTvelma dimitri guliam da sxvebma. maT imxanad mimarTes ssrk-s xelisuflebas TxovniT, raTa afxazeTi ruseTisTvis mieerTebina, rogorc, viTomcda, araqarTueli afxazebis samSoblo. manamde ki- 1951 wels imave dimitri guliam gamoaqveyna broSura rogorc qarTul, aseve rusul enaze cxumSi, afxazeTis saxelmwifo gamomcemlobaSi, saTauriT _ `Cemi wignis _ afxazeTis istoriis Sesaxeb~, romelSic aRiara, rom `afxazebi igive qarTvelebi arian~, abxazi te Je gruzini (gv. 9-10, Sesabamisad) da moibodiSa imis gamo, rom winaT werda, viTomcda afxazebi qarTvelebi ar arian da afrikidan Camosaxldnen afxazeTSi (gv.7). afxazebis araqarTuelebad gamocxadebisas mTavar sabuTad moxmobilia xolme romaeli didmoxelis _ pliniusis enciklopediidan cnoba absua xalxis viTomcda im dros (I s.) afxazeTis samxreT mcire nawilSi mosaxleobis Sesaxeb, sinamdvileSi ki, rogorc 1988 wlis bolos, qarTvelma mTargmnelma da patentmcodnem- naTela fofxaZem gamoiZia, pliniusma absuebi uralis mosaxleobad moixsenia (pliniusi `naturalis istoria~, t. 2, wigni 6, Tavi 15. loeb qlesiqal laibseri-s gamocema, londoni, h. reqemis redaqtorobiT) (ix. ruka da qseroasli laTinur, germanul, inglisur, frangul enebze). imave n. fofxaZem 1999 wlis 14 ivniss internetiT miakvlia or Zvel rukas (1562 wlis da 1600 wlis), sadac afsuebi miTiTebuli arian azovis zRvis CrdiloeTiT mdebare velebze, da ara maSindel cxumi-biWvinTa-gagris mxareSi, romelsac maSin samegrelo erqva--da ara afxazeTi. 1562 wlis ruka londonelma entoni jenkinsma Seadgina dazed ‘afsua’ aRniSna, 1600 wlis ruka ki saxelovanma holandielma geografma _ jodoqus hondiusma, romelmac, marTalia, afsua arsad ar axsena (Cans, es tomi maSin ukve daSlili iyo da aRar arsebobda), magram isev azovis zRvis CrdiloeTiT, Tumca odnav aRmosavleTiT, aRniSna sityva `akua~, romelic nikola vitsenis, ioan ioansonis cnobil or rukazec iqvea aRniSnuli. SaerTaSoriso geografiuli sazogadoebis mier internetiT gamoqveynebuli masaliT-rukebiE, teqstebiT dadgenilia absuaTa amJamindeli samosaxlo mxare da is Zveleburad, rogorc uwin, uralSia-Sua uralSi, sadac CrdiloeT uralidan |Casaxldnen. afsuaTa SedarebiT axali dasaxlebebia kavkasiis CrdiloeTi winam|Tebis |Crdiloe|T Sevakebaze—imave saer|Ta|Soriso organizaciis monacemebiT.Ees da sxva masalebi asabuTebs imas, rom dRes afxazeTs oficialurad mcdarad ewodeba afsni (afsua enaze), xolo ZirZvel qarTul qalaq cxums (soxums) sabWoTa xanaSi da Semdgomac mcdarad ewodeba absuaTa enaze ‘akua’; rom afsuaTa ena 1995 wlis saqarTvelos konstituciaSi SecdomiT aris aRiarebuli afxazebis enad da--rac didad aRmaSfoTebelia--saxelmwifo enad afxazeTSi. kidev mravali sxva sabuTi arsebobs imis dasamtkiceblad, rom afxazi afsuas saxeli ar iyo da arc unda iyos, rom afxazebad dRes aRricxuli isedac mcire adamianebis raodenobis 85% Cveulebrivi qarTvelebi arian, umTavresad megruli jgufisa. Mmetic, xSirad erTi dedmamis zogi Svili qarTvelad Caweres, zogi ki—erovneba afxazis warmomadgenlebad (absuas mniSvnelobiT). saqarTveloze omis gamoucxadeblad 1992 wels Tavdasxmis Semdeg sxva qveynebis( ruseTis, ukrainis da sxva) aviaciam, artileriam Caxoca, daWra afxazeTis, aseve mezobeli qarTuli mxareebis--mkvidri qarTveli mosaxleoba. mravalma arasamTavrobo organizaciam, kerZo pirma moiTxova 1920ian wlebSi gamogonebul ‘afxaz’ erovnebad aRricxuli qarTvelebis qarTvelebad aRricxva (radgan afxazi qarTvelebis kuTxuri saxelia), amasTan, araqarTveli anu cru ‘afxazebis’ TavianT namdvil erovnebad aRricxva, amiT saqarTvelos mter ucxoelebs xelidan gamoeclebodaT omis sababi _ qarTvelebisagan viTomcda araqarTveli afxazi eris dacva. aseTi mravali Txovna gamoqveynda saqarTvelos presaSi, broSurebSi, internetiT, ramac Sedegi gamoiRo da jer saqarTvelos erovnulma akademiam (arasamTavrobo organizaciam) ganixila, Semdeg afxazeTis mecnierebaTa akademiam, Semdeg ki, 2002 wlis 25 ivliss, afxazeTis avtonomiuri respublikis umaRlesi sabWos sesiam moismina moxseneba, imsjela da miiRo am sakiTxze sagangebo dadgenileba, romelic gamoqveynda mraval gazeTSi, iTargmna rusul da inglisur enebze da daegzavna saerTaSoriso organizaciebs. simarTlis aRsadgenad, vfiqrobT, aucilebelia kidev erTi nabijis gadadgma: sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba imis Taobaze, rom moxda Secdoma (an danaSauli) da qarTvelebis nawili _ afxazebi (afxazi afxazeTis mxareSi mcxovrebi qarTvelebis Sinauruli, kuTxuri saxelia, rogorc guruli, raWveli)-- mcdarad gaupirovnda ucxo eTnoss afsuas, romlis warmomadgenlebis raodenoba 1989 wels afxazebad aRricxuli pirebis 40 aTasian masaSi ,,savaraudod, 3 aTass ar aRemateboda. afxazebi, iseve, rogorc 1939 wlis ssrk-s aRwerisas calke--araqarTvelebad mcdarad aRricxuli aWarlebi, svanebi, megrelebi, lazebi CarTes—aseve unda CarTon qarTvelebis jgufSi da maT mSobliur enad qarTuli unda aRiaron—yvelam icis qarTuli. absua eTnosis mSobliur enad darCeba absua ena, romelsac imdenive (da ara meti) yuradReba unda mieqces saqarTveloSi, ramdenic--taliSurs, taturs, udurs da sxva aramkvidrTa enebs. am sakiTxze (afxazi qarTvelia da absua ar aris), naTela fofxaZem waikiTxa ori moxseneba istorikos-bizantmcodneTa msoflio yrilobaze moskovSi 1991 wlis 12 agvistos or sxvadasxva sxdomaze, aseve 2000 wlis 8 agvistos --norvegiis dedaqalaq osloSi saistorio kvlevaTa msoflio kongresze, romelic istoriis gamyalbebelTa winaaRmdeg da siyalbeTa aRmofxvris mizniT Catarda. iqve saCivari-gancxadeba gadasca istoriis gayalbebis winaaRmdeg Seqmnil saerTaSoriso organizacias, romlis Tavmjdomare, profesori fransua bedarida (safrangeTidan) kongresis saorganizacio komitetis wevri iyo. am sakiTxze gamoqveynda 50-ze meti statia, mimarTvebi gaerosadmi, euTosadmi, broSurebi qarTul, inglisur da rusul enebze. gaiTvaliswines ra Cveni da sxvaTa ( batonebis: sergi sajaias, Temur gugeSaSvilis, dimitri qeburias, ilia arqanias, revaz salias, biZina TavaZis, vaxtang sarTanias, nodar naTaZis, q-nebis--guliko uruSaZis, lora gadilias da sxvaTa mimarTvebi, gamoqveynda afxazeTis avtonomiuri respublikis umaRlesi sabWos sesiis 2002 wlis 25 ivlisis dadgenileba , romelic yvelam unda gaviTavisoT. masSi weria: miRebul iqnas cnobad, rom Crdilo-dasavleT saqarTveloSi---afxazeTSi, ruseTis caristuli da bolSevikuri diversiebisa da eTnofabrikaciebis [cru erovnebebis gamogonebis] politikis Sedegad gayalbebul iqna sityva “afxazis” Sinaarsi da qarTvelTa samxareo sadaurobis aRmniSvneli es saxeli oficialur erovnebad daudginda bolo dros am teritoriaze Crdilo kavkasiidan imigrirebul (Semoxiznul) mosaxleobas, romelic Tavis Tavs “afsua”-s uwodebs. am qmedebiT--saxel “afxazi”-s gamoyenebis ufleba waerTva adgilobriv qarTvel mosaxleobas, riTac SesaZlebeli gaxda mkvidri qarTveli mosaxleobis, rogorc TiTqosda “arasatitulos” diskriminacia afxazeTSi--misadmi mizanmimarTuli represiebis CaTvliT. diskriminciam ganapiroba mkvidri qarTvelebis mniSvnelovani nawilis iZulebiTi asimilacia [gadagvareba] politikuri, socialuri, samsaxurebrivi da sxva Seviwroebisagan Tavis dacvis mizniT. Mmravali aTasi qarTveli iZulebuli gaxda uareyo Tavisi erovnebis aRmniSvneli termini ‘qarTveli’ da erovnebad mieRo ‘afxazi’ am sityvis axali, gayalbebuli mniSvnelobiT, rusulad ‘abxazec’, afsuur enaze—‘afsua’. 1917 wlamde aseTive politikas eweoda didmpyrobeluri ruseTis mmarTveloba, saxeldobr, teritoriuli kuTvnilebis (sadaurobis) aRmniSvneli termini ‘afxazi’ miekuTvneboda an mxolod ‘afsuas’, an, masTan erTad, adgilobriv qarTvelsac, magram mxolod im pirobiT, Tu misi dokumentebidan amoiricxeboda sityva ‘qarTveli’. ‘afxazebisaTvis’ (am sityvis axali, xelovnuri mniSvnelobiT) dawesebuli Zalian didi SeRavaTebi vrceldeboda mxolod am or kategoriaze. Aaqedan gamomdinare, 1917 wlamde arsebuli, Semdeg ki 1921—1990 wlebis represiuli reJimis simwvavis gaTvaliswinebiT , afxazeTis mkvidri qarTveli mosaxleoba aRiarebul iqnas rusuli caristuli da bolSevikuri represiebisa da teroris msxverplad. 2. istoriuli samarTlianobis aRdgenis, sizustis da afsua xalxis terminologiuri tradiciisadmi pativiscemis mizniT Catardes sainformacio-saganmanaTleblo RonisZiebebis cikli saxel ‘afxazis’ WeSmariti mniSvnelobiT gamoyenebis aRsadgenad—rogorc saqarTvelos Crdilo-dasavleTi mxaris—afxazeTis mkvidri qarTveli mosaxleobis aRmniSvnelisa. ganemartos afxazeTis mosaxleobas da msoflios sazogadoebriobas imis aucilebloba, rom xalxs, romelic Tavis enaze Tavis Tavs uwodebs ‘afsuas’, magram oficialuri terminologiiT danarCen enebze usafuZvlod ewodeba ‘afxazi’, oficialur sxvaenovan terminologiaSic unda aRudges TviTsaxelwodeba ‘afsua’, romelic dResac da istoriuladac misi vinaobis erTaderTi da , amdenad, yovelmxriv sapatio ucvleli (ualternativo) gamomxatvelia. saxelwodebis es dazusteba aRmofxvris afxazeTis mosaxleobis SiSis da undoblobis erTerT mizezs da mTavar dabrkolebas qarTvel da afsua mosaxleobas Soris. 3. cneba ‘afxazis’ ZirZveli mniSvnelobis aRdgena miCneul iqnas afxazeTSi arsebuli konfliqtis Semdgomi gamwvavebis SesaZleblobis aRkveTis aucilebel saSualebad, gareSe qveynis mier afxazeTis okupaciis Sewyvetis erTerT aucilebel nabijad…8. vTxovT saqarTvelos parlaments msjelobisa da saTanado politikuri da saorganizacio daskvnebis sagnad dauyovnebliv aqcios es dadgenileba. .9. es dadgenileba farTod gaSuqdes sainformacio saSualebebiT.</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="2"> ------Cvenis mxriv aRvniSnavT, rom CrdiloeT uralSi da ufro Sors momTabare ukulturo eTniur narev jgufebTan( afsuebTan, adiRebTan da sxv.) erTad e.w. ‘kavkasiuri saxlis’ aSeneba-rasac 1921 wlidan ruseTi gvaZalebs- SeuZlebelia. Aarc osebi, arc armenebi, arc e.w. azerbaijanelebad 1930-ian wlebSi saxeldebuli TaTrebi, Turqebi, Turqmanebi, Taraqamebi, arc absuebi, arc Cerqezebi ar arian kavkasielebi da maT kavkasielobas saqarTvelos is mtrebi abraleben, romelTac es arakavkasielebi sxva qveynebidan TviTon ahyares da jer CrdiloeT, Semdeg ki—samxreT kavkasiaSi Semoityues da aomeben.</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="2"> NnaTela fofxaZe </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="2"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="2"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="2"> </font></span></p></div><br>NATELA POPKHADZEhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13568269499155042696noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1993044457595238899.post-33016106458060605122009-08-10T07:39:00.001-07:002009-08-10T07:39:14.510-07:00Aiakartiberia1<div class="Section1"><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">A</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="7">aiaqarTiiberia</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="7"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="7"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="7"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> </font></span> </p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> Seadgina naTela fofxaZem</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> Tbilisi. saqarTvelo</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> 2009</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="5">erisa da saxelmwifos saxeli qarTi,</font></b></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="5">qarTveli, saqarTvelo</font></b></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">sityva saqarTvelos Ziria</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> qarTi, magram</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">Cakargulia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> sityvaSi sa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="5">qarT</font></b></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">velo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> da TvalsaCino ar aris maTTvis, visac es ar </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">Se</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">uswavlia. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">mis gamo saxelwodeba </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">saqarTveloze umjobesia sityva </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="5">qarTi</font></b></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">, rogorc eris, ise </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> saxelmwifos saxelad. 2007 wels TbilisSi rusTavelis gamzirze gamomcemloba samSoblos mopirdapire mxares kedelze gaakres feradi plakati, romelzec sityvaSi muqi asoebiT iyo gamoyofili </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="5">art</font></b></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">(ucxourad mxatvrobas, zogjer xelovnebas niSnavs)</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">da saqarTvelos nacvlad saq</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="5">art</font></b></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">velo ewera.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> p</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">lakati exeboda xelovnebis sakiTxze</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> TbilisSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> Casatarebel RonisZiebas. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">axelwodeba saqarTvelosadmi aseTi agdebuli damokidebuleba ar </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">aris mosawoni da dasagmobia, </font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">radgan vinmem </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">esaZloa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> Cveni</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> mravalaTaswlovani qveynis saxelSi kart-I gamoyos da banqos saTamaSod waaqezos xalxi, rac pirvel umsgavsobaze uaresi mkrexeloba iqneba. saqarTvelo(</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">inglisurad </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">Tu vityviT, saqarTvelo, rusulad, sakartvelo) SedarebiT gviandeli saxelwodebaa Cveni saxelmwifosi. kerZod, CemTvis cnobilia misi moxsenieba qardunia//qardu sa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">xel</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">iT Zv.w. XVI saukunidan misi mefeebis werilebiTa da warwerebiT. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">rsebobs misi diadi mefis, guriga</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">l</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">cos gamosaxuleba saxelmwifo sabeWdavze Warmagi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> TeTrwvera, sandomiani saxis, swori nakvTebis mqone mamakacad. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">savarZelze zis, w</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">in mcire magidaa, mis iqiT dgas axalgazrda grZelkabiani qali. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">idi warweraa lursmnuli damwerlobiT, magram ver amovikiTxe. </font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">suraTi gadmoviRe</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">o</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">. gurneis wignidan.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> q</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">veyana qardunias am mefes </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">sa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">megobr</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">o</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">xelS</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">ekruleba hqonda gaformebuli qveyana misras( misreTi, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> misiri, misiria, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">igive </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="5">Zveli egvipte</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">) faraosTan da erTgulad icavda. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">g</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">urigalcos vaJma, qardunias mefem burnaburma es Seaxsena weriliT im faraos, amenxotev III-is vaJs, romelsac XIX saukuneSi mkvlevarebi qu</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">aTenad ixseniebdnen, amJamad ki eqn-aTenad. mamebis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">megobruli urTierTobis gagrZ</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">ele</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">bis niSnad qardunias am mefem isurva farao eqn-aTenas asul</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">ze daqorwineba</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">da</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">qarduniaSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">misi ga</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">dedofl</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">eba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> burnaburisaTvis e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">s</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">TviT faraos SeuTavazebia, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">magram </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">Semdeg ki piroba miuviwyebia. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">b</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">urnaburis Sexsenebaze moswera, rom es Znelia, radgan manamde misi qveynis arc erTi batoniSvili ar gaTxovila sxva saxelmwifoSi.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> b</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">urnaburma </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">upasuxa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">, rom farao//mefe iyo eqnaT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">na da misi neba gadamwyveti unda yofiliyo. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">f</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">araos uWirda asulis Sors gaTxoveba, radgan manamde eqvsi asulidan, vinc nefertitisagan hyavda, oTxi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> Savi WiriT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">uceb </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">daexoca, rasac Z</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">lier dardobda. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> Wiri misiriaSi Seitana ucxoeTis gemze mokalaTebulma Tagvma da didi msxverpli gamoiwvia. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">b</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">urnaburis daJinebam gaWra da nefertitisa da eqnaTenas erTi asuli qardunias dedaqalaq kolxa//kalxuSi gadmosaxlda</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">, iq, sadac</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> mdinare diglaTis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">( SemdgomSi ewoda tigr//tigros)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> Sua wel</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">ia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">s qalaqi saukuneTa Tu a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">aswleul</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">a manZilze</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> iyo qveyanis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> dedaqalaq</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">mis</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">nangrevebSi arqeologebma ipoves nilosis auzis mosaxleobis kulturis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">ramdenime </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">nimuSi.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">qalaq kolxas navsadgurSi arqeo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">logebma 199</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">4</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">-ian wleb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">Si </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">moi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">poves CaZiruli navi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">, romelzec a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">R</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">mo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">aCines nefertitis saxeliT aRbeWdili Z</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">veli nivTi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">m da sxva nivTebiT daaskvnes, rom nefertitis dros is navi//gemi nilosis auzidan Camovida da moiyvana naTesavebi kolxas dedoflis mosanaxuleblad.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">qve vityvi, rom saxelg</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">anTqmuli nefertiti nilosis mxar</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">eSi arc dabadebula da arc </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">aRz</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">rdila. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">aibada </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">qardunias CrdiloeTiT mimdebare qveyana </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">miTan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">Si. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">is mef</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> TuS</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">ratis asulia. ToTxmeti wlisa gaaTxoves</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> mis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">ir</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">Si//mis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">iria</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">Si faraos vaJze. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">v</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">idre</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> patarZali amaliT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> gzaSi iy</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">o</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">, farao</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> garda</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">cval</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> da misi vaJi-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">…</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">n</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">efertitis saqmaro batoniSvili</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">gaxda</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> farao da Casvlisas daxvda</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> ne</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">fertiti </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">misiriis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">saxelmwifo sadidebelSi//himnSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">iwodeba faraos Z</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">v</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">irfas, sayvarel meuRled. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">f</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">araos dedam SeinarCuna </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">misiria</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">qvey</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">nis dedof</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">loba. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">n</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">efertiti gadedoflda </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">mxolod dedamTilis gardacvalebis Semdeg</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">s iyo iqauri wesi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">s wesi iyo xeT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">s samefoSic Tava-nanas anu samefos pirveli qalis Tanamdebobis miniWebisas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">axelwodeba </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">miTani</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> qarTuli</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> sityv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">is</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="5">mTianeTis</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> Sesatyvisad mimaCnia. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">ose janaSvili </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">am sityvas </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">werda </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="5">mitani</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> saxiT da masSi arsebul </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="5">ta</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">-s miwad, aqedan ki, qveyanad </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">miiCnevda, radgan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> qarTul </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> sityvaSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="5">talaxi</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">miwad, niadagad miaCnda </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="5">ta</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">ose janaSvilis mravali migneba aRiareb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">sa da farTod gavrceleb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">s </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">Rirsia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">an </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">safuZvlianad </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">Seiswavla lursmnuli damwerloba, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">mas </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">aTwleulebi Sealia da Seadgina sumerul-axalqarTuli,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> aseve,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> miTanur-axalqarTuli</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">leqsikoni</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> xaldeur-axalqarTuli leqsikoni </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> germanulenovani,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">rusulenovani gamokvlevebisa da Tavisi didi codnis safuZvelze. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">s naSromebi gamouqveynebelia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> da</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> wavikiTxe misive xeliT gadawerili xelnaweri wignebis saxiT xelnawerTa centrSi TbilisSi 2009 wlis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">5-26 </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">ivlis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">Tv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">is bolos samuSao darbazi daiketa erTi TviT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">sa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">zafxul</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">o</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> Sesvenebis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">gamo. mxolod ramdenime teqstis wakiTxva da dafaseba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> movaswari</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">anamde mose janaSvilis am kuTxiT saqmianobaze araferi msmenoda. aramcTu farTo sazogadoebam, aramed dargis saqveynod aRiarebulma specialistebmac ki ar</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">aferi</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">ician am kuTxiT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> mis saqmianobaz</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">e. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">rada, misi naazrevis droulad gamomzeureba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> xels Seuwyobda mSvidobas, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">agvacilebda omebsa da sisxlisRvras regionSi da mimdebare mxareebSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">, radgan saukeTesod da samarTlianad warmoaCina mTeli ZirZveli saqarTvelo: suanebis, margalebis, maT Soris, lazebis,Wanebis mier aTaswleulebis manZilze arsebuli samefoebis ga</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">n</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">fenilobis mTavari sakiTxi: xmelTaSua zRvis aRmosavleTi sanapirodan aRmosavleTiTa da Crdilo-aRmosavleTiT mimdebare vrceli midamo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">s CaTvliT, kerZod, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> kaspiis tba-zRvis dasavleTiT mdebare kavkas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">isa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">am tbis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> samxreT-aRmosavleTiT mimdebare kavkas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">is</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> anu orive kavkas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">is CaTvliT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">. janaSvilis xelnawerSi amovikiTxe, rom mdinare tigris//tigrosis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">Zveli saxeli diglaT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> formiT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> dijlaT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> ixsenieba SoTa rusTavelis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="5">vefxistyaosan</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="5">-</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">Si.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">ubedurebis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> gamo </font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">tirali moqmedi gmiris cremlebis mdinare Sedarebulia did mdinare dijlatTan. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">vefxistyaosanSi( 1937 wlis gamocemaSi) gakvriT ixseniebian qurdni: saomrad movidnen qurdnio. qarTulSi qurdi niSnavs sxvisi qonebis mparavs. xsenebul teqstSi ki qurdi mparavs ki ara, Cems erovnebas niSnavso, ganacxada vefxistyaosani</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> wignis saiubileo, pavle ingoroyvas xelmZRvanelobiT 1937 wels gamoqveynebuli teqstis erT-erT ucxour enaze misi 1938 wels Sesrulebuli Targmanis( mTargmneli 1945 wels gardaicvala) 2009 wels gamoqveynebuli wignis redaqtorma g. anyosma. Targmani daibeWda TbilisSi, antiqarTuli suliskveTebiT savse naira gelaSvilis xelmZRvanelobiT arsebuli “kavkasiis saxlis” saxeliT, germaneli kerZo pirisadmi Txovnis Sedegad miRebuli TanxiT. g. anyoss lursmnuli damwerloba da literatura Seuswavlia Tbilisis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">universitetSi. 1937 wlis Semd</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">egdroindel vefxistyaosanSi taeps qurdebis omze aRar beWdavdnen, radgan gviandel yalb CanarTad aRiares. mogaxsenebT, rom qurj-ad ixseniebdnen arabebi qristian qarTvelebs, xolo danarCen qarTvelebs ki qurT-ad//qurd-ad. es Sevityve inglisurenovani erTi gamokvleviT aTiode wlis winaT. es ganmarteba Tavis mxriv sazogadoebas gaacno arabuli enis mcodne goCa jafariZem TbilisSi sajaro biblioTekaSi 2008 wels wakiTxul Tavis moxsenebaSi; kerZod, rom Sua saukuneebis arabul xelnawerebSi aRbeWdili sityva </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="5">qurT</font></b></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> qarTvels niSnavda. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">XIX-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">XX saukune</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">eb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">Si rusul da sxva ucxour enebze mTargmnelebi qarTvelis aRmniSnvel sityva qurTs Targmnidnen </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">araqarTvel </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">qurTad(daa</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">ra qarTvelad) </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">sityva qurTis Sinaarsis damaxinjebuli, secvlili mniSvnelobiT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">da ase iqna SemoRebuli sityva qurTis araqarTulad, araqarTvelad gagebis mimarTulebao. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">v</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">nanob, rom axalgazrdobisas ver mivxvdi imis aucileblobas, rom arabulenovani </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">teqstebis qurT//qurd-is sxva enebze Targmnisas Sinaarsis gayalbebis SemTxvevebi mekvlia da gamomeqveynebinao. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">xla sadRa mcaliao. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">s sakiTxi sagangebod gamosamzeurebelia da warmosaCenia, radgan sityva qurT-is axal, gayalbebul gagebazea agebuli evraziaSi kidev </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">erTi didi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">axali omis gamowvevis ucxouri gegma. es qarTveli eris ZirZveli miwa-wyalis didi nawilis kidev metad gapartaxebas, mosaxleobis Jletas gamoiwvevs da am mosalodnel ubedurebas simarTlis warmoCeniT unda daupirispirdes wesieri adamianebis sazogadoeba msoflioSi. davubrundeT gansaxilvel sakiTxs. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">q</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">veyana qardunia lursmnuli damwerlobiT ixsenieba </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="5">qardu</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> saxiTac. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">isi dedaqalaqi kalxu//kolxa daaarsa gmirma mefe</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> anmarem, romelsac SemdgomSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">u</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">cxoeli mTargmnelebi maTi enisa da d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">amwerlobis naklovanebaTa Sedegad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">nimrodad da nebroTad ixseniebdnen. uzustobas iwvevda is, rom maTs enebSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> ar werdnen xmov</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">nebs, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">arc sasven niSnebs</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">nmare//nimrods rom </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">moesurvebina, Tavis daarsebul qalaqs Tavis saxels TviTonve uwodebda</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">, cxadia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">se ar moiqca da kolxa uwoda, riTac SeZlebisdagvarad </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">ukvdavhyo </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">saxeli kolxa. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">aseTi mowiwebis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">erTaderT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">mizeza</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">d mimaCnia anmare//nimrod//nebroTis</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> kolx</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">oba//kolxeloba//</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">margal</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">oba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">//suan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">oba</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">//</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">qa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">Tvel</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">oba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">m daskvnis Semdeg </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">ver</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> virwmun</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">eb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> ruseTis imperatoris karze </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">Tu sadme sxvagan </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">qarTvelebis mtrebis mier Seryvnili da gadakeTebuli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">im </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">teqsti</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">s sandoobas, siswores, romelsac </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="5">qarTlis</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="5">cxovreba-</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">d ixsenieben xolme.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">, dedanSi ki sxva saTauri a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">weria</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">: </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="5">cxoreba qarTuelTa da</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="5">mefeTa maTTa</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> is savsea qar</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">Tvelebis salanZRavi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> ucnauri da cru</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> masaliT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">. qarTveli mas ar dawerda</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">edaqalaqad kolxas//kalxu</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> didi xnis Semdgom</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> sxva qalaqi, ninia//ninevia </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">amjobines.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">k</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">idev ganvlo </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">did</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">ma</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> xan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">ma</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> da mefe asurnasirfalma Tavisi dedaqalaqis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">ninia//nineviidan </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">kalxuSi gadatana isurva. Zveli kalxus sasaxleebi, ta</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">Z</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">rebi, nagebobebi aRarafrad vargodneno, werda. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">x</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">alxi, Tanxebi moizida </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">da ganaaxla kalxu. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">s ise didad eama</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">, rom aTdRiani zeimi gadaixada. aTiaTasobiT warmomadgeneli</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> miiwvia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> mravali kuTxidan, qalaqidan, dasaxlebidan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">;</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> axali sazeimo tansacm</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">li</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">yoveldRiurad </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">abazani</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">s miRebiT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">, ufaso sasmel-saWmeliT uzrunvelhyo </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">yvela stumari </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">da saCuqrebiT gaistumra Sin.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> qveyana </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">q</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">ardunias arsebob</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">is Sesaxeb </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">lursmnuli damwerlobiT aRbe</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">W</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">dil teqstebSi icoda mose janaSvilma, qaR</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">de qveyanad, saqarTvelod</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> miiCnevda.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> es mosazreba </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">ramdenime xelnawer wignSi aRbeWda da daurTo Tavisi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">Sedgenili </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">ruqac, sadac qardunia Zv.w. meore aTaswleulSi mTels mesopotamiaSi aRbeWda.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">isi mimdebare vrceli midamoc qarTi//qarTveli//kolxi eris ZirZvel samSoblod miiCnia da aRiara. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">es s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">woria da veTanxmebi.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> 1967 wels lursmnuli damwerlobiT aRbeWdil teqstebSi qardunias arseboba aRniSna disertaciaSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> TbilisSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">Tengiz SaraSeniZem. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">q</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">alaqad da ara saxelmwifo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">d miiCnia. qarTTan, saqarTvelosT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">an </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">misi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">raime kavSiri ar </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">uxsenebia disertaciaSi, xolo ra moxda disertaciis ganxilvisas, dasva </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">Tu ara </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">vinmem es sakiTxi, ar vici, ar veswrebodi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">imJamad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> vswavlobdi da am dargs ar vicnobdi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">omdevno aTwleulebSi kidev ufro minavlda TbilisSi sityva qardunias </font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">lursmnuli damwerlobiT aRbe</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">W</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">dil</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> teqsteb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">is xseneba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> da aravisagan msmenia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> g</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">anvlo xanma da TbilisSi gavrcelda internetis sistema. 1994 wlidan </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">is </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">TandaTan xelmisawvdomi gaxda sorosis fondis centrSi da</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> Semdeg, Tbilisi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> sajaro biblioTekaSi( amJamad saqarTvelos parlamentis ilia WavWavaZis saxelobis biblioTeka ewodeba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">avinteresdi sityva qardu//qarTuze </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">msoflioSi arsebuli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">masaliT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">;</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> gamoviZaxe internetis saSualebiT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">sityva qardu </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">laTinuri anbaniT da amoizida qardunias mefeTa wer</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">ilebi Z</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">v</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">.w. meore aTaswleulisa:</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">g</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">urigalcos, burnaburis, qadaSmanis da sxvaTa. wavikiTxe maTi momowera faraoebTan, Sevityve, rom nefertitis dabadebis saxelia TaTu, xolo nefertiti sadedoflo saxelad uwodes </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">nilosispira qveyana</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> misiriaSi//nisiria</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">Si Casaxlebis Semdgom. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">m masalas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> gavecani ramdenime ucxouri qveyanis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> inglisur</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> da frangulenovani masaliT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">ufasod xelmisawvdomad, risTvisac CemTvis ucnob mraval adamians madlobas vuZRvni: gamokvlevebis Semdgenlebs, teqstis amkrefebs, mesuraTeebs, rukebis mxazvelebs, internetiT gamomqveyneblebs-yvelas. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">maTi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> muxlCauxreli</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> Sromis Sedegad Sevityve Cemi saqarTvelos </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">saxelmwifos Zve</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">l</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">Ta</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">Zveli warsuli da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">misi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">Zveli saxeli-qardunia, misi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">ZvelTaZveli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">mefeebis saxelebi da</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> maTi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> saqmianobis miRwevebi.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">m codniT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">aRWurvili </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">daveswari istoriis institutSi mimdinare </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">yrilobas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">, romelzec ganixileboda guram yoranaSvilis wignaki, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">romelSic</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> uCioda da gmobda im Tbilisel mkvlevarebs,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> vinc miiCnevda, rom saqarTvelos saxelmwifos sami aTasi weli Seusrulda 2003 wels da es izeima respublikam.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">aujereblad, usafuZvlod Tvlida </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">Zv.w. pirvel </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">aTaswleulSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> ellinur</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> da lursmnul</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> damwerlobiT aRbeWdil teqstebSi naxseneb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">i</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">diaox</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">sa da kolxas qarTveleb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">is saxelmwifo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">d aRiareb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">is SesaZleblobas. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">g.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">yoranaSvilis wignakSi ewera, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">rom farnavazamde qarTvelebs saxelmwifo ara hqonda</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> da diaoxi, kolxa ar iyo qarTuli, aramed, raRac sxva, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">araqartuli</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> warmonaqmni. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">dasabuTebulad </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">Seedava ramdenime mkvlevari. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">ariam lorTqifaniZem </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">iqve </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">waikiTxa moxseneba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> sadavo sakiTxze</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">oxsenebis bolo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> nawili</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> kiTxvisas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> gavugzavne, gadavawode orwinadadebiani Cemi teqsti, sadac vwerdi, rom didi arqeologis, leonard vullis mier </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">1956 wels londonSi gamoqveynebul </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">wignSi ‘mivi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">wy</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">ebuli samefo’ aris ruqa, sadac mTeli SuamdinareTi aris qardunia; rom is saqarTvelod mimaCnia da vTxov</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> sazogadoebas am cnobis gaTvaliswineba. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">r</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">uqis asli vaaxle</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> da xalxiT gadaWedil darbazSi myof orasze met adamians uCvena kaTedridan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">arbazidan oTar </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">lorTqifaniZem Cailaparaka, rom l. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">.vulli cnobili arqeologi iyo. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">w</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">amodga grigol giorgaZe (</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">lursmnuli damwerlobisa da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">am damwerlobiT aRbeWdili</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> literaturis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">maswavlebeli Tbilisi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> ivane </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">j</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">avaxiSvilis saxelobis universitetSi, da ganacxada yvelas gasagonad, rom qardunia namdvilad ixsenieba Zve</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">l</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">TaZvel teqstebSi, magram mas qarTvel erTan da saqarTvelosTan kavSiri ar aqvs, is ar iyo saqarTvelo, iq ar cxovrobdnen qarTvelebi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">s qardunia sxva, ucxouri qveyana iyo.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">ainteresda </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">rukis m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">omtani</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">s vinaobiT, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">ikiTxa, T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">u </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">veswrebodi sxdomas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">s sakiTxi saqarTveloSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">mxolod </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">or adamians gvainteresebs</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">o</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">, Tqva</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">, riTac gamaoca</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">. t</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">eqstebSic ixsenieba qardunia da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">isini gamoqveynebylia mravaljer,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">ganacxada</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">man</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">xdomis damTavrebisTanave gavecani da vTxove literaturis miTiTeba, sadac</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">, misi sityviT,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> ixsenieba qveyana qardunia. Sempirda moZiebas. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">amiode kviris Semdeg samecniero RonisZiebaze micno, gulis jibidan amoiRo Tavisi xeliT gadawerili nawyvetebi qarduniaze literaturis miTiTebiT da Tavisi daskvniT, rom lursmnuli damwerlobiT aRbeWdil teqstebSi naxsenebi qardunia ar aris qarTulTan, qarTvelurTan raimeTi dakavSirebuli;</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">sxva, araqarTveli eris saxelmwifo iyo; rom SemTxveviTi da usafuZvloa </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">damTxveva, msgavseba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> im ZvelTaZveli saxelmwifo </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> qarduniasi</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">da qardu//qarTveli</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">, saqarTvelo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> saxelwodebisa.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">s arafers ni</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">navs</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">o</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">, Tqva</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">isi xelnaweri Sevinaxe.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">isi naTqvami da naweri ar davijere, antiqarTul gamoxdomad miviCnie da amitom </font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">k</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">vleva kidev meti mondomebiT ganvagrZe.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">maSin aravis uxsenebia mose janaSvilis xelnaweri wignebi, sadac dawvrilebiT aris ganxiluli qardunias, qaldes, mitanis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> katbadukas, xiTis//xeTas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> kolxuroba//qarTuloba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">ose janaSvilis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> erTi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">gamokvleva </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">mqonda mxolod wakiTxuli: </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">‘abxazia </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> abxazci’, sadac abxazebad absua enaze Tu dialeqtze metyveli pirebi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">hyavda</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> miCneulni. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">kargad </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">v</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">icodi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> rom afxazi qarTvelebis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">RviZli nawilis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">kuTxuri saxelia da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">calke </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">afxazuri ena arasodes arsebula bunebaSi da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">ar arsebobs dRes</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">wigni daviwune. m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">ose janaSvili antiqarTvelad miviCnie da SeviZule. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">isi aRaraferi wavikiTxe da ar vicodi, rom </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">hqonia sayuradRebo, marTali gamokvlevebic.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">2009</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">wlis ivlisSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">wavikiTxe</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">erTi mkvlevaris disertaCia mose janaSvilze. iq</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> gakvriT iyo </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">dasaxelebuli misi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> sumerul</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">-qarTuli</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> leqsikoni., romelic mis arqivSia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> xelnawerTa centrSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">ivedi xelnawer</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">a centrSi, wavikiTxe misi arqivis</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">aRweriloba, SevarCie ramdenime teqsti da sulmou</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">qmelad vikiTxe ramdenjerme. amasobaSi oc</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">iod dRe gavida da centris samkiT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">xvelo er</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">i </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">TviT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> daketes. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">vin ebrZvis qarTi//qarTveli eris warsuls? vin akninebda da Cqmalavda, ugulvelyofda misi ZirZveli vrceli miwa-wyalis Sesaxeb arsebul sabuTebs? istoriis institutis direqtori giorgi qsenofontovi, erovnebiT elini( rusulad Tu vityviT, grek). ormoc wels gadacilebuli iyo, rodesac ruseTSi disertaciis dacvis Semdeg TbilisSi ori kaci Camohyva moskovidan, raTa wesis darRveviT, misTvis qarTuli gvari meliqiSvili da erovneba qarTveli mieniWebina Tb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">ilisis saTanado dawesebulebas. is</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">torikosebi ar </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">aRiarebdnen mis qarTvelobas da Zveleburad qsenofontovad ixseniebdnen. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">s aRbeWdilia saqarTvelos radios Zveli Canawerebis masalaSi, romelic drodadro qveyndeba radioTi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">sakandidato disertacia qsenofontovis gvariT aqvs daculi, pirad saqmeSi erovnebad miTiTebuli aqvs ‘berZeni’. Semdgom</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">i gvaric </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">ecvlilia da erovnebad qarTvelia aRniSnuli. “Tavsa axliT vervin iSobs”. adamiani ibadeba mSoblebis erovnebis Sesatyvisi erovnebiT. misi Secvla –gadakeTeba uTavbolobas iwvevs da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">arsad </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">ar unda xdebodes.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">g</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> qsenofontovma dabadebis welic gadaikeTa, Seimcira, raTa saqarTveloSi dadgenili asakis zRvaris miRwevis Semdegac darCeniliyo </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">direqtorad, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">istoriis institutis direqtorad da gaegrZelebina antiqarTuli saqmianoba. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">storikosma guram yoranaSvilma masobrivi saSu</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">alebebiT warmoaCina, rom g. qseno</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">fontovma gardacvlili TanamSromelis piotr uSakovis naSromi gaasaRa Tavis gamokvlevad da samecniero xarisxi am danaSaulebrivi saSualebiT moipova. G. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">qsenofontovis antiqarTuli saqmianobis mavneblobaze lursmnuli damwerlobisa da sumeruli literaturis mkvlevari mixeil wereTeli aRSfoTebiT werda </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">saqarTvelos respublikis erT sofelSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">Tavis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">i gardacvlili</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> Zm</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">is meuRles</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> munxenidan 1960 wels</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">; iq</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> cxovrobda imJamad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">, saqarTvelos damoukidebeli respublikis dapyrobis Semdeg ruseTis wiTeli jaris mier. s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">amecniero yrilobaze Sexvedria germaniaSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">g. qsenofontov-meliqiSvils </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">da gasaubrebia, rogorc egona, qarTvel adamians, amdenad, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">rogorc egona, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">qarTuli sa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">qmis gulSematkivars. ukiTxavs, T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">u romeli soflidan iyo misi ojaxi da uTavbolo pasuxiT mimxvdara, rom</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> qarTuli gvari</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> meliqiSvili misTvis fandi, Tejiri iyo, raTa antiqarTuli saqme SeniRbulad ekeTebina. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">mixeil</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">M.wereTeli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">SiSobda, rom aRmosavleTmcodneobis dargSi moRvawe Tavisi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">ZmisSvil</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">i </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">gogia//</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">giorgi wereTeli giorgi qsenofontovs, imave dargis akademoss, raime xifaTs ar gadaeyara da misi sicocxle safrTxeSi ar Caegdo.. </font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">ufrTxildi mag mavne kacs,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> qsenofontovs;</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> araferi avnos</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> gogias.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">Tavad i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">ci, rom maseT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">i pirovnebebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> yovelgvar danaSauls kadruloben da bedaveno.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">giorgi wereTelic aRmosavleTmcodneobis dargSi muSaobda.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">i, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">xsenebuli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">werili</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">s Sinaarsi: m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">unxeni, 4 seqtemberi. 1960</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> weli</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">. maro, albaT axla dabrunebuli iqmnebi Telavidan da gwer pasuxs Sens werilzed</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">. m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">e ar var kargad da amitom Senc momiteve Cemi najRabni da es mcire werili. damCemda saSineli Tavis tkivilebi, sul loginSi vwevar, 24 saaTidan TiTqmis 16 saaTs. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">mas </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">ra eSveleba. Zalian davberdi da mwuxarebamac momtexa. Cems kuTvnil wignebs, biblioTekas rac Seexeba, Seni mteri ar aris</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> me magiT veRar visargeblo. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">r</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">omc meRirsos mad yofna, mainc ver visargebleb, raTganac Zala aRar Semwevs gonebrivi muSaobisa. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">mitom jobia gogiam(</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">ZmisSvilma) gadaitanos Tavis binazed da mas hqondes da isargeblos. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">q bevri ram aris misi dargisa da gamoadgeba. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">ba vis unda davutovo, gogias meti vinRa damrCa Cemiani da natamali. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">ere, roca dro </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">iqmneba, Tu unda</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> gadasces akademias</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> Torem rad minda an saxeli Cemi da an sxva ram. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">r</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">odesac qsenofontovis wigni wavikiTxe, misi “napadlecari”, maSinve Semomivida gonebaSi eWvi, rom is meliqiSvili ar unda yofiliyo. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">n</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">amdvili meliqiSvili imas ar dawerda. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">xla ki vici, vinc yofila eg uRirsi, magram ar ifiqro, rom an maSin mwyenodes misi “padlecoba” an axla mwyindes. yvelas rac dagviweria am saganzed, yvelaferi dabeWdilia. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">wi, visac ainteresebs, naxavs, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">Tu </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">vis ra gaukeTebia. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">agan ra unda damaklos! </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">n</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">eta</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">vi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> sxva mwuxareba ar mawamebdes. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">mitom, gTxov, uTxra gogias, daanebos Tavi mag oxers, viRacaa. Cemi gulisTvis nu Relavs. meSinia kidec, araferi dauSavos </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="5">muxanaTma</font></b></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">, xom ici, eg xalxi daundobelia. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">q erTma ukve sakadrisi pasuxi gasca qsenofontovs da misi namdvili vinaobac gaamJRavna. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">g</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">ogias didi madloba uTxari, rom Tavisi patara qalisaTvis ubeduri dedaCemis saxeli maia daurqmevia. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">omwere male, Tu SesZeli, rogor gaatare zafxuli TelavSi, an Tu </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">ici rame iseTi, raic mowerad Rirs, da momikiTxe yvelani siyvaruliT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> Senianebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">ca </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> da Cemianebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">c</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">yav kargad. Cemi Svilis-SvilisTvis Tu raime gaqvs dasatovari, Seinaxe. Tavis droze gaiRebT albaT. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">Gwers m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">ixako</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">”-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">muxanaTi, flidi, moRalate, antiqarTveli-ase daaxasiaTa giorgi qsenofontov-meliqiSvili imave dargSi( lursmnuli damwerlobiT aRbeWdili ZvelTaZveli masalis kvleva, Targmna) moRvawe mixako//mixeil wereTelma. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">xla vnaxoT, rogor dagmo g. qsenofontovis saqmianoba da Tviseba qsenofontovis TanamSromelma istorikosma guram yoranaSvilma. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">saqarTvelos dedaqalaq TbilisSi gazeTSi gamoaqveyna werili. daasaTaura mravlismetyvelad: </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="5">akademikosi, romelic</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="5">sul cruobs</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">saqarTveloSi rom crupentelobis dargSi Cempionati( Sejibri) Catardes, eWvi ar mepareba, rom masSi akademikos giorgi meliqiSvils toli ar eyoleba. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">m niWiT igi marTlacda didadaa dajildoebuli. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">mas emateba Sesaferisi socialuri( sazogadoebrivi), kerZod, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">samecniero garemo( TanamSromlebisa da zemdgomebis-mecnierebaTa akademiis xelmZRvanelebis wre</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> igulisxmeba n.f.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">), romelSic misma talantma ( gamorCeulma niWma) friad farTo gasaqani hpova. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">f</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">aqtia, rom giorgi meliqiSvili ar sjerdeba Tavisi aRniSnuli didi niWis gamovlenas cxovrebaSi, maT Soris, istoriisa da eTnografiis institutis direqtoris postze( Tanamdebobaze) da amiT mecnierebaSic uxvad sargeblobs. Tu dainteresdebiT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> amasTanave</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> logikuri da kritikuli azrovneba odnav mainc </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">Tu </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">giWriT da CaxedavT mis nawerebs, dainaxavT, rom, magaliTad, erTi mxriv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> qarTvelebi aborigenebi( ZirZveli eri) vyofilvarT Cveni d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">R</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">evandeli miwa-wylisa, magram meore mxriv, amave teritoriaze sul sxva xalxebi (indoevropelebi, xuritebi, vainaxebi, daRestnuri modgmis xalxebi, afxaz-adiReelebi (da protoxeTebi)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> cxovrobdnen. erTi mxriv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">qveyana </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">diaoxi xuritebiT dasaxlebuli qveyana yofila, xolo meore mxriv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> qarTvelTa gaerTianebasac </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">warmoadgenda</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> Turme</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">asperebi TiTqos qarTveluri modgmisa iyvnen, magram amasTanave</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">, qsenofontovi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> SaviT TeTrze</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> xSirad wers, rom isini xuriteb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">i iyvnen</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> da ase Semdeg. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">u</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">bedureba i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">saa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">, rom am “mecnierul” abdaubdas saTanadod ver acnobiereben araTu rigiTi mkiTxvelebi, aramed qarTveli akademikosebi, wevr-korespondentebi, mecnierebaTa doqtorebi da m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">isTanani. r</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">ogorc cnobilia, giorgi meliqiSvils Secvlili aqvs gvari, saxeli, erovneba, magram, Cvenda samwuxarod, amiT qarTuli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">samSoblos siyvarulis, erTgulebisa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> da erovnuli TviTSegnebis TvalsazrisiT mas araferi SeuZenia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> misi zemoaRniSnuli saxis niWiereba amiT ar SeCereb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">ula.i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">Igi dRemde gvarwmunebs, rom dabadebulia 1918 wlis 30 dekembers </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">misi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">80 wlis iubilesaTvis. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">agram g. meliqiSvili amjeradac tyuis: igi dabadebulia ara 1918, aramed 1915 wels. gTavazobT amis damadasturebel dokumentebs (sabuTebs), romlebic saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa centralur </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">( mTavar) </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">arqivSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">( sacavSi)</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">moviZieT. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">g</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">uram yoranaSvili. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">”-w</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">erils axlavs sami saarqivo sabuTis fotoasli, sadac garkveviT ikiTxeba, rom misi gvaria qsenofontovi, da</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">badebulia 1915 wlis dekemberSi, rom m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">isi erovnebaa berZeni. mSoblebis sazogadoebrivi mdgomareobis safexuri aRniSnuli aqvs ase: moqalaqeTa wridan. 1939 wels daamTavra stalinis saxelobis Tfilisis saxelmwifo universitetis fakulteti da dargi istoriisa. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">esame sabuTia misi xeliT naweri avtobiografia, sadac weria: me, giorgi aleqsandres Ze qsenofontovi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> davibade 1915 wlis 30 dekembers qalaq TbilisSi mosamsaxuris ojaxSi. 1931 wels davamTavre q. Tbilisis 23-e arasruli saSualo skola-amis Semdeg ori weli 1931-33w.w. vswavlobdi industri</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">ul</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5"> teqnikumSi, Semdeg ki 1933-35w.w. Tbilisis 14-e srul saSualo skolaSi, romelic davamTavre 1935 wels. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">mave 1935 wels Cavabare misaRebi gamocdebi Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetSi da Caricxul viqeni aRni</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">nuli….. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">” is didxans iyo TbilisSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">istoriis institutis direqtoris moadgile, Semdeg ki, direqtoris gardacvalebisTanave, direqtorad dainiSna. aseTi direqtori rom samsaxurSi mamuliSviluri suliskveTebiT gulanTebul niWier mkvlevarebs arc miiRebda da arc daawinaurebda, aSkaraa. </font></span></p></div><br>NATELA POPKHADZEhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13568269499155042696noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1993044457595238899.post-53645861163031520872009-08-04T19:28:00.001-07:002009-08-04T19:28:52.657-07:00lursmnulit4agviso9<div class="Section1"><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">simarTle warmosaCenia</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ia, suania, kola,kolaxeTi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">//kolxeTi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, margalia, enguri, lazia, Wania,qarTu//qarduniaS,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qord, qurj, qurd, qurT//qorTu//saqarTuelo-am saxelebiT uZvelesi droidanve arsebobs msoflioSi erT-erTi uZvelesi saxelmwifo. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s Cvenma erma daaarsa da dRevandel dRemde didi ZalisxmeviT moitana ase Tu ise, Tumca saqarTvelos respublikis 1992 wels gaeros mier aRiarebuli sazRvrebis miRma darCa ramdenjerme ufro didi ZirZveli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">C</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">veni miwa-wyali, romlis mosaxleobis nawili amJamadac aris Cveni ZirZveli eris sisxl-xorceuli nawili. Cveni eris</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> erTaderTi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> movaleoba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Cveni eris</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a da misi ZirZveli miwis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> srulad aRorZinebaze zrunvaa. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Cveni eris saxelmwifo daarsda Cvensave ZirZvel miwa-wyalze im Zvel dros, rodesac amJamindeli erebis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> didi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> nawili bunebaSi jer kidev ar arsebobda da mxolod aTaswleulebis Semdeg Seiqmna. Cvens ers sxva eris miwa-wyali arasodes ar miutacebia da Cvens miwa-wyals vjerdebodiT xolme, sxvaTagan gansxvavebiT. amJamad Cveni diadi eri gadaSeneba-gaqrobis piras miiyvanes cruistorikosebma da cruenaTmecnierebma. maT nayalbev wignebs</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a da d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">isertacieb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ze dafuZnebul antiqarTul saqmianobas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ewirebian udanaSaulo adamianebi, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aseve, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">cxovelebi, mcenareuloba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sini bunebis mtrebi arian da unda daisajon ise, rogorc yalbi fulis mWrelebi, r</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">asa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">c moi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">xovs saqarTvelos bunebisa da istoriuli faseulobebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s dacvis</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">arasamTavrobo </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sazogadoebis xelm</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Z</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Rvaneli, biologiur mecnierebaTa doqtori, batoni biZina TavaZe.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> araqarTvel xiznebs gabuqebuli</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">warsuli gamougones TbilisSi, parizSi, peterburgSi//leningradSi, moskovSi, vaSingtonSi, londonSi da sxva qalaqeb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i mcxovrebma mkvlevarebma. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ga</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">abriyves mosaxleobis nawili da erTmaneTTan mravaljer aomes.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> amiT gamoiwvies adamianebisa da, saerTod, bunebis ga</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">C</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">anageba. mSvidobis da</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">samyareblad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> cruistoriis miviwyeba da mar</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ali istoriis warmoCena aucilebelia. Cemi mokr</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Z</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">alebuli Zali</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sx</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mevis mizani</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> swored es </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aris.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aamisod saukeTesoa mose janaSvilis wigni</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> “</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saqarT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">velos istoria uuZvelesi droiTgan”, 1906 wlis gamocem</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">isa da</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> 1928-1930 wlebSi Seqmnili misi naSromebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s monacemebis warmoCena, gavrceleba, gamoyeneba. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">isi gviandeli naSromebi gamorCeulad</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sayuradRebo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ni </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">rian</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, magram</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gamoqveyneba ar eRirsa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da TiTo xelnaweris saxiT Sevid</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">nen</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> 1967 wels xelnawerTa institutis mose janaSvilis fondSi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s gamokvlevebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ramdenime anbani</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> aRbeWdili nawyvetebis, sabuTebis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">emcvelobis gamo dasabeWdad Znelia. advilia da ufro sandoa aslgadamRebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> aTamde calad gamravleba da Tbilisis, quTaisis, baTumis, cxumis, zugdidis, Telavis, foTis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, goris</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> saerTo wignsacavebsa da arqivebSi ganTavseba, raTa </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Cvens </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ers es </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">SesaniSnavi naR</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vawi ar daekargos. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">argis specialistebs misi arseboba ar scodnia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. janaSvilis aTasobi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> furcliani naRvawi xeluxlebeli</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> waukiTxavi Zevs xelnawerTa cent</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">r</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Si TbilisSi( instituts ewoda centri). </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ecnier-TanamSromlebiT sav</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">se</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">im dawesebulebaSi erTi TanamS</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">romeli(</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vTqvaT, mewigne//biblioTekari) ar miiRes iseTi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> rom m. janaSvilis naRvawis sikeTes mimxvdariyo da sazogadoebisaTvis werilebis, radio- da tele-mimoxilvis saxi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T saCqarod gaecno, S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">emdeg wigneb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ic aesaxa. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">idi gansxvavebaa m. janaSvilis adreul da gvian</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">del</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> na</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">romebs Soris</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, radgan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> didi nabiji gadadga mecnieruli winsvlisaken. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">isi na</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">R</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vawis armcodne mkvlevarebi iZulebulni arian Tavidan gaiaron kvlevis is gza, rac m. janaSvilma 19</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">1</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">0-ian wleb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Si</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ukve ganvlo, ra</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a sworad ga</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eazrebina</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> didi kolxe</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i//suaneTi//saqarTuelo </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saTanadod, patiosnad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, daumcroblad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> warmoeCina. aTwleulebis wina</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ro</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mqonoda wakiTxuli m. janaSvilis gamouqveynebeli wignebi, maTSi Caqsovili didi codni</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> aRviWurvebodi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">isi naRvawis arcodnis gamo damoukideblad moviZie teqstebi aiet mefis, cira-ca//circe dedofli</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mefe-qal medeasa da</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> sxva diadi kolx</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ebis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">//qarTuelebis saqmianobaze da sxva saWirboroto sakiTxebze. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">y</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ovelive e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ki ukve ganuxilavs didi xnis winaT m. janaSvils. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">isi naSromebi ivane javaxiSvilis, pavle ingoroyvas naSromebze ufro advilad gasagebia mkiTxvelisaTvis da sasiamovnod wasakiTxia. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ose janaSvilis saukeTeso naSromebis arcodnis gamo CemsaviT aTamde adamianma Tavidan, saZirkvelidan ikvlia kolxi//qarTveli eris warsuli im mizniT, rom cruistorikosebis mier SeTiTxnili Sxamiani nawarmis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">efaseba, Camofaseba SesZleboda. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">TavianT sasikeTo Zalisxmevas moyvarulma mkvlevarebma</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> aTwleulebi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ealies. TavianTi danazogiT dabeWdes werilebi, wignebi.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tuki </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aiTviseben m. janaSvilis bolodroindel gamokvlevebs, momavali qarTveli mkvlevarebi a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">R</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ar dakargaven dros </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">misi kvlevis donis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Rweva</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> aTwleulebis momcveli didi Sromi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da win wavlen.</font></span> </p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">TiTo-orola qarTvelma icis(arc me vicodi erTi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vis wina</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">), rom mose janaSvili mTawmindis sazogado mo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">R</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vaweTa sasaflaoze ganisvenebs. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Sesacvlelia </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mravali </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">araqarT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">veli da</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">maTi gavleniT mosaqme qarTveli mkvlevarebis damokidebuleba lursmnuli( ukeT Tu vityviT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aiasuanikolxiqarTi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">berielebis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">) ZvelTaZveli</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> damwerlobis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">admi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mkvlevarebi</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">C</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qmalaven, ugulvelyofen am </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Z</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">veli damwerlobiT aRbeWdil teqstebSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sakuTar saxelebs: aia, enguri qi//qveyana, kola, kolxeTi, qarTu, qarduniaS, suan da ma</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> nacvlad Targmnisas </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">weren sxva </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sityvebs: </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">esopotamia, fertail kre</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Sent( noyierniadagiani naxevarmT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">varis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eburi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mxare, rac 1956 wels gamoigona g. brestedma</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, xolo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> sxvebi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">TuT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iyu</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ebiviT imeoreben), sumeri, aqadi, sumeri da aqadi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">rada, es sityvebi deda teqst</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i ar aris. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ucilebelia </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">deda teqstSi moxseniebuli sakuT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ari saxelwodebebis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">zustad gadatana TargmanebSi, raT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a mkiTxvels swori warmodgena Seeqmnas moxseniebul </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sakiTxze, erze, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">viTarebaze, garemoze. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">l</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ursmnuli damwerlobis kvlevis dargs misi Semqmneli eris saxeli un</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">da aRudges da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">unda C</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">amo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ordes misi dauZinebeli mtrebis-asurebis//asirielebis saxeli, vinc </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Seesia msoflioS</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i uZvelesi civilizaciis Semqmnel aia qveynelebs//suanebs//kolxebs//qarTuelebs, gaJlita, gadarCenilebs TavianTi xeliT daangrevina erovnuli taZrebi, riTac ud</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">desi tanjva miayena. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">l</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ondonelma da parizelma oriod mkvlevarma gamougona dargs saxelwodeba asurologia//asiriologia//asuriismcodneoba XIX saukuneSi, sxvebma ki aitaces ukritikod da gaavrceles. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">1990-iani wlebidan londoneli, pariz</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eli, vaSingtoneli mkvlevarebis Z</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">al</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">isxmeviT xdeba asureT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is odesRac yofil miwaze asureTis saxelmwifos daarsebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s mizanSewonilobis mxardaWera. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">g</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">avimeoreb, rom odesRac asureTis saxelmwifo daarsda sxvis(Cvens) miwaze, daaqveiTa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">C</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">agra </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">C</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">veni eri; Cvenianebma saukuneTa </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">emdgom daamxes asureTi, aRidgines damoukidebloba. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">am sakiTxs mose janaSvili wignebSi calke Tavs uTmobda da vrclad ganixilavda. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">amJamad asurebad miCneul pirebsa da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">greTwodebul</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">“</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qur</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ebs</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">( </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sxvadasxva tomis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">narev araqarTvel momTabareebs, visac londoneli mkvlevarebisa da mTavrobis ZalisxmeviT mianiWes Cvenianebis saxelwodeba ‘qurT’( rac qarTvelis//‘qurjisa da qorTus Sesatyvisi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> iyo,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> unda iyos</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da ara vinme araqarTvelisa) gamougones cruistoria </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Zv,w. IV saukuneSi qsenofontes mier daweril istoriaSi da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">I saukune</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i strabonis, pliniusis wignebSi moxseniebul </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">karduxebTan igiveobaze, rac sisulelea</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">( karduxi aris kardus//qardus//qarTuelis qi//qveyana da eri)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. maT Tavgzas ubneven da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aiZuleben Zalisxmevas TavianTi saxelmwifos dasaarseblad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ZirZvel kolxur//qarTul miwaze </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iq, sadac amJamad TurqeTi, irani, erayia. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Cvenianebi unda </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gadaWriT SeewinaaRmdegon </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">am gegmas </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">da mxari araviT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ar SemTxvevaSi ar unda dauWiron, radgan am ori saxelmwifos daarseba kidev met omebs gamoiwvevs isedac omebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> daqceul mxareebSi.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s ki aucileblad </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">savalalod </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">cudad aisaxeba </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aiaqarTveli eris, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saqarTvelos saxelmwifos cxovrebaze.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">l</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ondonelma mkvlevarma axlaxan gamoqveynebul statiaSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Zveli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">asurelebis qeba iseve usamarTlod miiCnia, rogorc germaneli faSistebis qeba momaval aTaswleulSi romelime mkvlevaris mier. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">movlenebis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Sefasebisas istoriuli samarTlianoba dasacavia.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">veTanxmebi.</font></span> </p></div><br>NATELA POPKHADZEhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13568269499155042696noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1993044457595238899.post-66135851841932195382009-08-04T05:15:00.001-07:002009-08-04T05:15:22.955-07:00lursmnulit4agviso9<div class="Section1"><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">simarTle warmosaCenia</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="5">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ia, suania, kola,kolaxeTi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">//kolxeTi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, margalia, enguri, lazia, Wania,qarTu//qarduniaS,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qord, qurj, qurd, qurT//qorTu//saqarTuelo-am saxelebiT uZvelesi droidanve arsebobs msoflioSi erT-erTi uZvelesi saxelmwifo. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s Cvenma erma daaarsa da dRevandel dRemde didi ZalisxmeviT moitana ase Tu ise, Tumca saqarTvelos respublikis 1992 wels gaeros mier aRiarebuli sazRvrebis miRma darCa ramdenjerme ufro didi ZirZveli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">C</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">veni miwa-wyali, romlis mosaxleobis nawili amJamadac aris Cveni ZirZveli eris sisxl-xorceuli nawili. Cveni eris</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> erTaderTi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> movaleoba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Cveni eris</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a da misi ZirZveli miwis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> srulad aRorZinebaze zrunvaa. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Cveni eris saxelmwifo daarsda Cvensave ZirZvel miwa-wyalze im Zvel dros, rodesac amJamindeli erebis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> didi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> nawili bunebaSi jer kidev ar arsebobda da mxolod aTaswleulebis Semdeg Seiqmna. Cvens ers sxva eris miwa-wyali arasodes ar miutacebia da Cvens miwa-wyals vjerdebodiT xolme, sxvaTagan gansxvavebiT. amJamad Cveni diadi eri gadaSeneba-gaqrobis piras miiyvanes cruistorikosebma da cruenaTmecnierebma. maT nayalbev wignebs</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a da d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">isertacieb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ze dafuZnebul antiqarTul saqmianobas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ewirebian udanaSaulo adamianebi, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aseve, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">cxovelebi, mcenareuloba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sini bunebis mtrebi arian da unda daisajon ise, rogorc yalbi fulis mWrelebi, r</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">asa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">c moi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">xovs saqarTvelos bunebisa da istoriuli faseulobebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s dacvis</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">arasamTavrobo </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sazogadoebis xelm</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Z</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Rvaneli, biologiur mecnierebaTa doqtori, batoni biZina TavaZe.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> araqarTvel xiznebs gabuqebuli</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">warsuli gamougones TbilisSi, parizSi, peterburgSi//leningradSi, moskovSi, vaSingtonSi, londonSi da sxva qalaqeb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i mcxovrebma mkvlevarebma. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ga</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">abriyves mosaxleobis nawili da erTmaneTTan mravaljer aomes.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> amiT gamoiwvies adamianebisa da, saerTod, bunebis ga</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">C</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">anageba. mSvidobis da</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">samyareblad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> cruistoriis miviwyeba da mar</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ali istoriis warmoCena aucilebelia. Cemi mokr</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Z</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">alebuli Zali</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sx</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mevis mizani</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> swored es </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aris.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aamisod saukeTesoa mose janaSvilis wigni</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> “</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saqarT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">velos istoria uuZvelesi droiTgan”, 1906 wlis gamocem</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">isa da</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> 1928-1930 wlebSi Seqmnili misi naSromebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s monacemebis warmoCena, gavrceleba, gamoyeneba. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">isi gviandeli naSromebi gamorCeulad </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sayuradRebo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ni </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">rian</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, magram</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gamoqveyneba ar eRirsa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da TiTo xelnaweris saxiT Sevid</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">nen</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> 1967 wels xelnawerTa institutis mose janaSvilis fondSi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s gamokvlevebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ramdenime anbani</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> aRbeWdili nawyvetebis, sabuTebis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">emcvelobis gamo dasabeWdad Znelia. advilia da ufro sandoa aslgadamRebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> aTamde calad gamravleba da Tbilisis, quTaisis, baTumis, cxumis, zugdidis, Telavis, foTis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, goris</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> saerTo wignsacavebsa da arqivebSi ganTavseba, raTa </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Cvens </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ers es </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">SesaniSnavi naR</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vawi ar daekargos. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">argis specialistebs misi arseboba ar scodnia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. janaSvilis aTasobi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> furcliani naRvawi xeluxlebeli</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> waukiTxavi Zevs xelnawerTa cent</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">r</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Si TbilisSi( instituts ewoda centri). </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ecnier-TanamSromlebiT sav</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">se</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">im dawesebulebaSi erTi TanamS</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">romeli(</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vTqvaT, mewigne//biblioTekari) ar miiRes iseTi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> rom m. janaSvilis naRvawis sikeTes mimxvdariyo da sazogadoebisaTvis werilebis, radio- da tele-mimoxilvis saxi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T saCqarod gaecno, S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">emdeg wigneb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ic aesaxa. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">idi gansxvavebaa m. janaSvilis adreul da gvian</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">del</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> na</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">romebs Soris</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, radgan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> didi nabiji gadadga mecnieruli winsvlisaken. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">isi na</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">R</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vawis armcodne mkvlevarebi iZulebulni arian Tavidan gaiaron kvlevis is gza, rac m. janaSvilma 19</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">1</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">0-ian wleb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Si</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ukve ganvlo, ra</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a sworad ga</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eazrebina</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> didi kolxe</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i//suaneTi//saqarTuelo </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saTanadod, patiosnad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, daumcroblad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> warmoeCina. aTwleulebis wina</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ro</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mqonoda wakiTxuli m. janaSvilis gamouqveynebeli wignebi, maTSi Caqsovili didi codni</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> aRviWurvebodi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">isi naRvawis arcodnis gamo damoukideblad moviZie teqstebi aiet mefis, cira-ca//circe dedofli</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mefe-qal medeasa da</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> sxva diadi kolx</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ebis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">//qarTuelebis saqmianobaze da sxva saWirboroto sakiTxebze. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">y</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ovelive e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ki ukve ganuxilavs didi xnis winaT m. janaSvils. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">isi naSromebi ivane javaxiSvilis, pavle ingoroyvas naSromebze ufro advilad gasagebia mkiTxvelisaTvis da sasiamovnod wasakiTxia. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ose janaSvilis saukeTeso naSromebis arcodnis gamo CemsaviT aTamde adamianma Tavidan, saZirkvelidan ikvlia kolxi//qarTveli eris warsuli im mizniT, rom cruistorikosebis mier SeTiTxnili Sxamiani nawarmis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">efaseba, Camofaseba SesZleboda. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">TavianT sasikeTo Zalisxmevas moyvarulma mkvlevarebma</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> aTwleulebi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ealies. TavianTi danazogiT dabeWdes werilebi, wignebi.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tuki </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aiTviseben m. janaSvilis bolodroindel gamokvlevebs, momavali qarTveli mkvlevarebi a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">R</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ar dakargaven dros </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">misi kvlevis donis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Rweva</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> aTwleulebis momcveli didi Sromi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da win wavlen.</font></span> </p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">TiTo-orola qarTvelma icis(arc me vicodi erTi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vis wina</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">), rom mose janaSvili mTawmindis sazogado morvaweTa sasaflaoze ganisvenebs. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Sesacvlelia araqarT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">veli da ,maTi gavleniT mosaqme qarTveli mkvlevarebis damokidebuleba lursmnuli( ukeT Tu vityviT</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aiasuanikolxiqarTiberielebisZvelTaZveli) damwerlobis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">admi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mkvlevarebi</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">C</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qmalaven, ugulvelyofen am </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Z</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">veli damwerlobiT aRbeWdil teqstebSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sakuTar saxelebs: aia, enguri qi//qveyana, kola, kolxeTi, qarTu, qarduniaS, suan da ma</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> nacvlad Targmnisas </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">weren sxva </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sityvebs: </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">esopotamia, fertail kre</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Sent( noyierniadagiani naxevarmT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">varis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eburi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mxare, rac 1956 wels gamoigona g. brestedma</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, xolo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> sxvebi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">TuT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iyu</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ebiviT imeoreben), sumeri, aqadi, sumeri da aqadi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">rada, es sityvebi deda teqst</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i ar aris. Aucilebelia </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">deda teqstSi moxseniebuli sakuT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ari saxelwodebebis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">zustad gadatana TargmanebSi, raT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a mkiTxvels swori warmodgena Seeqmnas moxseniebul </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sakiTxze, erze, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">viTarebaze, garemoze. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">l</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ursmnuli damwerlobis kvlevis dargs misi Semqmneli eris saxeli un</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">da aRudges da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">unda C</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">amo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ordes misi dauZinebeli mtrebis-asurebis//asirielebis saxeli, vinc </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Seesia msoflioS</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i uZvelesi civilizaciis Semqmnel aia qveynelebs//suanebs//kolxebs//qarTuelebs, gaJlita, gadarCenilebs TavianTi xeliT daangrevina erovnuli taZrebi, riTac ud</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">desi tanjva miayena. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">l</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ondonelma da parizelma oriod mkvlevarma gamougona dargs saxelwodeba asurologia//asiriologia//asuriismcodneoba XIX saukuneSi, sxvebma ki aitaces ukritikod da gaavrceles. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">1990-iani wlebidan londoneli, pariz</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eli, vaSingtoneli mkvlevarebis Z</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">al</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">isxmeviT xdeba asureT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is odesRac yofil miwaze asureTis saxelmwifos daarsebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s mizanSewonilobis mxardaWera. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">g</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">avimeoreb, rom odesRac asureTis saxelmwifo daarsda sxvis(Cvens) miwaze, daaqveiTa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">C</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">agra </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">C</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">veni eri; Cvenianebma saukuneTa </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">emdgom daamxes asureTi, aRidgines damoukidebloba. asureTisa da e.w. qur</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ebis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">( araqarTveli qurTebis)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> saxelmwifoTa daarsebas ZirZvel kolxur//qarTul miwaze Cvenianebi unda </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gadaWriT SeewinaaRmdegon da mxari araviT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ar SemTxvevaSi ar unda dauWiron, radgan am ori saxelmwifos daarseba kidev met omebs gamoiwvevs isedac omebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> daqceul mxareebSi.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s ki aucileblad </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">savalalod </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">cudad aisaxeba saqarTvelos saxelmwifos cxovrebaze.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Londonelma mkvlevarma axlaxan gamoqveynebul statiaSi asurelebis qeba iseve usamarTlod miiCnia, rogorc germaneli faSistebis qeba momaval aTaswleulSi romelime mkvlevaris mier. Sefasebisas istoriuli samarTlianoba dasacavia.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">veTanxmebi.</font></span> </p></div><br>NATELA POPKHADZEhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13568269499155042696noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1993044457595238899.post-36464706026576185022009-07-29T10:56:00.001-07:002009-07-29T10:56:19.687-07:001924qaldeurMose<div class="Section1"><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ქართველ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ერს</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">კომუნისტი</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">" 1924, N 4 (857), 5 </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">იანვ</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">გვ</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">. 3.</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ამავე</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სათაურით</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მე</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">დავბეჭდე</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">წერილი</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3"> ,,</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">კომუნისტში</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">” 1921 </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">წელს</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">აპრილში</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">და</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ვაუწყე</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">საზოგადოებას</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">რომ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">დავამთავრე-თქო</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">შედგენა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">და</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">გადაწერა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ქართულ</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">რუსულ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ლექსიკონისა</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">რომელშიაც</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">შევიდა</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3"> 104.000 </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სიტყვა.დღეს</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">პატივი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მაქვს</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">საზოგადოებას</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">გავაცნო</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ჩემივე</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">შრომა</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">რომელიც</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მიძღვნილიაქალლდეურ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ტექსტებისთვის.ქალდეური</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ტექსტები</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ქვა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">კლდეზე</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">გამოჭრილი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">წარწერებია</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ამისთანა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ძეგლწერადღეს</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3"> 180-მდე </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ითვლება</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">პირველი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მათგან</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">იპოვნა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">შულცმა</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3"> 1827 </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">წელს</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ვანის</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ტბის</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">პირას</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მერე</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">რავდენიმე</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სხვაც</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">იმავე</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ტბის</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">არე-მარეზე.წარწერების</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ფოტოგრაფიები</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">უკვე</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">დაბეჭდილია</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მრავალ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სამეცნიერო</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">გამოცემებში</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">.</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ტექსტები</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">წაიკითხეს</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მაგრამ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ვერ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ამოიცნეს</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">რა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ენაზე</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">იყო</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">დაწერილი</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">საისი</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">,</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ლენორმანი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მას</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">უნათესავებდნენ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ქართულ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ენას</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ბოლოს</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">გამოითქვა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">აზრი</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">,, ,,</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">თუ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ამ</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ძეგლწერათა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">დამტოვ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მოდგმის</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">წარმომადგენელნი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">არ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">არიან</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">დღევანდელი</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ქართველები</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მაშინ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">იგი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">უნდა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ჩაითვალოს</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სრულიად</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">გადაშენებულ-ამოწყვეტილ</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ხალხად</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">” (</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ნიკოლსკი</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">).</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ჩვენ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">გავეცანით</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ამ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ტექსტებს</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">რუსულ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">გამოცემებით</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">,,</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">Древности</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">Восточныя</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">” (ტ. 1,გამოც. მე-3), ,,</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">Материалы</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">по</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">археологии</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">Кавказа</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">” (</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">გამოც</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">. მე-5, 1896 წ.). </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ამათში</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">დაბეჭდილია</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ქალდეური</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ანუ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">აგრედწოდებული</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ვანის</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ლურსმური</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">წარწერები</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">”(</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მ.ნიკოლსკის</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">რედაქციით</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">) </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">იქაურ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მეფეებისა</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">რომელნიც</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ასურულ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">წყაროების</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მიხედვით</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">თანამედროვეები</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">იყვნენ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ასურ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ნასირ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">აბალისა</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3"> (885-860ცწ. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ქრ</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">. წ.),</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სალმანასარისა</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3"> (860-825) </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">და</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სხ.ჩვენ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">შევუდექით</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ძვირფას</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ტესტების</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">შესწავლას</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">და</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მათ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">შესახებ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მოხსენება</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">წავიკითხეთ</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3"> 1900 </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">წელს</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">არქეოლოგიურ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">კრებაზე</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">პრ</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">უვაროვას</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3"> თავმჯდომარეობით</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">;1906</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">წელს</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">კრებულში</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3"> ,,</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">Батум</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3"> и </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">его</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">окрестности</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">” </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">გამოვაცხადეთ</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3"> (</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">გვ</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">. 33):</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ენა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ვანის</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ლურსმურ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ძეგლწერათა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">არის</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ენა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ქართული</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">”.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მაგრამ</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">როგორც</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მოგეხსენებათ</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">თქმა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ერთია</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">დასაბუთება</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სხვა</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">საჭირო</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">იყო</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ჩვენი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სიტყვის</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">დასაბუთება</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">და</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3"> 1906 </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">წლის</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">აქეთ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ამ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">საბუთების</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ჩხრეკა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ძიებას</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მოვანდომეთ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">დრო-ჟამი</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">.</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ანალიზი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">გავუკეთეთ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ქართველ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მოდგმის</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">კილოების</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ფორმებს</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სათემო</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">და</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">საგვარტომო</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სახელებს</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">გეოგრაფიულ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სახელების</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">შედგენილობას</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">აღვადგინეთ</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">,</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">შეძლებისამებრ</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ძველი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">საერთო</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ენის</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სახე</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">და</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">იგი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">დაუპირისპირეთ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ლურსმურ</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ტექსტების</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ენა</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">და</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ამ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ტექსტებიდან</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3"> 17 </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">უკვე</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">წავიკითხეთ</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3"> (</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სქოლიოში</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მითითებუ</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">-</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ლია:</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ესენი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">დაბეჭდილნია</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ზემოხსენებულ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">რუსულ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">გამოცემებში</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ნიკოლსკის</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">რედაქციით-კ.კ</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">.).</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">წაკითხული</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ტექსტების</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ენა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">საგვარტომო</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ქართული</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ენაა</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მხოლოდ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">შიგა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">და</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">შიგ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">გვხვდება</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">თითო</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ოროლა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ფორმა</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">რომელიც</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ამ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">საგვარტომო</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ქართულს</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">დაუკარგავს</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">და</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">დაშთენილა-კი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">განაპირა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">კილოებში</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3"> (</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ინგ</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">., </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ხევს</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">., </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სვან</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">., </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მეგრ</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">., </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ჭან</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">.).</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">რახან</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">წაკითხვამ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ცხადჰყო</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">რომ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ძეგლების</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">დამწერნი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ყოფილან</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ქართველები</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">,</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ამიტომ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">საჭირო</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">შეიქმნა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">განმეხილა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სამეცნიერო</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ლიტერატურა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">შესახებ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ამ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ძეგლების</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">დამტოვებელ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">დიდ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">და</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სიბრძნით</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">განთქმულ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ხალდეველებისა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">და</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მათ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ერთ-სისხლ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">და</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ერთ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ხორც</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ხეთელებ-კოლხებისა</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">აღმოჩნდა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">შემდეგი</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">უწინარეს</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ჟამებშივე</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ხალდეველთა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მოდგმას</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სჭერია</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მთელი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">შუამდინარე</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">და</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მცირე</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">აზია</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ეგვიპტის</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">საზღვრებამდე</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">კუნძულები</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">კვიპროსი</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3"> (</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ამას</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მათებურად</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ერქვა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">აგრეთვე</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">იავნანა</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">) </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">და</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">კრეტა</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">შარდან</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">კოლხელი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">თავის</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">რაზმით</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ჰშველოდა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">რამზეს</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">II</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">-ს</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">1270 წ. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ქრ</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">. წ. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">კოლხელებივე</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ენადებოდნენ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ლიბიელებს</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3"> (</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">აფრიკაში</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">), </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">საცა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ცხოვროდა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">თეთრკანიანი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ხალხი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">თხუხი</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">კახაკინილოსის</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">დელტის</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სამხრით</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ქალაქი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ტანისი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">(</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ავარისი</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">) </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">იყო</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">უმთავრესი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სამყოო</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">კოლხელებისა</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ჰიქსოსების</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ხანაში</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მთელი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ეგვიპტე</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სირია</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ღასისამდე</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">და</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">შუამდინარე</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">წარმოადგენდა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ერთ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სახელმწიფოს</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ჰეგემონიის</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ქვეშე</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ხეთა-ქა</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">l</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">დის</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მოდგმისა</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">შემდეგში</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3"> 1270 </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">წელს</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ხეთას</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მეფე</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ხიტისარმა</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">(</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სქოლიოში</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">აღნიშნულია:ხიტი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">იგივე</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ქიტი</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ხატი</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ხეტაა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ხიტიის</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ანუ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ხიტის</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მეფე</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">(</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სარ-ცარ</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მცარი</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ცავი</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">), </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">რომ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სამეგობრო</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ხელშეკრულება</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">დასდო</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">რამზეს</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">II</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">-</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სთან</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ამ</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ხელშეკრულობის</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სიმტკიცეს</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">თავდებად</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">დაუდგა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ათასი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ღმერთი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ხეთას</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ქვეყნისა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">და</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ათასი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ღმერთი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ეგვიპტისა</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">და</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">იგივე</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ხელშეკრულობა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">თავის</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ბეჭდით</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">და</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ხელმოწერით</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">დაამტკიცა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ხეთას</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">დედოფალმა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">გილუხიპამ</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3"> (</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სქოლიოში</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ნათქვამია:ასეთივე</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სახელიანი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სეფე</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ქალები</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ქალდისა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ცოლად</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ჰყვანდათ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ფარაონებს</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">),</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ასულმა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">კიჯადადანის</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ქვეყნისა</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">.</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">საგულისხმოა</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">რომ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ჰეროდოტე</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">რომელმაც</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მოიარა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ეგვიპტე</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">და</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">კოლხეთი</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ეგვიპტელებსა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">და</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">კოლხებ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">შორის</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ერთის</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მხრივ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">და</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მათ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ჩვეულებასა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">და</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ენას</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">შორის</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მეორეს</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მხრივ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">დიდ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ერთობას</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">აღნიშნავს</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ბერძენთ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მწერლებივე</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">აცხადებენ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">კოლხების</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ერთგვარ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">დენას</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">დასავლეთის-კენ</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სტრაბონი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">იუწყება</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">კოლხების</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">კვალი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">შეინიშნებაო</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">კუნძულ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">კრეტაზე</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">იტალიას,ადრიატიკის</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ზღვამდე</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">აქ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">პლინიუსი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">უჩვენებს</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ქალაქს</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">კოლხინიუმ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">კოლხთა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">აგებულს</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ამათ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">წინანდელი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მწერლები</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">კალლიმახი</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3"> (260-230 წ. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ქრ</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">. წ.) </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">და</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სხვა</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">კოლხთა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ქალაქებს</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">უჩვენებენ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ეპირში</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ისტრიას</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3"> (</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სქოლიოში</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">აღნიშნულია:კოლხებმა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">დააარსესო</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ქალაქი</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">რომელსაც</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">დაარქვესო</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">თავიანთებურად</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">პოლა</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">გვგონია</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ნაკვეთად</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სიტყვისა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სოფელი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ზმნიდან</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ფუუა</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ფლვა</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ფლობა</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">).</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">თვით</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">იუპოტერის</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">აღმზრდელებადაც</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">იგივე</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ბერძნის</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მწერლები</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">აცხადებენ</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">კოლხებს</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ათინის</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">კულტიც</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">კოლხეთიდან</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">გადაინერგესო</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">შემოვკრიბეთ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ჩვენ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">გეოგრაფიული</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სახელებიც</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ხეთა-ქალდიისა</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">და</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მათ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">შორის</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">არა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ერთი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">აღმოჩნდა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სეხნია</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">აწინდელ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">საქართველოს</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">გეოგრაფიულ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სახელისა</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">იგეთიც-კი</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ვით</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">არმაზი</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ოპიზი</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ძამა</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">გურია</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ეფრატი</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მაგრამ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ამ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სახელებში</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">უმთავრესი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ჩვენი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ყურადღება</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მიიპყრო</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">შუამდინარის</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">წოდებამ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">შუმერე</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, ე. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">შუამერე</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ტიგროსსა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">და</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ევფრატს</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">შუა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მდებარე</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მერე</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">=</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სარწყავი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მიწა</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ამ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">შუმერის</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ენა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">აქაურობისთვის</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ისეთივე</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">საღმრთო</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ენა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">იყო</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">როგორიც</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ევროპისთვის</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ლათინური</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მაგრამ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ამ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ლათინურზე</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ორჯერ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მეტ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ხანს</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3"> (</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ისტორია</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">კაცობრიობისა</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ჰელმჰოლცის</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">რედაქცია</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3"> 1904 წ. ტ. 3, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">გვ</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">. 6.)</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ასე</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">შემოიკრიბა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">დიდძალი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მასალა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">და</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ისეთის</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ხასიათისა</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">რომ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">აშუქებს</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ქართველი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ერის</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">წარსულს</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">და</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ამიტომ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ამ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მასალის</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სემცველს</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ჩვენს</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ახალ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">შრომას</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სახელად</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">დავანათლეთ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ქართველები</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">და</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ქართული</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ენა</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">”.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ეს</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">წიგნი</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3"> (</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ასამდე</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ხელნაწერი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">თაბახი</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">) </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">დაყოფილია</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ოთხ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">თავად</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">თავი</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3"> 1. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">გამოკვლევა</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">: </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ენა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">საზოგადოდ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">და</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ქართული</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">განმსაკუთრებით</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">პალემფსესტების</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ენა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">და</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ინგილოურ-სვანური</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">კილოები</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">არსებითი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ზმნა</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ნაცვალსახელები</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">რიცხვი</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">თანდებული</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3"> (</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">წინ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">და</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">უკან</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სართავები</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">)-</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ნათესაობითი</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ბრუნვა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">და</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3"> ი. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ზმნათა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">შორის</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ღმერთი</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მზე</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მთვარე</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ცა</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">თავი</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3"> 2. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სათემო</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">და</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">საგვარტომო</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სახელების</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">დაბოლოებანი</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">თავი</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3"> 3. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ქალდეური</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ტექსტები</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">; </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">წაკითხვა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">განმარტებანი</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">.</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">თავი</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3"> 4. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ქალდიიდან</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ქართლამდე</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">:</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">1. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ქალდიის</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მოკლე</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ისტორია</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">. 2. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ცნობები</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ხეთის</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">შესახებ:ხეთას</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ადგილები.ღმერთები.მეფეები</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ანბანი</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ხეთა-აკადური</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სიტყვები</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">. 3. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ეგვიპტელები</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">და</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">კოლხები.სახელები</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">დაბოლოებით</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3"> კ-</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">კი</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">-</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">კა</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">-</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">გი</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">შარდან</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">კოლხელი</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3"> 1270 წ. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">კოლხები</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ტანისში</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">და</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ლიბიაში</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">. 4. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ქალდიის</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">გეოგრაფიული</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სახელები</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ქალდეველტა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ენა</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">კულტურა</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მხედრობა</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">დაშლა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">დიდებულ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">იმპერიისა</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მცხეთა</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">.</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">დასკვნა:</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ქალდეურ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ტექსტების</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მნიშვნელობა</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">დამატება:</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">1. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სამეგობრო</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ხელშეკრულება</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ხეთა-ეგვიპტისა</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3"> (</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">თარგმანი</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="2">_______</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">). 2. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ქართული</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">გეოგრაფიული</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სახელები</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">და</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მათი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">დაბოლებანი</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">. 3. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ბგერათ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">შესატყვისობა</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ქალდთა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ძეგლ-წერანი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ისეთი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ხასიათისანი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">არიან</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">რომ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">იგინი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">დიდი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მეცნიერების</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სიტყვით</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">არ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ჩამოუვარდებიან</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ეგვიპტის</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ცნობილ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ძეგლებს</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ოღონს</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">უნდათ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მათ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">გულდასმით</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">და</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ბეჯითად</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">შესწავლა</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ტექსტების</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მოგროვება</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">გადმოთარგმნა,გამოქვეყნება</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">და</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">გავრცელება</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ყველა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ეს</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">უნდა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ითავოს</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ჩვენმა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ნორჩმა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">უნივერსიტეტმა</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">საცა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მოღვაწეობენ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ისეთი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ძალები</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ვით</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ივ.ჯავახიშვილი</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">კ.კეკელიძე</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ა.შანიძე</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">გ.ახვლედიანი</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">გ.წერეთელი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">და</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სხ</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ჩვენი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ძეგლწერები</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">არა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მარტო</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ადგილობრივი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მნიშვნელობისაა</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">არამედ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">საზოგადოც</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">საკაცობრიო</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ჯერ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ისევ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ამ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ძეგლწერათა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">წაკითხვამდე</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ინგლისის</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მეცნიერი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">კლარკი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">წერდა</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">:</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">,,</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ქართველი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მოდგმა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">უწინ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ფართედ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">იყო</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">განთესილი</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">არსებობდა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ძველი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ქართული</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ენა</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">რომელიც</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">შემდეგში</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">გაშტოვდა</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მოდგმათა</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ერი</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">რომელიც</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ამ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ქართულ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ენაზე</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ლაპარაკობდა</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ბატონობდა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მთელს</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მაშინდელ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ცნობილ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მსოფლიოში</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">უმთავრესი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სამყოფო</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">კი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ამ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ერისა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">იყო</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">იბერია</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">-</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ედემი</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ბაბილონს</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">და</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ასურეთს</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">აღმოცენდა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მისი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სკოლები</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სამეცნიერო</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სამწერლო</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">და</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სახელოვნო</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">შესაგნებად</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">უძველეს</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ძეგლ-წერატა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ფორმებისა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">და</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">აკადის</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ძეგლწერების</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">წასაკითხავად</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">უნდა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მივმართოთ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ძველ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ქართულ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">წყაროებს</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სომხები</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">და</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სპარსელები</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">არიან</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ნაშთნი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ძველ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ქართველებისა</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ასურთა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მიერ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">დამარცხებულებისა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">და</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">დევნილებისა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მათ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სამხრეთ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სამფლობელოდან</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">”.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">H. Clark. On the </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">prehistorie</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3"> and </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">protohistorie</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">relationr</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, of Asia (Journal of </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">the of</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3"> the</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">Antropokog</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ligt</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">; </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">tute</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, 1871 წ. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">გვ</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">52-59. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">კ.პატკანოვი</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">.</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3"> ,</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ვანის</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ძეგლწერანი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">და</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მნიშვნელობა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">წინა-აზიის</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ისტორიისათვი</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">”, 1881, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">გვ</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">. 15).</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">როგორც</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ჰხედავთ</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ყოველ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მხრივ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">საყურადღებოა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">კლარკის</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">აზრი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">და</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">შეხედულობა</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">.</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ძეგლწერათა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ენა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">უკვე</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ამოცნობილად</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">უნდა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ჩაითვალოს</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ქართველი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ერი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მოვალეა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">დიდის</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">გულისხმიერობით</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მოეჭიდოს</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">იმ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">საუნჯეს</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">რომელიც</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ბიაბან</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ადგილებში</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">დაუტოვებიათ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">წინაპრებს</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">დასასრულ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">უნდა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ვთქვათ</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">რომ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ერთი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ძეგლწერა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">თავდება</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ლექსად</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">რომლის</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">დაბოლოება</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ასეთია</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">:...</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ნუ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ლალიე</font></span> </p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ნუ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ლაალი</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ნულულიე</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სელუინიე</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ასეთები</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">იყვნენ</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3"> ,,</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">გულმყარნი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">და</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">კის</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">k</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ასნი</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ვეფხვზე</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მალი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ცხენებით</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">” (</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ამბაკომე</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">)</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ქალდინინი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">uSma</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">შინი</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">””.</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">29 </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">დეკ</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">.</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3"> 1923</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">..თანამედროვენი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მოსე</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ჯანაშვილის</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მოღვაწეობაზე</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">,,</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ჩვენ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მივიღეთ</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მშვენივრად</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">გამოცემული</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3"> ,,,</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">საქართველოს</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ისტორია</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">", </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">შედგენილი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მოსე</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ჯანაშვილისაგან</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">წიგნი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">შედგება</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ორას</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ორმოცი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">გვერდისაგან</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ფასი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">წიგნისა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">არის</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">დანიშნული</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">სამი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">აბაზი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">და</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ვინც</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ოც</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">წიგნზე</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მეტს</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">წაიღებს</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ერთად</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">მას</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">წიგნი</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ეთმობა</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="3">ათ</font></span><span style="font-family:'Sylfaen'"><font size="2">__</font></span></p></div><br>NATELA POPKHADZEhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13568269499155042696noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1993044457595238899.post-79655904451029907282009-07-29T10:50:00.001-07:002009-07-29T10:50:01.832-07:00onomastikaPopkhadze2 (2)<div class="Section1"><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">n</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aTela fofxaZe. saqarTvelo. Tbilisi</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mSeneblobis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">RvTaeba </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">“</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">kola</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">toponimebi kola, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">kolxeTi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> lursmnuli damwerlobiT aRbeWdili masalis monacemebiT</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTvelTa erT-erTi</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">uZvelesi saxelmwifos saxels </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">‘</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">kola</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">’</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-s mose janaSvili qarTul sityvas kola//kvali( saxnisis, guTanis mier kvalis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, kaspiispira qarTvelebis metyvelebiT, kolis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gavlebas) da ,saerTod, miwaTmoqmedi// margali</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">//qarTveli</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> anu georgieli erisa da saxelmwifos saxels) ukavSirebda da utolebda</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">( janaSvili 1928 54)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. veTanxmebi, vemxrobi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">RvTaeba kola ixsenieba qalduri lursmnuli</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> damwerlobiT aRbeWdil teqstebSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> agurisa da, saerTod, mSeneblobis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">dargis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">RvTaeba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. Tixisagan gamoZerwa RvTaeba enqim</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. enqis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> meore saxeli</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> iyo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da aris</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ea</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">; </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">daavala </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">nagebobebis, pirvel rigSi, ta</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Z</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">rebis ageba. mSeneblobis RvTaebis saxeli ewoda pirveli qalaqis-eridu-s Zvel ubans</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, Zvel qalaqs</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, masze dafuZnebul</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> uZveles saxelmwifos. kerZod, lugalbandas, misi vaJis, saxelad, gilgameSis Tavgadasavlebis Semdgenlebi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">da gadamwerebi Zv.w.-iT mesame da momdevno aTaswleulebSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> xsenebul xelisufalTa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> saxelmwifos kola-d, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">‘</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">kola-ba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">’-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d ixseniebdnen.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">nqi//ea miwisa da wylis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, miwa-wylis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> RvTaebaa, Tqmulebis Tanaxmad.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">amJamindelma </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ucxoelma </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mkvlevarebma RvTaeba kolas saxeli mianiWes galaqtik</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aSi erT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-erT kraters</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Cemi mosazrebiT, mSeneblobis ZvelTaZveli RvTaebis saxeli kola, romelic ewoda </font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qalduri//lursmnuli damwerlobiT warmoCenil uZveles saxelmwifos( gilgameSis mamis qveyanas)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">SenarCunebulia qarTvelebis erT-erT saxelwodebaSi kolxi, kolxebi da geografiul sakuTar saxelebSi kola, kola-artaani, kolxeTi, kolxeTis zRva</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">kala (sofeli mestiis raionSi), </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">kalxu</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. kalxu </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qveyana qardunias </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Zveli dedaqalaqis saxeli</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a. arc Tu didi xnis winaT Seucvales da</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">q. nimrodi</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">u</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">wode</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">erayis respublikaSia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Seneblobis RvTaeba kolasadmi miZRvnili Selocvebi Targ</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">nilia inglisur enaze da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gamoqveynebulia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">erT-erTi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Selocvis teqstis Tanaxmad, RvTaeba kolas </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Semlocveli unda ganurisxdes, raTa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> axladnagebi Senobidan </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">g</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">asvla da ardabruneba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> aiZulos</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sami dRe-Ramis manZilze </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">nagebobaSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mSeneblebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">( muSebi)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ar unda Sevidnen, weria teqstSi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">j</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">adosnuri SelocviT imedovnebdnen, rom nageboba unaklo iqneboda, ar Camoi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">n</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">greoda, Se</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">keTeb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">lad</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">R</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vTaeba k</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">o</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">las</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a da mSeneblebis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mipatiJeba ar dasWirdeboda.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> samxareo saxeli kolixiTi aRbeWdilia qalduri lursmnuli damwerlobiT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, rac </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">u h</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. van soldtis statiiT Sevityve axlaxan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">( soldt 1992 30)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. geografiuli saxelwodeba kolixiTi-s( kolxeTis) lursmnuli damwerlobiT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">arsebobaze </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">cnoba </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTveli mkvlevarebis naSromebSi ar Semxvedria. xsenebuli teqstiT, kolixiTis im mxareSi, romelic amJamad kola-artaanis mxared iwodeba qarTulenovan samecniero literaturaSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> imyofeboda </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">da gadaadgildeboda samxareo sameTvalyuro</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> jgufi didmoxelis</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">TanxlebiT. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ose janaSvilis wignSi(</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">janaSvili 1906 18) warmoCenilia lursmnuli damwerlobis Semqmneli eris vinaoba. 1927 wlis Semdgom Sedgenil Tavis xelnawer wignebSi, romel</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a umetesoba gamouqveynebelia da specialistebisaTvisac ki ucnobia, is saTaurSive </font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">akvalianebs sazogadoebas, rom lursmnuli( misi sityviT, lursmnuri) damwerlobiT aRbeWdili literatur</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">‘</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">uuZvelesi qarTuli</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">’</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> literaturaa. veTanxmebi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> janaS</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vilma gamokveTa sakiTxi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> saxelmwifo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> asureTis</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gvian Seqmnaze</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qaldur//qarTul saxelmwifosTan SedarebiT.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">;</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> rac mTavaria, manamde aTaswleulebis manZilze arsebuli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">q</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aldebis//qarTebis//qarTvelebis miwa-wyal</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ze misi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> nawilis mitacebiT, ZirZveli mosaxleobis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Jlet</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iTa da gadarCenilebis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qonebis, kulturis mi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tvis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">es moxda Zv.w. XII s.Si da</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3"> ubedureba moutana ZirZvel mosaxleobas, amdenad, qaldebis damwerlobis, literaturis, kulturis kvlevis dargis saxeldeba asurologiad//asurTmcodneobad umar</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">T</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">ebulo</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">,</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3"> usamarTloa. ATbilisis universitetSi asiriologiis</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">//asurologiis</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> kaTedris am saxeliT daarseba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> 1918 wlidan, sabWour xanaSi am saxeliTve am kaTedris aRdgena</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s 1993 wels</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> job</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">da qa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">lduri</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> lursmnuli</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> damwerlob</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a da kultur</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> swavleb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">istoriisa da enaTmecnierebis g</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">anyofileb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aze.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qaldebs asurelebTan,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">xeTebs</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> g</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">imeTeleb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">an//misrelebTan//</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Zvel</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">egviptelebTan mouxdaT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">didi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">brZol</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> samSoblos dasacavad. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">“</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">xeTis mefe usayvedurebdao </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">faraos//</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">faraons</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">( zog xelnawerSi m. janaSvili “faraons” wers, zogSi-“farao”-s; sworia “farao” </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mizris//misreTis</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ieroglifuri damwerlobiT arsebuli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">masalis</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gaTvaliswinebiT)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> imis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gamo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, rom mis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mi miweril </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tixis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">filaze</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">//tufze</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> faraos Tavisi saxeli xeTas mefis saxelis win daeso da Tavazianobis darRvevad miaCnda xeTas xseneba ara egviptis xsenebis win, aramed,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Semdgom.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">rusi moxeleebi da mkvlevarebi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sxvebze </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">uaresad </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">“</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">epyrobodnen dRevandel mcire qarTvelobas, swamebdnen uniWobas, xSirad dacinviT ixsen</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ebdnen mis `siyv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">rulis enas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ac.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mxolod amisTana ugul</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">v</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">elyofiT qarTvelur</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> enisa unda aixsn</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s is garemoeba, rom evropielebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s TviT udides mkvlevarTa ufros </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">erTi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(erTze meti)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> krints ara sZravs qarTvelobis Sesaxeb, rodesac dasvams kiTxvas, vin SeiZleba yofiliyo is eri,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> romelic iTvleba Semoqmeda</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> kreta-mikenis kulturisa, vin iyvnen da ra enaze laparakobdnen is xeTebi, romel</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">n</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ic ebrZod</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">nen</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mZlavr egviptes, rogorc swori swors, vin unda yofiliyo xeTazed ara nakleb gamoCenili qaldi, romlis enis sityvebia sumer (=Su mere</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">=</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Sua mere</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> anu Sua qveyana</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">), naRarain</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">( sarwyavi arxebiT//RarebiT naRari//</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">daRaruli qveyana)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da akkadi (aR-kadi).</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> SumerT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">4000 wlebSi kidec moigones wera</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">–</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">maTebu</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">r</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Calibri'"><font size="3">S’</font></span><span style="font-family:'Calibri'"><font size="3">ar</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> es </font></span><span style="font-family:'Calibri'"><font size="3">S’</font></span><span style="font-family:'Calibri'"><font size="3">ar</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> unda iyos igive qarTveluri </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">War</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> (wera).</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">am sumerul (Sua merul) enas ekava igeTive adgili, viT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gviane</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">biT,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> laTinur enas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">evropaSi, magram im gansxvavebiT, rom sumerul</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> SuamdinareSi gavlenis JamierobiTa da, sazogadod, xangrZlivobiT kidec sWarbobda laTinuris xangrZlivobas evropaSi.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aseTi iyo es s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">umeruli sakacobrio ena, magram r</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">axan TviT etimologia sityvisa sumer = Suamere qarTulia da raxan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ioseb flabiosi ambobs: `Tobelisagan warmoiSvnen Tobelni, romelnic Cven dros iwodeb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">n iverebad,~ unda vifiqroT, rom </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">im `erT ena-bageSi~ SeuZlebeli iyo ar </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">g</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">areuliyo iverTa xmebic, romelnic aRniSnavdnen mzes, mTvares, RmerTs</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, Tvlas da sxvaTa, da romelic maSin iyo sumeruli da, rogorc ageTi, - sakacobrio ena-bagec, da raxan sumerebis pirdapiri memkvidreni iyvnen qaldni, CveniT – qarTni (qarTvelni), amitom srul</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ad ar gvikvirs, rodesac mkvlevarni sweren: `xal</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">uri mecniereba </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">savsebiT </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">i</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">sesxe</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">s</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> asurelebm</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qaldni arian</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">igive</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ur</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qaldni</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> (</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">dabad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. 11-28). `</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ur</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">~ = </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTveli</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">:</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">urac</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">=</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vrac</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> (</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTveli</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">), </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">urastan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">=</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vrastan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> (</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saqarTvelo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">), </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">virq</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> (=</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">urq</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">) – </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTvelni</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ivirq</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> (</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">igive</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iveria</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">). </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ad:</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">uria=svan.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">viria. azna-ur=sv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">an</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">zna-vir. mind-uri=mind-ori=mind-ver (svan). ur=or-vir=ver-svan:</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ver anu gim </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aris </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">miwa. S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ead. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">‘ver’ sityvaSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">tver, tveri, mtveri</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ese igi miwiani</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iori=iuri-iviri=iveri. naT. iveris=iuris-ivris-xeoba. vera=vere anu ur-a=or=e. wm. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">n</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">inos cx. 15: or-banTa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">=ur-bniTad=or-bniTad=ur-bnisad.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">h u r i. `javaxos aRaSena wunda da artani, romelsa maSin erqua qajTa</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qalaqi, xolo a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">w</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> hrqvian huri (q. cx. 20)~. kidev saxelebi sofelTa: ur, ura-veli, uravi, ur-Zuma, ur-jvari, uriaT-ubani, ur-sauri, urT-xva, urTa (mTaa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> [sofel]</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> xeTas da caiss Soris). </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Huri</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">stani=hurastani</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">=vrastani (saqarTvelo), ixileT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m. janaSvilis am xelnaweris </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gv. im. agreTve </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qveTavi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">VIII xald=qalT=qarT da gv. iT, SeniS</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">nv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tavi 2</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-is saTauria</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">winaswari cnobebi qaldur</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">lursmul </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">ZeglweraTa </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">Sesaxeb</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m. janaSvili wers: </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">piradad Cven ar </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gvakmayofilebda Cven-mier dabeWdili wignebi da ukamyofilebis umTavresi mizezi-ki is iyo, rom wyaroebis uqonlobis gamo qarTveli eris istoriis Zveli xana bundad iyo warmodgenili da zRapars ufro hgavda, vidre istorias. am xanas Sesaxeb erovnuli matiane `qarTlis cxovreba~, romliTac vsargeblobT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, iZleva aseT cnobebs: qarTvelTa winaprebi movidneno </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">CrdiloeTSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">babilonidan, mere damyarda mamasaxl</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">isoba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da Se</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">deg mefoba mcxeTaSi. amis mets ara</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> iuwyeba matiane qarTveli eris cxovrebis Sesaxeb im uamrav saukuneebidan, romelTac gavles pirvel </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">q</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">arTvel </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tobelidam</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">//Tovelidam( rac Senaxulia saxelSi ‘saqar-Toveli’ m.janaSvilis azriT)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> vidre azomde. xarvezi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">friad didia (To</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">b</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Zv.w. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">3242 wels</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">azo</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Zvw. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">324 wlidan!) da es xarvezi ver amoivseba raRac oriode cnobiT matianisa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. am yofaSi Cven mivediT im dask</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vnamde, rom Zveli drois Sesaswavlad saWiroa Segneba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, gaTvaliswineba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qarTveluri enis</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">kiloebis//saxeobebis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">monacemebisa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. es iyo mizezi, rom Cveni kvleva-Zieb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is obi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eqtad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Seiqmna qarTveluri ena. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">j</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">er</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">isev 18</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">9</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">5 wels</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sul viyaviT xe</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">dv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">amde, rom qarTveluri ena ariso qarTvelTa modgmis goneba, xolo </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">goneba-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">misi ena da istoria, rom qarTveluri</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> anu saerToqarTveluri</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ena ariso is saTave, romlidanac modiano misi kiloebi – qarT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">l</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">u</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">r</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i, megrul-Wanuri, svanuri, ingilouri</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> (</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">hereTisa)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, xevsuruli</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da sxvani, da, maSasadame, unda yofiliyo dro, rodesac am </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saerTo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTvelur enaze metyvelebda mTeli q</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">rTveli modgma da miT gamosTqvamda T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vis Sexedulebas Tavis Tavsa, Tavis RmerT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sa Tu </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">bunebaze</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> sazogadod. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">jer kidev 1899 wels berlineli profesori lemani Camovida tfilisSi da aqedan wavida vans</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> (amJamad TurqeTis respublikis SemadgenlobaSia is Zveli qalaqi vani n.f.)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qaldur warweraTa gad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">asaReba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d fotografiulad. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Sroma</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Seasrula</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a dabrunda</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> tfilisSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. me vaswavlidi mas qarTul enas usas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">yidl</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">od da manac aRm</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tqva – usas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">yid</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">lod madlobiT gamogigzavnio Cems wigns qaldur warwereb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ze</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> rom davbeWdavo. dabeWda 1900 wels. depeSiTac vTxove, xma ar gamca da dResac misi wigni ar maqvs</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Semd</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gomSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> muzeumSi vna</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">x</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is naSromi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Sio </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">CitaZesTan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> misgan gadmomiTargmna</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> sityvebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">: `1899 wel</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, zafxu</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">l</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Si, Tavazian </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">daxmarebas miwevda m. janaSvili</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Cems cdaSi Semegno qarTuli enis dasabami cnobebi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">janaSvilma, romelsac Tavis eris enisa da istoriis winaSe didi damsaxureba miuZRvis, gamosTqva is azri, rom qsenofontes karduxebi qarTvelebis winaprebad unda vaRiaroT.~ Cven</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> j</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> dResac imave azrisa varT, ro</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">melzed</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ac viyaviT</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">1899 wels. karduxebs erqvaT agreTve kardu, romelic unda iyos igive </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">q</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">arTu=qalTu=qalT=qarT (svan. qarT., qarT. qarTli=qarTi=qarT-ari).</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">” erTi qveTavia </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">Sedgeniloba sity</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">v</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">isa</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">qald=xald=qalT=qarT.</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gv. IX: `</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">am striqonebis damwers SeZleba hqonda savsebiT darwmunebuliyo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, rom ena qaldur lursmur </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Zeglwerisa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">~</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aris Zveli qarTuli.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Semdeg</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Si</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qalduri </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">te</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qstebis wakiTxva(</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sul</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">20 Zeglwer</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">isa)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> sruliad davamTavre da es saqme vauwye</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qarTvel sazogadoebas gavrcelebul gazeT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">“komunistis”</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(1924, #4) saSualebiT. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">warwerebis wakiTxva damTavrda da saWirod davinaxeT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">misTvis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">dagvewera</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> zogi ram gramatikuli formebi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saerTo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTvelur-qaldur-sumeruli. agreTve, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">cnobebi Sesaxeb qarTvel modgmisa, maT Tvis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ebis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a da RmerTebisa da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">daskvna</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, rom </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="3">qarTvelni arian igive qaldni</font></b></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="3">//</font></b></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="3"> sumer</font></b></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="3">ni</font></b></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="3">. </font></b></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qveTavSi 3.10 saTauria `zogi ram qarTvelur gramatikidan da winapar</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Ta</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> saxelebis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Sesaxeb.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gv. 15-dan iwyeba Tavi 4. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gv. 18:</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> CrdiloeTi kavkasia SeerTebuli iyo To</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">b</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">elebis qveyanasTan. eg</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tive kavSiri unda hqoneboda</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tavridas(</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">awindel yirims)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, vinaiTgan aqauri mTebi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">‘</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tavri</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">’</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> iyo gagrZeleba kavkasionisa da es ki</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Suamdinaris mTi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aneTi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, saxelad,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">‘</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tav</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">r</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">isa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">’</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. Tavridis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(yirimis)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Tavri da Suamdinaris Tavri modis qarTuli sityvisgan Tavi, `Tauri.~</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m. janaSvilma ganixila qarTuli damwerlobis gamaumjobesebeli farnavaz mefis saxelis Sinaarsi; daeTanxma ‘qarTlis cxovrebis’ miTiTebas, rom farnavazma Tavisi Zegli dadga mTaze da uwoda Tavisi saxeli ‘armaz’, rac niSnavso ‘mzes’. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. janaSvilis zemoxsenebuli xelnaweris meTvramete gverdze weria</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">: amisTana cnobebis Semdeg,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> safiqrebelia erTi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">STamomavlobisa iyos </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sityv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> maziesi (mazisi) – fazisi (bJa=bza=mze) da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">rom sityva </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">fazia – fazianadan gakeTebul iyos </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">axelwodeba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> kontinentisa </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">‘</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">azia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">’</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, mniSvnelobiT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">“</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aRmosavleTi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T, viT dResac svanurSia le-Ja=m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">egrulad </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> bJaiole-sazeo, mziuri, samzeo (le-Ja)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, ese igi, mzis aRmosavleT mxaresTan mWidrod dakavSirebuli cneba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Sumeris, akkadis, qaldes samefos kulturis ganxilvisadmi miZRvnilia mose jana</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vilis arqivis aTasobiT gverdiani sayuradRebo masala. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aucilebelia misi .sumeruli’, mitanuri’, qarTlur-megrul-svanuri, SoTa rusTaveliseuli masalis, petriwis masalis sityvaTa ganmartebebis-leqsikonebis gamoqveyneba didi raodenobiT da xelmisawvdom fasad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">istoriis saxelmZRvaneloSi CabeWda, rom vaxtang gorga-sar-s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">( anu gorgebis//georgebis sars//mefes n.f.)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> parsaias</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">//sparseTis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mefem uTxra: jaziris( arabulad SuamdinareTia) naxevari ZvelTaganve m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ama-papaTa SenTa kuTvniliao. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vagrZeleb mis arqivze muSaobas.</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">L</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">l</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iteratura</font></span></p><ol type="1"><li style=" text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">janaSvili mose. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saqarTvelos istoria. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">t</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">filisi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Sroma. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">1906</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">H</font></span></li><li style=" text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Kulla(pronounced koola)</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> in Garynde, J.F. Sumerian God of Bricks. 1989.</font></span></li><li style=" text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Herbert van Soldt</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. A note on </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">O</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">ld Babylonian lu ittum. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">Zeitschrift fur Assyriologie</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">.</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Bd.82. #1. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">1992 </font></span></li><li style=" text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m. janaSvilis</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">arqivi.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saqarTvelos xelnawerTa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> centri</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aqme #149</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> 1929w.</font></span></li></ol><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:right"><span style="font-family:'Calibri'"><font size="3">7</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Calibri'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p></div><br>NATELA POPKHADZEhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13568269499155042696noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1993044457595238899.post-40082908553514538322009-07-29T10:46:00.001-07:002009-07-29T10:46:59.172-07:00onomastInglisurr22 (2)<div class="Section1"><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">NATELA </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">B. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">POPKHADZE. REPUBLIC OF GEORGIA. TBILISI</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">God of </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">architecture </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Kola and the toponyms Kola, Kolkheti according to texts written in Cuneiform script</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Mose Janashvili published that the word kola</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">(</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">koli</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> kn</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">o</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">wn in the dialect of the Kartvelians living in Hereti area near the Caspian lake//”sea”</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">denoting the agricultural term</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> kvali-an imprint made </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">by a cart or an agricultural instrument during agricultural work in the field</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">) is the basis for the name Kolkheti//Col</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">c</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">his</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> and a synonym of </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">the word </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Georgia</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, Georgians</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">-the country </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">and the ethnicity </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">of the inventors of agriculture</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> called Kartvelebi in their language</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> as well</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">I agree. Besides</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> that meaning of the word kola, another meaning is known. G</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">od Kola(</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Kulla) of bricks and the building activity is known from cuneiform texts.In</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> in</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">cantat</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">ions against that god he is</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> scold</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">ed and told harsh</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">ly</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">to go out of the house built recently and never return. That was done to ensure the stability of the building so that it would not need a repair, rebuilding, that it would not collapse. M</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">.</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> Janashvili dedicated half of a century to learning </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">and deciphering </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">the Chal</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">d</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">ean inscriptions and literature</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> made in II-I millennia BCE</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">In his archive at the National Centre of Manuscripts in Tbilisi there are over twenty </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">manuscripts </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">written as handbooks in Kartvelian(</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Kartveluri) history starting from the data of the cuneiform inscriptions.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Topics dealt in these are: the dawn of the Georgian//Kartvelian civilization; the Chaldean-Kartvelian identity; two Caucasias: one at the western-, another at the eastern shore of the Caspian lake( “the Caspian//Gurganian//Georgian//Kartvelian sea”)</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. He praised the activity of</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> the Great king Ae</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">t</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> called</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> Aieti in the local language). He discussed</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">the activity of </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">King Parnavaz</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> and</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> the meaning of the word ‘vaz’//’baz’ in the name Parnavaz//Pharnabazus; king Azo’s relations arrival to Mtskheta from Sagartia//Sakartia( the Eastern Sakartvelo at the Eastern Caspian area); the history of the decipherment of cuneiform inscriptions; cooperation of Janashvili with Erkert and Lehman-Haupt; the decipherment of 20 cuneiform inscriptions of kings of Urarti//Urartu by M. Janashvili; Janashvili’s “Sumerian Lexicon” and “Lexicon of Mittannian words”; necessity of including material from the Kartvelian language variants ( Svanian, Margalian//Megrelian etc.) in cuneiform studies. There are many other manuscripts of M. Janashvili in this archive that treat these topics. The aforementioned manuscripts are written in 1919-1927. By the term ‘Kartveluri’ the author means all branches //variants of the language spoken and/or written by ethnic Kartvels from remotest days to modern times. He includes in this group the Chaldean of the Urartians, that he seems to have mastered better than the Sumerian </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">and</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> Mitannian. M. Janashvili treats meticulously the etymology of the regional names of the Kartveli nation: the Meskhi//Moskhi, the Colchi//Kolkhi etc. His treatment of the etymology of the term ‘Iveria’ is very important. M. Janashvili informs readers that </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">‘ver’-</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">the Svanian word for ‘land’ is included in the term ‘Iveria’( i.e. one of the names for Sakartvelo//Georgia). </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Being unaware of M. Janashvili’s activity in cuneiform studies, other</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> scientists</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> are </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">unable to use them and are </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">hampered</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> in their studies</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">I have investigated, read twelve manuscripts in M. Janashvili’s archive. One contains some 657 leaves, the number of pages in it is almost twice as much. Reading of this archive needs at least the basic knowledge of the history of the decipherment of the cuneiform Sumerian, Chaldean, Akkadian, Luvian texts, good knowledge of the modern Kartuli language and of the basic linguistic and historical-archaeological terms in English, French, German, Russian, Kartvelian. By the term ‘Dzveli Kartuli ena da literatura’ scientists have </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">called and </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">treated M. Janashvili’s investigations concerning the period beginning from the fifth c. CE. The vast science literature in this archive concerning the ‘Uudzvelesi periodis Kartveluri ena da literatura’, i.e. ‘the Remotest Ancient Kartvelian Language and literature’ as he called it- starting from 3400 BCE, has not been investigated at all to this day</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> by readers</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. That is the reason that even persons teaching ancient languages( Sumerian, Akkadian, Chaldean//Urartian) </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">in Tbilisi </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">are unaware that M. Janashvili thoroughly investigated many topics in these fields, compiled dictionaries in these languages. This is my first report on the role of Mose Janashvili in the promotion of the Cuneiform Sumerian, Akkadian, Urartian studies. The material in his archive is ample and I intend to go on investigating it and promoting M. Janashvili’s role and achievements in this field of science. </font></span></p></div><br>NATELA POPKHADZEhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13568269499155042696noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1993044457595238899.post-90695243175820396562009-07-13T09:11:00.001-07:002009-07-13T09:11:52.876-07:00xelnaweribolo2<div class="Section1"><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">n</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aTela fofxaZe. saqarTvelo. Tbilisi</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">uZvelesi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTuli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">literatura</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">erTi gamouqveynebeli qarTuli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">wignis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">xelnaweris gaTvaliswinebiT</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTul kulturaze msjelobisas aucilebelia emegir//emegiruli eniTa da damwerlobiT moRweuli aTasobiT warweris, teqstis gaTvaliswineba. </font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">es moiTxovs saqarTvelos respublikaSi mecnierebis am ganxris </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTvel </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">moRvaweTa </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saTanadod </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aRzrdas, swavlebas, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">maTTvis swavlisa da Sromis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saukeTeso pirobebis Seqmnas, waxalisebas,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">dawinaurebas.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">emegir//emegiruls Zv.w. III aTaswleulidanve uwodebdnen im damwerlobas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a da masze Seqmnil literaturas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, romelsac 1700 wels londonelma mkvlevarma Tomas haidma nebismierad uwoda kuneiform damwerloba. rusul enaze es sityva iTargmna klinopis-ad, qarTulze</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, rusulis mibaZviT, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-solisebur an lursmanis</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">msgavs//lursm</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">n</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ur//lursmnul damwerlobad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">megiruli damwerloba </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">da ena </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vinc ar icis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> kargad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, is tuf-sarad ver CaiTvleba-miiCneva im nawerSi, romelic emegiruli damwerlobiT iswavleboda e-tufa-Si Zv.w. III aTaswleulidan pirvel saukunemde mainc. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m Zvel enaze es ase JRerda: tuf-sar emegir nu-mun-co-a </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">anam nam-tufsarram</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">t</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ufi ewodeboda Tixis filas, razec wkiriT Wridnen sityvebs. sar udrida xelmZRvanels, mefes. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aTaswleulTa semdeg s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ityva sar isesxes sklavebma da car-ad aqcies. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">klavi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ellinuri sityvaa da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">niSnav</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> monas, sklavebi-monebs. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">so ‘v’-s usafuZvlod amogdebiT miRebulia sityva slavi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">wored amgvaradve, sityva okraina-Si, rac </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ganapira, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">kidura mxares niSnavs, pirveli asos SecvliT SemoRebulia sityva ukraina da saxelmwifos saxelad aris qceuli</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> XX saukunidan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">emegiruli</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> literaturis uZveles nimuSebs londonelma mkvlevarebma XIXsaukuneSi uwodes </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">qaldeian</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">(qald</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">e qveynisa</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">). </font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">XIX saukuneSive parizelma mkvlevarma Jiul oppertma</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">qaldeian </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">daiwuna da jer </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">akkadian</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(aqaduri), Semdeg ki </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">sumerian</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">( sumeruli) uwoda. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">r</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">amdenime saxelmwifos muzeumebSi da gamofenebze nivTebze warwerebi Seacvlevina </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">qaldeian</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-is nacvlad </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">sumerian</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-iT. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m Zveli damwerlobiT aRbeWdili masalis Targmnisas </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">inglisur, frangul da sxva amJamindel enebze, dedanSi arsebul saxelmwifoTa saxelebs: kola, kola-ba, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qi enqi qi-uri//qveyana RvTaeba enqisa qveyana uri//qienqiqiuri( saidanac amohyavT saxeli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">engur</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aia, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">kardunia//qardunia </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Ca</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">anacvleben </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">xolme </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sxva </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sityvebiT: </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">sumer, akkad,</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">mesopotamia, fertail kreSent</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, rac dedanSi ar aris. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saxeli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">fertail kreSenT</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> nebismierad gamoigona mkvlevarma g. brestedma 1956 wels</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da ni</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Snavs</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">: uxvmosavliani naxevarmTvariseburi mxare. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aucilebelia dedanSi aRbeWdili sakuTari saxelebis ucvlelad gadatana sxva enebze Targmnisas, raTa ar miiCqmalos am saxeliT moxseniebuli eris wvlili mis kulturaSi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTvel</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i adamianebidan bolo saukuneebSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> miviwyebuli emegiruli//qalduri damwerlobiT pirvelad italieli mogzauri didebulis, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">p</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">atricio dela vales meuRle, qarTveli Tina dainteresda</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.. i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s aTi wlisac ar iyo, rodesac </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aqarTvelodan gaitaces ucxoelebma da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">stambolis bazarze iyida aRsazrdelad dela vales pirvelma meuRlem, romelic SemdgomSi gardaicvala. Tinam</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> miawoda gzaze dagdebuli warweriani qva da daavala patricios did qalaqebSi waredgina mkvlevarebisaTvis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">naweris Sinaarsi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> misTvis ecnobebina</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. amiT daiwyo am damwerlobis kvleva</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da miviwyebuli damwerlobis gacocxleba, aRorZineba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">amJamad am Zvel enaze orasze meti mkvlevari metyvelebs sxvadasxva qveyanaSi da mkvdari ena aRar unda ewodebodes-weria stiiv tinnis mier Sedgenili standartis teqstSi, romelic warudgina aSS-is standartebis gamcem dawesebulebas 1</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">996 wels. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">r mianiWes standarti. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">1800-ian wlebSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> am damwerlobiT dainteresdnen </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aRmosavleT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saqarTvelos mefe daviTi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> giorgi XIII-is ufrosi vaJi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da misi swavluli Zmebi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sini ruse</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is imperatorma o</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">j</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">axebianad da naTesavebianad iZulebiT gaasaxla samSoblodan da aukrZala dabruneba. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aixocnen ruseTSi da iq ganisveneben. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">daviT mef</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is davalebiT misma TanaSemwem </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">emegiruli damwerlobis kvlevis viTarebaze </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">xelnaweri wigni Seadgina, romelic ar gamoqveynebula</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> werilobiTi cnobiT, quTaisSi muzeumSi Tu arqivSi inaxeba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> daviT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mefe 1819, misi Zma Teimurazi 1849 wels gardaicvala </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ruseTSi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">1880-ian wlebSi ukve mravali amokiTxuli teqsti da maTi kvlevis Sedegi gamoqveynda ramdenime qveyanaSi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">am damwerlobis kvlevis miRwevebi ganixiles ilia WavWavaZem wignSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">qvaTa RaRadi</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, mose janaSvilma wignSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">saqarTvelos istoria</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">( gamoqveynda </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">1906 wels</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da ramdenime </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">issave xelnawer gamouqveynebel wignSi;</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mixeil TamaraSvilma romSi frangul enaze </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">dabeWdi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">l wignSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">l’eglis JorJien</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, romelic qarTul enaze iTargmna da daibeWda 1995 wels TbilisSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> as gverdze meti uZRvna emegiruli//lursmnuli damwerlobisa da literatur</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s kvlevis miRwevebs qarTul enasTan mimarTebiT;</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> niko marma rusulad Targmna qaldes mefis warwerebi, mixeil wereTelma</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">dargs miuZRvna </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gamokvlev</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">:</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">sumeruli da qarTuli</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">;</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">xeTa, </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">misi xalxi</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">,</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3"> kultura da istoria</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">;</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3"> gilgameSiani</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">am </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">miviwyebuli damwerlobi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s Seswavlas da kvlevas mose janaSvilma </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eqvsi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aTwleuli Sealia.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> am ganx</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">riT misi Rvawli mxolod xelnawerT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a centris arqivis furcleb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ze</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">asaxuli</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mcired a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">RibeWda</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> korneli kinwuraSvilis mier Sedgenil m. janaSvilis naSromebis krebulSi, romelsac </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">Jami fiqrisa da gansjisa</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ewodeba da axlaxan gamoqveynda. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. janaSvilis moRvaweobas mi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ZRvna ori samecniero sakvalifikacio naSromi xelnaweris uflebiT. erTis avtoria i. gofoZe, meorisa-m. genebaSvili. maT arc ki axsenes qalduri, xeTuri, sumeruli literatur</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s kvlevaSi misi Rwva da is, rom isini Zvel qarTul literaturad miiCnia da ganixila</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gamosaqveyneblad gamzadebul qarTul da rusul enovan </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ramdenime </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">wignSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">q. TbilisSi, xelnawerTa erovnul centrSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> janaSvilis fondSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">daculma </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">misma </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">erTma </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gamouqveynebelma xelnawerma wignma </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">#149, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gansakuTrebiT miipyro Cemi yuradReba.</font></span><span style="background-color:#00ff00; font-family:'AcadNusx'; vertical-align:super"><font size="1">1</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saTauria: `qalduri lursmuri teqstebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> TviT qaldebis istoria. saTauris qvemoT weria: `qarTveluri ena </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTvel</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> modgmis gonebaa, xolo goneba-misi enaa </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">da istoria</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. TariRad 1919 welia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, magram masze momdevno wlebSic</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">muSaobis kvali aisaxa minawerebSi.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> pirveli Tavis saTauria: Suamere</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">xaldidan (qaldidan) qarTlamde. xelnaweris pirve</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">live winadadebaSi axsnilia, rom</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qarTul enovan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Zveli istoriis Tanaxmad, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTvelebis uZvelesi samSoblo moicavs qveyana babilons</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ac</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">; </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Zv.w. 2700-ian wlebSi, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">cxoreba qarTvelTa</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3"> da mefeTa</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">maTTa</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-s teqstis Tanaxmad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qarTvelebis nawili ganerida </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">omiT Sewuxebul mxares, oreTidan( ase iwodeba mesopotamia qarTulad) </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gadasaxlda </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ufro </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Crdil</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">oeT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> arsebul </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTul </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mxareSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mTa masissa da</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Ta ararats Soris mdebare </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vrcel </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">areze. warmoCenilia simarTle am or mTas Soris didi sivrcis arsebobaze da uaryofilia </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ucxotomeli</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mkvl</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">evarebis varaudi masis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-ad araratis mwvervalis miCnevis sakiTxze.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> masisi</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tavris mTianeTis Sua na</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">wilSia, ararati misgan didad daS</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">orebul mxareSia. Cemis mxriv davumateb, rom </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">mas</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-is m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a masu//maSu saxelwodebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ixsenieba </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qveyana </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">kolas mefis lugalbandas vaJis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mogzaurobis amsax</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">v</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">el teqstSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> lugalbandas Semdgom kola qveyanaSi gamef</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">da</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">misi vaJi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gmiri gilgameSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. oriveni werilobiT dadasturebuli mTamsvlelebi//alpinistebi arian da koladan imogzaures CrdiloeTiT mdebare maRalmTianeTSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, sadac </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gilgameSianis teqstis Tanaxmad, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">maSus mTasTan saRamos brundeboda dedamisis saxlSi utu</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(mze RmerTi)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. qaldeur//qarTuli mTamsvlelobis dasawyisi maTgan unda aviTvaloT da ara XX saukunidan( rogorc dRes aRiarebulia cnobarebSi). </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">lugalbanda</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gamefebamde ewvia maSus mTas. i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qve dasustda avadmyofobis gamo.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> aRar sunTqavda. Tanmxlebma Svid</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ma vaJkacma, romelic Zmebad ixseniebian, mwuxarebiT miatoves gamoqvabul</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Si</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, Rvino, ludi, namcxvrebi, cximi da sxva saWmeli dautoves da wavidnen maRalmTaSi im imediT, rom dabrunebisas an janmrTeli SeeyrebodaT, an mkvdars waasvenebdnen TavianT Soreul dedaqalaqSi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sayuradReboa, rom iqve dasaflaveba dauSveblad miiCnies im Soreul droSi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">l</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ugalbanda utus</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(mzis), mTvaris</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">( nanas)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da saRamos varskvlavis sinaTlem moasuliera, simSvide mihgvara, moaZliera. maTze iloca da SesTxova Svela. maT Seismines Txovna da mSvidi Zili miuRvares. gaRviZebisas aRaraferi stkioda. gadarCa da dabrunda sxvebTan erTad. misi SemdgomSi gamefebuli vaJi gilgameSic aqeT, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">CrdiloeTiT, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">maSus mTisaken gamoeSura </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ukvdavebis saSulebis mosapoveblad da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sagmiro saqmiT saxelis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mosaxveWad. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">axalqarTul enaze gilgameSis ambavi anu gilgameSiani emegiruli//lursmnuli teqstidan </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">germanul enovani Targmanis gaTvaliswinebiT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Targmna mixeil wereTelma da 1924 wels konstantinepolis qarTvel kaTolikeTa savaneSi arsebul stambaSi dabeWda. imJamad es Zvirfasi nawarmoebi mxolod inglisur, frangul </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">da germanul enaze iyo Targmnili da</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gamoqveynebuli. italiur, rusul da sxva enebze </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gilgameSiani </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mxolod </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTuli Targmanis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gamoqveynebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">dan karga xnis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Semdgom iTargmna. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. janaSvilma mas-is mTad </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">‘Taur’-ad saxeldebuli qedis maRali mTa aRiara. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">lursmnuli emegiruli damwerlobiT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">maSu</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> niSnavs tyups//ors(tyup mTas) ( nino samsonia. sa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">xelmZRvanelo saleqcio teqstebi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">studentebisaTvis). gilgameSianSi aris qveTavi ‘gilgameSi da aratas mTianeTis batoni’. Earatas mTa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Tu ararats miv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iCnevT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, gamova, rom gilgameSis dros (Zv.w. 2700-ian wlebSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mis xelqveiT myof kolaelebs urTierToba hqoniaT araratis m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is maxlobel mosaxleobasTan. SesaZloa, rom man araratis orwvera//tyupmwvervaliani mTa dalaSqra. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">esame mosazrebad sazogadoebas vTavazob tyup maSu mTad gigiS mTis aRiarebas. gigiS amJamadac oficialurad ewodeba mTas, romelsac meorenairad ialbuzi//elbrusi ewodeba da saqarTvelos ekuTvnoda stalinisa da berias gardacvalebamde. oriod wlis Semdeg saqarTvelos waarTva n. xruSCovma da ruseTs miuerTa. skolaSi maswavlidnen saxelmZRvaneloebiT, rom ialbuzi saqarTvelos umaRlesi mwvervalia. gigiSis//ialbuzis mTasac ‘maSu</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">’ ewodeboda 1</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">980-ian wlebSi, rodesac zamTrobiTac, zafxulobiTac mis kalTebze TxilamurebiT vsrialebdi da iqve TveobiT visvenebdi.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. janaSvilma mTis saxeli “mas”-isi qarTvelTa erT-erT saxelwodebas(masxi//mes-xi)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da faz-s, fazianas, fazias da azias</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> daukavSira. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s mosazrebac safuZvlianad mimaCnia. manve vrclad imsjela cneba “kolx”-ze da sityva “kola”-s daukavSira. esec swori mosazrebaa. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m. janaSvilma ganmarta, rom qarTuli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">mere</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> niSnavs mxares, miwa-wyals, amitomaa, rom </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">axalqarTulSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">mere-</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Ti niSnavs qedis aqeT mdebare mxares, i-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">mere</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-Ti niSnavs qedis iqeT arsebul mxares. sityva </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mere-s am Sinaarsis Sesabamisad, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sityva </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">Sumeri</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aris igive ~Suamere.~ `Suamere~ </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ornawiliani sityvaa. pirvelia `Sua~ // SuaSi mdebare, meorea `mere~. `mere~ sarwyav miwas niSnavs. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTulSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">Su</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ixmareba </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">Sua</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-s Sesatyvisad, rac daasabuTa a. SaniZis mier mTaSi Cawerili </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">xalxuri </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">leqseb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iT. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m. janaSvili g</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">anmartavs</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, rom ucxoeli mkvlevarebic ki aRiareben, rom </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">x</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aldebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">//</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qaldebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> arian Zveli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">drois </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTvelebi da imowmebs maTive teqstebs</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. janaSvilma SeamCnia, rom efrem mcires xelnawerSi aRbeWdilia </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sityva </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">qalTveli. </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">qalTveli</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3"> qalde sityvidan qarTu-mde gardamaval safexurad mii</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">Cnia da </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">Tavis </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">sxva xelnawerebSic </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">xazgasmiT </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">axsena. </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">SemdgomSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qalTvelebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> iwodnen qarTvelebad. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">SevniSnav, rom uZvelesi lursmnuli//emegiruli teqstebis monacemebiT, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">pirvel</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saxelmwifo warmonaqmneb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i moicavdnen mdinare puranunu//evfratis xeobas da</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ewodebodaT kola(RvTaeba anqi//aia-s mier Tixisagan gamoZerwili mSeneblobis RvTaeba </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">kol</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">a</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-s saxelis mixedviT, Cemi mosazrebiT)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qveyana </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qienqi//qi-enqi( RvTaeba enqi-s </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">qi </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">anu </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">q</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">veyana), </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qveyana </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eri-du(eri=axalqarTuli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sityva </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">eri</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">/</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> niSnavs </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eTnos</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">nacia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">maT mier CrdiloeTiT mimdebare midamos SerwymiT Seiqmna gacilebiT vrceli saxelmwifo da ewoda </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTu//qardu//qarduniaS//qarTuniaS. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">qarTunia</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> saxeliT is cnobilia Zv.w. XV</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">II</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> saukunidan mis mefeTa mimoweraSi gimeTis faraoebTan. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">gimeT</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> aris nilosis auzSi mdebare qvemo saxelmwifos saxeli, romelsac aTaswleulebis Semdeg ewoda egviptax(</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">ptax</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">isi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> RvTaebis saxeli iyo). </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">gime</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> niSnavs qvemo-s margaluradac//megruladac. es amixsna statistikosma, Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis docentma</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> rezo saliam. madlobas movaxseneb. Zvel egviptesTan//gimeTTan</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTvelebis urTierToba, dinastiuri qorwinebebi Zv.w. II aTaswleulSi, qarTvelTa RvTaeba aTena-s//mzis aqauri mefis asulebis mier faraoebze sxvadasxva dros gaTxovebis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Sedegad </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gavrceleba </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gimeTSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saguldagulod ikvlia m. janaSvilma. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">megiruli//lursmnuri damwerlobiT aRbeWdili teqstebidan Targmna miTanis mefe tuS-ratis werilebi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Zv. w. XIIII saukuneSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gimeT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is faraosadmi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. janaSvilma icoda aqauri mefis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">asulebis, faraoebze gaTxovilebis saxelebi:</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gilu-xifa, TaTu-xifa. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">avumateb, rom TaTu dabadebisas </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">erqmeuli saxelia miTanis mefe Tu</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-ratis asulisa, romelic 13 wlisa gaaTxoves faraoze da 356-qaliani amali</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gaistumres nilosis auzSi mdebare saxelmwifoSi, romelsac lursmnuri da ieroglifuri damwerlobiT imJamad ewodeboda mizra//misra//nizra. imJamindeli viTarebis ganxilvisas sasurvelia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> is qveyana</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> imJamindeli saxeliT(mizra) movixsenioT. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">TaTus//nefertitis erTi asuli moaTxoves qarduniaS qveynis//saqarTvelos mefes da dedaqalaq kalxu-Si cxovrobda. amJamad mas qalaqi nimrodi ewodeba da saqarTvelos respublikis samxreTiT mdebareobs. gansakuTrebiT sayuradReboa, rom </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. janaSvilma gamokveTa sakiTxi asureTis saxelmwifos </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gvian Seqmnaze</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-Tanac, sxva eris miwa-wyalze</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">asureTis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">danaSaulze:</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qaldes </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qveynis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">tac</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ebaze, qaldebis//qarTvelebis Jletasa da maTi qonebis, kulturis mi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tvis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ebaze. qveyana </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">asur</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3"> ZirZvel qaldur miwaze daarsda Zv.w. meTo</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">rm</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">ete saukuneSi, ubedureba moutana ZirZvel mosaxleobas, amdenad, qaldebis damwerlobis, literaturis, kulturis kvlevis dargis saxeldeba asurologiad//asurTmcodneobad umar</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">T</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">ebulo da usamarTloa. </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ATbilisis universitetSi asiriologiis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">//asurologiis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> kaTedris am saxeliT daarseba 1918 wlidan, sabWour xanaSi am saxeliTve am kaTedris aRdgena umarTebulo iyo. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">u</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">job</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">esi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> iqneboda qa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">lduri//emegiruli damwerlob</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a da kultur</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> swavleb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a TviT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qarTuli enis, istoriisa da kulturis Seswavlisas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> saTanado ganyofilebebze,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qaldebs asurelebTan,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">xeTebs</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> g</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">imeTeleb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">an//misrelebTan//</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">egviptelebTan mouxdaT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">didi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">brZol</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> samSoblos dasacavad. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">“</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">xeTis mefe usayvedurebdao </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">faraos//</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">faraons</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">( zog xelnawerSi m. janaSvili “faraons” wers, zogSi-“farao”-s; sworia “farao” </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mizris//misreTis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> masalis gaTvaliswinebiT)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> imis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gamo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, rom mis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mi miweril </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tixis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">filaze faraos Tavisi saxeli xeTas mefis saxelis win daeso da Tavazianobis darRvevad miaCnda xeTas xseneba ara egviptis xsenebis win, aramed,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Semdgom.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> m. janaSvili mkiTxvelebs amcnobs, rom rodesac oqsfordis universitetis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">profesorma a. g. saisma aRmoaCina, Tu ra diadi saqmianoba hqonda</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gaCaRebuli xeTebs, sxva mkvlevarebma gakicxes da ararsebuli warsulis mTxzveli, `fantaziori~//mefantazie uwodes.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">usamarTlo kiJinam a.s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ai</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ss guli ver gautexa; ganagrZo kvleva da aTi wlis Semdeg (1888w.) gamo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qveyna Tavisi ufro dasabuTebuli naSromi. is rusul enaze Targmna</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> butovskim. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m. janaSvil</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ma</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> safuZvlianad ikvlia petriwi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">naSromebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Seadgina </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">petriwis leqsikoni</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ratomR</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ac gamouqveynebelia.M</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">j</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">anaSvilis sityviT, imperiis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">droindeli rusi moxeleebi da mkvlevarebi, `mecnierebi~ </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sxvebze </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">uaresad epyrobodnen dRevandel mcire qarTvelobas, swamebdnen uniWobas, xSirad dacinviT ixsen</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ebdnen mis `siyv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">rulis enasac~ (zisserman. `</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Дв</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">а</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">д</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">цат</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> let</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">на</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Кавказе</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">~, t. 1. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">g</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">v. 1).</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mxolod amisTana ugul</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">v</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">elyofiT qarTvelur</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> enisa unda aixsn</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s is garemoeba, rom evropielebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s TviT udides mkvlevarTa ufros </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">erTi krints ara sZravs qarTvelobis Sesaxeb, rodesac dasvams kiTxvas, vin SeiZleba yofiliyo is eri,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> romelic iTvleba Semoqmeda</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> kreta-mikenis kulturisa, vin iyvnen da ra enaze laparakobdnen is xeTebi, romel</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">n</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ic ebrZod</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">nen</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mZlavr egviptes, rogorc swori swors, vin unda yofiliyo xeTazed ara nakleb gamoCenili qaldi, romlis enis sityvebia sumer (=Su mere</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">=</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Sua mere), naRarain</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">( sarwyavi arxebiT daRaruli qveyana)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da akkadi (aR-kadi).</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">maT r</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">o</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m ar awuxebdeT Tavi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">anT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i `arieloba,~ qarTvelur ersac mowyaled gadmoxedavdnen da gaigebdnen Semdegs:</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTvelTa winapari iyo Tobeli = Tubal-kaini (dab. 4-22), Zma noesi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da warRvnis (3242w.) Semdeg igi da misi Zmiswulebi Tobel II, mosxi (mesxi), xiTi da sxvani cxovrobdnen imave Sennar-naRar</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ai</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">n-aRkadSi, ese igi, Suameres, da vidre nebr</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">o</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tis gamoCenamde am Suamere</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i yvela</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> maSindeli xalxosnobis ena iyoo mxolod Suameruli anu `sumeruli~. biblia (T.11-1) ambobs: `iyo yoveli queyana ena erT da xmai erT yovelTa~, `naTesavi erT da bage (</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Napi</font></span><span style="background-color:#00ff00; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">r</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">uc</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">) erT yovelTa~ (11-</font></span><span style="background-color:#00ff00; font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">6</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">).</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">maSasadame, davaskvniT Cven, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">maSin </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">jer saerTod </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">ar unda yofiliyo arc ena iafetisa, arc bage semisa, arc metyveleba qamisa, </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aramed </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iyo </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">erTi sazogado ena, yvelasaTvis erTi gasagebi bage. romelze</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">c</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> saubrobda </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">im </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mxaris mosaxleoba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> TviT adams moRmarT nebroTamde da es ena-bage unda yofiliyo sumeruli (Suameruli).</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">am SumerT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">4000 wlebSi kidec moigones wera</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">–maTebu</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">r</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ad </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">S’a</font></span><span style="background-color:#00ff00; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">r</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> (</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ixileT v.Sileiko. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Вотывния</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">надписи</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">шумерийских</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">правител</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="background-color:#00ff00; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">й</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(1915 w. XXXIII); </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m. nikolski. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Древности</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Восточныя</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> (t. 3. nak. II, gv. 1). es </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">S’a</font></span><span style="background-color:#00ff00; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">r</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> unda iyos igive qarTveluri </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">War</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> (wera).</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">am sumerul (Sua merul) enas ekava igeTive adgili, viT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gviane</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">biT,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> laTinur enas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">evropaSi, magram im gansxvavebiT, rom sumerul SuamdinareSi gavlenis JamierobiTa da, sazogadod, xangrZlivobiT kidec sWarbobda laTinuris xangrZlivobas evropaSi.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Cven mivaxwevT~, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">am</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">bobs deliCi, `im pra-indiur-evropul da ara semiur er sumeramde, romelic moivlina Semoqmedad babilonis kulturisa~ (fr. deliCi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Библия и Вавилон.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. 16: </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">К. </font></span><span style="background-color:#00ff00; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Бецо</font></span><span style="background-color:#00ff00; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">l</font></span><span style="background-color:#00ff00; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">д</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> „Ассирия и </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Vavilon</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">”</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. 13).</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> v</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">inkle</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">r</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> (</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Вавилон, его история и культур</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">~, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. 18).</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">`msgavsad </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">laTinur enisa romaul kaTolike eklesiis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> saWiroebisaTvis, sumeruli SuamereSi daSTa enad mecnierebisa da kultisa... sumeruli unda miviCnioT enad babilonis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> im binadar</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mosaxleobisa, romelic aq cxovrobda semitebis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">( bibliuri semis STamomavlebis)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mosvlamde.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> maSasadame, sumerebi warmoadge</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">nen im Suaguls, romelSic ganviTarda babilonis kultura da aRizarda misi umTavresi mxare – lursmuri wera</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, romelic Seiqmna sityvaTa da azrTa gadasacem-gadmosacem saxsarad.~</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">kad. t</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">uraevi (`</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Классический</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Восток</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">~, 1914, 161): `ukvdavi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">dideba moipoves sumerebma weris </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ga</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mogonebiT. maTi wera gavrcelda wina-aziaSi da Seiqmna iaraRad babilonis kulturisa umetes 2 </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'; vertical-align:super"><font size="1">1</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">/</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'; vertical-align:sub"><font size="1">2 </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aTaseul wleb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sa.~</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aseTi iyo es s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">umeruli sakacobrio ena, magram r</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">axan TviT etimologia sityvisa sumer = Suamere qarTulia da raxan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ioseb flabiosi ambobs: `Tobelisagan warmoiSvnen Tobelni, romelnic Cven dros iwodeb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">n iverebad,~ unda vifiqroT, rom </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">im `erT ena-bageSi~ SeuZlebeli iyo ar </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">g</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">areuliyo iverTa xmebic, romelnic aRniSnavdnen mzes, mTvares, RmerTs</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, Tvlas da sxvaTa, da romelic maSin iyo sumeruli da, rogorc ageTi, - sakacobrio ena-bagec, da raxan sumerebis pirdapiri memkvidreni iyvnen qaldni, CveniT – qarTni (qarTvelni), amitom srul</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ad ar gvikvirs, rodesac mkvlevarni </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sweren: `xal</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">uri mecniereba </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">savsebiT </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">i</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">sesxe</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">s</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> asurelebm</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> (v. a. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">zaicev. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Руководство Всемирной истории. Древная история Востока.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> 187</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">9</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. 195).</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qaldni arian</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">igive</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ur</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qaldni</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> (</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">dabad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. 11-28). `</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ur</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">~ = </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTveli</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">:</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">urac</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">=</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vrac</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> (</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTveli</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">), </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">urastan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">=</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vrastan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> (</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saqarTvelo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">), </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">virq</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> (=</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">urq</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">) – </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTvelni</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ivirq</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> (</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">igive</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iveria</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">). </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ad:</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">uria=svan.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">viria. azna-ur=sv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">an</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">zna-vir. mind-uri=mind-ori=mind-ver (svan). ur=or-vir=ver-svan:</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ver anu gim </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aris </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">miwa. S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ead. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">‘ver’ sityvaSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">tver, tveri, mtveri</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ese igi miwiani</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iori=iuri-iviri=iveri. naT. iveris=iuris-ivris-xeoba. vera=vere anu ur-a=or=e. wm. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">n</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">inos cx. 15: or-banTa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">=ur-bniTad=or-bniTad=ur-bnisad.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">h u r i. `javaxos aRaSena wunda da artani, romelsa maSin erqua qajTa</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qalaqi, xolo a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">w</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> hrqvian huri (q. cx. 20)~. kidev saxelebi sofelTa: ur, ura-veli, uravi, ur-Zuma, ur-jvari, uriaT-ubani, ur-sauri, urT-xva, urTa (mTaa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> [sofel]</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> xeTas da caiss Soris). </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Huristani=hurastani</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">=vrastani (saqarTvelo), ixileT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m. janaSvilis am xelnaweris </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gv. im. agreTve </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qveTavi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">VIII xald=qalT=qarT da gv. iT, SeniS</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">nv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tavi 2</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-is saTauria</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">winaswari cnobebi qaldur</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">lursmul </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">ZeglweraTa </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">Sesaxeb</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m. janaSvili wers: </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Cemi pirveli Txzuleba `cxovrebis zogi viTareba~ daibeWda `sasoflo gazeTSi~ 1877 wlis 17 agvistos. mas aqeT 54 welia vSromob saqarTvelos warsulis Seswavlaze.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Jurnal `imedSi~ 1881 wels ibeWdeboda Cemi werilebi `saqarTvelos mokle istoria~, romelic Semdeg (1884w.) calkec daibeWda. igive masala SevimuSaveT, SevavseT da gamoveciT 1894 welsac axali saTauriT, `saqarTvelos istoria~. orive</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gamocema bevrma moiwona, rogorc pirveli saxelmZRvanelo wigni, romliTac SeiZleboda qarTveli eris gavlil cxovrebis gaTvaliswineba. magram piradad Cven ar </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gvakmayofilebda Cven-mier dabeWdili wignebi da ukamyofilebis umTavresi mizezi-ki is iyo, rom wyaroebis uqonlobis gamo qarTveli eris istoriis Zveli xana bundad iyo warmodgenili da zRapars ufro hgavda, vidre istorias. am xanas Sesaxeb erovnuli matiane `qarTlis cxovreba~, romliTac vsargeblobT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, iZleva aseT cnobebs: qarTvelTa winaprebi movidneno </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">CrdiloeTSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">babilonidan, mere damyarda </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mamasaxl</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">isoba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da Se</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">deg mefoba mcxeTaSi. amis mets ara</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> iuwyeba matiane qarTveli eris cxovrebis Sesaxeb im uamrav saukuneebidan, romelTac gavles pirvel </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">q</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">arTvel </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tobelidam</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> vidre azomde. xarvezi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">friad didia (To</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">b</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eli 3242 wels</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">azo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> 324 wlidan!) da es xarvezi ver amoivseba raRac oriode cnobiT matianisa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. am yofaSi Cven mivediT im dask</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vnamde, rom Zveli drois Sesaswavlad saWiroa Segneba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, gaTvaliswineba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qarTveluri enisa. es iyo mizezi, rom Cveni kvleva-Zieb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is obi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eqtad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Seiqmna qarTveluri ena. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">j</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">er</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">isev 1845 wels</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sul viyaviT xe</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">dv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">amde, rom qarTveluri ena ariso qarTvelTa modgmis goneba, xolo </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">goneba-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">misi ena da istoria, rom qarTveluri</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> anu saerToqarTveluri</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ena ariso is saTave, romlidanac modiano misi kiloebi – qarT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">l</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">u</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">r</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i, megrul-Wanuri, svanuri, ingilouri</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(hereTisa)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da sxvani, da, maSasadame, unda yofiliyo dro, rodesac am </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saerTo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTvelur enaze metyvelebda mTeli q</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">rTveli modgma da miT gamosTqvamda Tvis Sexedulebas Tavis Tavsa, Tavis RmerT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sa Tu </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">bunebaze</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> sazogadod. raxan </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ase gamogvesaxa mniSvneloba am </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">en</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">isa, Cven gavaorkeceT ruduni mis safuZvlianad Sesaswvlad, SeZlebisamebr.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tan enas vswavlobdiT da Tan nair-nair werilebs vbeWdavdiT gazeTebSi, `droebaSi~ 1878 wlidan, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">`</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Кавказ</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">~-Si 1881 wlidan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">kidev daibeWda Cveni: `cnoba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">n</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i Zvel mwerlebTa kavkasiaze` (iv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eria</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. 1885, #87, `ra dros da saidan SemoiRes qarTuli anbani, iv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eria</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. 1887, ##113-128). `</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">o</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> реке Фисоне</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">~ (</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Нов. Обозр. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">1891 #2677) da mravali sxva.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">dabolos, SedarebiT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> masala rom gadavwereT, Sesdga aTas furclovani rv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">uli.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">amisTanave </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">masalis dabeWdva imave dros Turme ganezraxa ber</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">l</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">inel erkerts, romelsac amis Sesaxeb miemarTa d. ba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">q</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ra</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Z</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">isaTvis. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">misi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">SuamavlobiT gaimarTa miwer-mowera</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> me da erkerts Soris, movrigdiT, da Cven mier Sekruli masala mTlianad, Tumca </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mraval</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> koreqtur</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ul</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i SecdomiT, daibeWda calke tomad saTauriT: `</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Die Spache des Kaukasichen Stames</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">~</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> (Wien, 1895).</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">jer kidev 1899 wels berlineli profesori lemani Camovida tfilisSi da aqedan wavida vans</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> (amJamad TurqeTis respublikis SemadgenlobaSia is Zveli qalaqi vani n.f.)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qaldur warweraTa gad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">asaReba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d fotografiulad. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Sroma </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Seasrula</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a dabrunda</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> tfilisSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. me vaswavlidi mas qarTul enas usas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">yidl</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">od da manac aRm</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tqva – usas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">yid</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">lod madlobiT gamogigzavnio Cems wigns qaldur warwereb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ze</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> rom davbeWdavo. dabeWda 1900 wels. depeSiTac vTxove, xma ar gamca da dResac misi wigni ar maqvs</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Semd</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gomSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> muzeumSi vnaze </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is naSromi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">CitaZesTan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, romelSic misgan </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">`</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">A</font></span><span style="background-color:#00ff00; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">r</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">menien </font></span><span style="background-color:#00ff00; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">simt</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> unda jetzt</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">~ (aseTi saTauri aqvs lehman-hauptis wigns. daibeWda 1900w.)</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gadmomiTargmna</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> sityvebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">: `1899 wel</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, zafxu</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">l</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Si, Tavazian </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">daxmarebas miwevda m. janaSvili</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Cems cdaSi Semegno qarTuli enis dasabami cnobebi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">janaSvilma, romelsac Tavis eris enisa da istoriis winaSe didi damsaxureba miuZRvis, gamosTqva is azri, rom qsenofontes karduxebi qarTvelebis winaprebad unda vaRiaroT.~ Cven</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">( ese igi, mose janaSvili)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> dResac imave azrisa varT, ro</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">melzed</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ac viyaviT</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">1899 wels. karduxebs erqvaT agreTve kardu, romelic unda iyos igive qarTu=qalTu=qalT=qarT (svan. qarT., qarT. qarTli=qarTi=qarT-ari).</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">” erTi qveTavia </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">Sedgeniloba sity</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">v</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">isa</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">qald=xald=qalT=qarT.</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gv. IX: `</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">am striqonebis damwers SeZleba hqonda savsebiT darwmunebuliyo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, rom ena qaldur lursmur </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Zeglwerisa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">~</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aris Zveli qarTuli.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Semdeg</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Si</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qalduri </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">te</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qstebis wakiTxva(</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sul</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">20 Zeglwer</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">isa)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> sruliad davamTavre da es saqme vauwye</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qarTvel sazogadoebas gavrcelebul gazeT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">“komunistis”</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(1924, #4) saSualebiT. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">warwerebis wakiTxva damTavrda da saWirod davinaxeT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">misTvis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">dagvewera</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> zogi ram gramatikuli formebi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saerTo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTvelur-qaldur-sumeruli. agreTve, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">cnobebi Sesaxeb qarTvel modgmis tomTa, maT Tvis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ebis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a da RmerTebisa da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">daskvna</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, rom </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="3">qarTvelni arian igive qaldni da miekuTvnebian sumerTa rasas. </font></b></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qveTavSi 3.10 saTauria `zogi ram qarTvelur gramatikidan da winapar</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Ta</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> saxelebis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Sesaxeb.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gv. 15-dan iwyeba Tavi 4. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gv. 18:</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> CrdiloeTi kavkasia SeerTebuli iyo To</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">b</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">elebis qveyanasTan. eg</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tive kavSiri unda hqoneboda</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tavridas(awindel yirims)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, vinaiTgan aqauri mTebi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">‘</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tavri</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">’</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> iyo gagrZeleba kavkasionisa da es ki</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Suamdinaris mTi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aneTi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, saxelad,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">‘</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tav</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">r</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">isa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">’</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. Tavridis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(yirimis)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Tavri da Suamdinaris Tavri modis qarTuli sityvisgan Tavi, `Tauri.~</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m. janaSvilma ganixila </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTuli damwerlobis gamaumjobesebeli farnavaz mefis saxelis Sinaarsi; daeTanxma ‘qarTlis cxovrebis’ miTiTebas, rom farnavazma Tavisi Zegli dadga mTaze da uwoda Tavisi saxeli ‘armaz’, rac niSnavso ‘mzes’. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">f</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">arnavazis sakiTxi vrclad ganxilvas moiTxovs Cvens mierac, radgan CvenTvis cnobilia im farnavazis mier qalaq tarsinSi//tarsoSi aTiaTasobiT moWrili fulis//faras arseboba. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ramdenime maTgani muzeumebSia daunjebuli, magaliTad, qalaq kopenhagenSi, parizSi, berlinSi da sxvagan. farnavazis fulze aRbeWdilia misi sandomiani, momRimare saxe saTno gamometyvelebiT; gamowyobilia samxedro samoselSi, Cafxuti xuravs. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">f</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ulze qarTuli asomTavruli warweraa: kei-i f-z. mkvlevarma goCa asaTianma amoikiTxa da qaragmebis gaxsniT daadgina, rom weria ‘keisari farnavaz’. farnavazis monetebi daTarirebulia Zv.w.-iT meoTxe saukuniT mefes mokle wveri amSvenebs</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> waagavs Zveli Tbilisis ubanSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mtkvaris sanapiroze ramdenime wlis winaT dadgmul</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> farnavazis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> saxes</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> did qandakebaze. </font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTul enaSi fulis aRmniSnveli sityva ‘fara’ swored am farnavaz mefis saxels ukavSirdeba, Cemi mosazrebiT. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. janaSvilis zemoxsenebuli xelnaweris meTvramete gverdze weria</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">: amisTana cnobebis Semdeg,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> safiqrebelia erTi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">STamomavlobisa iyos </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sityv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> maziesi (mazisi) – fazisi (bJa=bza=mze) da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">rom sityva </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">fazia – fazianadan gakeTebul iyos </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">[s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">axelwodeba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> kontinentisa n.f.] </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">‘</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">azia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">’</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, mniSvnelobiT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">“</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aRmosavleTi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T, viT dResac svanurSia le-Ja=m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">egrulad </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> bJaiole-sazeo, mziuri, samzeo (le-Ja)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, ese igi, mzis aRmosavleT mxaresTan mWidrod dakavSirebuli cneba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Sumeris, akkadis, qaldes samefos kulturis ganxilvisadmi miZRvnilia mose jana</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vilis arqivis aTasobiT gverdiani sayuradRebo masala. maTze muSaobas vagrZeleb. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Emegiruli damwerlobiT aRbeWdili literatures kvlevis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Ddargis miRwevebi m. janaSvilis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">moRvaweobis Semdgom, mraval qveyanaSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">kidev metad TvalsaCino</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gaxd</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a. ucxoelma mkvlevarebma amoikiTxes da gamoaqveynes parizSi, berlinSi, osloSi, CikagoSi, romSi, niuiorkSi, londonSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">daunJebuli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">asobiT teqsti lursmnuli damwerlobiT rom iyo </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aRbeWdili didi xnis winaT, Targmnes frangul, germanul, inglisur da sxva Tanamedrove ramdenime enaze. SeZlebisdagvarad Tvals vadevneb maT miRwevebs. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. janaSvilma didi codna SeiZina, rasac Tavi mouyara gamokvlevebSi, romelTa nawili dRemde gamouqveynebelia. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">u</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">pirvelesad aucilebelia misi .sumeruli’, mitanuri’, qarTlur-megrul-svanuri, SoTa rusTaveliseuli masalis, petriwis masalis sityvaTa ganmartebebis-leqsikonebis gamoqveyneba didi raodenobiT da xelmisawvdom fasad, raTa qarTvelebs mieceT saSualeba SeiTvison da gaiTvaliswinon saqmianobaSi maTSi daunjebuli codna. m. janaSvili </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ruseTis imperiis, Semdeg ki rusuli sabWouri imperiis boboqrobis wlebSi moRvaweobda. viciT, rom iZulebuli iyo gaeTvaliswinebina zogi mcdari, danaSaulebrivi antimecnieruli mosazreba zogi araqarTveli</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gaurkveveli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">warsul</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is mqone</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mcire </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">jgufis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> enis sakiTxze, rodesac </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iTxzveboda da qveyndeboda</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">maTi warsulis sakiTxze d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">idtaniani istoriebi. xarvezebi an unda gaswordes simarTlis Sesabamisad, an gamoqveyndes swori SeniSnvebis TandarTviT. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">u</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">nda icodes qar</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">velma sazogadoebam m. janaSvilis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gamokvlevebis miRwevebica da naklovani</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">antiqarTuli mosazrebebisadmi misi damokidebulebac. gamoviyenoT misi miRwevebi.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Miviviwyot cru varaudebi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m. janaSvilma wamoswia lursmnuli damwerlobiT aRbeWdil teqstebSi moxseniebuli qveyana ‘qarduniaS’-is qarTvelebis saxelmwifod arsebobis sakiTxi, risTvisac dasafasebelia. CemdaTavad vityvi, rom </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Zveli welTaRricxviT meore aTaswleulSi, kerZod, 1500-1300-i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">an wlebSi burnaburi, qadeSmani</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da sxva mefeebi TavianT Tavs qardus// qarduniaS qveynis mefeebad aRiarebdnen da amiT amayobdnen. dadasturebulia qardus saxelmwifos arseboba vrcel miwa-wyalze im ZvelTaZvel xanaSic. is gacilebiT Zvelia, vidre didi xnis Semdgom asureTis mefe TiglaT filasaris warweraSi moxseniebuli politikuri erTeulebi-diaoxi , kolxa, romlebic aaoxra. diaoxi da kolxa TbilisSi gamoqveynebul saxelmZRvaneloebSi qarTvelTa saxelmwifoebriobis uZveles nimuSebad miiCnevian. qarduniaSis//qardus ZvelTaZveli samefo aucileblad unda </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gaviTvaliswinoT xolme qarTveli eris mier Seqmnili saxelmwifoebis sakiTxTa farTo wris ganxilvisas. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">misken mogviwodebda mkvlevari mose janaSvili. erT-erT JurnalSi axlaxan wavikiTxe lursmnuli damwerlobiT aRbeWdili cnoba ZvelTaZvel dros qveyana “kolixiTi”-s jaris saqmianobaze. imJamindeli kolxeTis didi nawili amJamindeli saqarTvelos respublikis samxreTiT mdebare vrcel aresac moicavs xsenebuli teqstiT. didi stiqiuri movlenis, “warRvnis” saxeliT cnobili didi wyaldidobis kvali 1926 wels aRmoaCina londonelma arqeologma leonard vullim. mis erT-erT wigns ewodeba “xaldebis qveyana uri” da aRwerilia arqeologiuri gaTxrebis mimdinareoba misive xelmZRvanelobiT. misi meore wignia “miviwyebuli samefo”, sadac rukaze aRbeWda samef</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">o qarduniaS -</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qarduebis samefo, romelic samxreTiT, deda-mdinareebis: puranunusa da idiganas( Tu idiyanas) SesarTaviT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qaldes yureze, Semdeg ki q</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aldes okeaneze gadioda. im kuTxidan okeaniT navebiT gadahqondaT tvirT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i qimeTis// gimeTis samefoSi. (</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gimeTi Zveli egviptis saxelwodebaa imJamindel mkvidrTa enaze). amiT aixsneba, rom navis qarTuli(kerZod, megruli) saxelwodeba “ niSi” ZvelTaganve damkvidrda gimeTSic da kunZul kuratozec//kretazec( amJamad im kunZuls ewodeba “kreta” da ekuTvnis mimdebare kunZuli, romelsac saxelad amJamadac “koloxiTo” anu kolxeTi hqvia iqauri samogzauro biuros sainterneto gzamkvlevis monacemebiT. navis saxeli “niSi” kunZul kuratos( kurato kuros, kurats anu sanaSene mamr msxvilfexa saqonels niSnavs qarTulad) anu kretas qalaq FfaTis// faisTos// festos mefis sasaxleSi mopovebul mrgval Tixis nivTze// diskoze aRbeWdil suraT-xatovan( ieroglifur) warweraSic ixsenieba. is nivTi iqve 19</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">08</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> wels arqiteqtorma da arqeologma luiji perniem aRmoaCina. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">misi teqstis amokiTxva asobi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mkvlevarma scada. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saukeTesoa qarTveli mkvlevaris-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gia qvaSilavas, mier amokiTxuli teqsti, romelic moxsenda londonSi festos diskos amokiTxvis sakiTxisadmi miZRvnil saerTaSoriso yrilobaze da didi mowoneba da aRiareba daimsaxura. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTebis miwa-wyalze mopovebulia </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ZvelTaZveli saxelmwifo samoxeleo sabeWdavebi mTesvelebis, mxvnelebis gamosaxulebebiT. qvaze asaxulia qarTebis mefis dalocva venaxSi winare mefis mier. qarTebis erovnuli RvTaebebi enqi, en-lile ZvelTaZvel nivTebze saxvneli mowyobilobiT arian asaxulni. “xani” qarTulSi, kerZod, suanurSi niSnavs “xars”, “xanua” niSnavs xvnas//xanvas; megrulSi imaves niSnavs “xonua”. Tixis filebze lursmanisebri damwerlobiT asaxulia teqsti qerisa da xorblis// qobalis zecidan Camotanaze RvTaeba en-liles mier mTianeTSi, saidanac gaavrceles misma Svilebma barSic. miwaTmoqmedebaze mijaWvuli qarTi eris </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mTeli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ZirZveli miwa-wyalis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">dabrunebaze, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">movla</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da patronoba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ze zrunva</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> misi mTavari movaleoba da daniSnulebaa.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Zeglwerebis dgomareoba da maTi wakiTxvis siZneleebi m. janaSvilma gan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ixila 69-e gverdze( saqme #149):</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Znelad Tu romelime Zeglwera Senaxuli iyos Tavandeli saxiT mTlianad. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">omtvrevia an Tavi, an bolo, an Sua. Amis gamo aklia an er</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i-ori sityva, an</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eli striqoni, an striqonebi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mas emateba kidev is, rom daSTenili teqsti Zeglwerebisa Cawerilia laTinur anbaniT, romelsac ar abadia iseTi asoebi, viT y, q, w, W, S, x, T, R, Z, j,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">C da sxvani. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">y</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">uruni</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> laTinurad iwereba </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">kuruni</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">qali</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">”</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ”</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">kali</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da misebr sxva sityvebic, darTviT wertilisa asos qvemo an xazisa zemo. magaliTad, giS-Suri-e, eri-du-a-hi da sxva. Amas garda, yovel Zeglweris dasawyisSi, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">x</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">an striqonebis Tavs an striqonSi da Zeglweris bolos svamen asos d. D</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">da a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">cxadeben es ariso ideogramma da unda mixvde ZeglweraSi misTana adgilebSi ra id</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a anu azri iqneboda. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sreve iqceodnen qar</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ul</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> te</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qstis gadamwerebic: teqstis T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">avSi, xan yovel sityvis bolos dasvamdnen xolme asos q. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a es niSnavda ”qristesiT” da teqsts araviTar azrs ar hmatebda, da Zeglwerebis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d-ons aseTi mniSvneloba hqonda Tu sxvanairi, wamkiTxvelis unarianobazea migdebuli.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> teqstSi gvxvdeba bevri Zveleburi qarTuli sityva da forma, raic isev aZnelebs </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Z</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eglweraTa swor </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gagebas da swor wakiTxvas. erT Z</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eglweraSia, magaliTad, iStini, romelic aRarsadaa darCenili garda saingilosi, saca istini niSnavs gaviwvdine, vixmare. Giistiun, giistiun, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">giistiuna=gaviwvdine, gaiwvdine, gaiwvdina. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">tiina=wdiina-wvdena. ”xini”-s Ze</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d Targmnian: menua ispuinixini=menua ispuinis Ze. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">agram ZeglweraSi gvxvdeba agre</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ve ”menua ispuiniexi” da amasac Targmnian ispuinis Zed</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">! teqstebSi gvxvdeba qalaqi lueruxini. Cans, qaldurSi daboloeba xini sulac ar yofila Ze. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">r aqceven yuradRebas mravalgvar cvlilebas qarTvelur enaSi, magaliTad, svanur</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Tan-xan=qarTlur TvaliT-gan=ingilour. Toligni-Tolisgni. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vanur</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Sia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Ja-ya-x, xa-ya-x ingilour</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Sia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> G</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">g</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-yava-y, h-yava-y, palemfsetebis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">( tyavze naweri, razec meored sxva teqsts aweren SemdgomSi) qarTuliT aris</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> g-yav-T, x-yav-T. ingilourSia var-y, xar-y, aris-y da sxva. qarTlurSia var-xolme, xar-xolme da sx. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">y</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vela amis da amisTanas ucodinari ereva saqmeSi da cdilobs aramarto teqstis mowodebas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ise, rogorc aris daSTenili, aramed Tavis ycodinarobiT ufro abnelebs naanderZev teqsts. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ba ras gaigebs kaci amgvar Targmanidan: #417: xaldini</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(rusulad bogu xaldi), xaldi(bogu xaldi), xaldinini (boJestv. xaldiniiam), xaldime (bog xaldi). #424: xaldie (bogu xaldi), xaldia (bogu xaldi). #452: xaldieni (bogu xaldi). </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s imas hgavs, rom </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sityva </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">RmerTic gesmodes Rm</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">rTad, RmerTnic RmerTad, RmerTisaganac RmerTad, RmerTianac RmerTad! adiSis saxarebaSi gvxvdeba </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">nacvalsaxeli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iginini. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">xvagan mis magier</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> aris </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> iginni=igenni, maT badlad qarTveli kaci ambobs kidev igeni, igini, ageni, aginni, da sx</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">va. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">seve modis qalduris daboloebani nini: qaldini, qaldinini, qaldieni, qaldiSe, qaldia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> viT igia=igi ars</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">; daboloeba Se (qaldiSe) megrul-WanurSi modis mniSvnelobiT naTesaobi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Ti</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> brunvisa: qaldis=qaldisa an qaldisagan. koCiSe-kacis, kacisa-gan, kacigni. jaSe=xis, xisa. qarTvelurSi a da e icvlebian, zogjer (kiloebSi) modis a an e: a-ar-arTi=e-er-erTi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">seve: qaldiSe=qaldisa, qaldiS=qaldis. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sreve:</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> xaldie=xaldia. SeadareT var=va, =voreq =veq</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> xar=xa, oreq eq</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ar=a</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ore e.=a=e</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">SeadareT kidev: ars=arn. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ria-n=svan. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ri-x.</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">o</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">rde-s=orte-s= svan. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">rda-x=(qarTl.) iyvne-s=iyvnen.</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”TualTai”</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">:</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> romeli dgas(gv.7)-dgan zeTi igi(26). MmravlobiTSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">:</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> dganan(7.34)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. m. janaSvilis naSromebi qaldebis, xetebis, sumerebis kulturaze Zirfesvianad sakvlevia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. ganvagrZob maTze mu</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aobas.</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">L</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">l</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iteratura</font></span></p><ol type="1"><li style=" text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mose janaSvilis arqivi saqarTvelos xelnawerTa erovnul centrSi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aqme #149;</font></span></li><li style=" text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">imave fondis saqme #148;</font></span></li><li style=" text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">imave fondis saqme #155</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a da 155b</font></span></li></ol><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:right"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">8</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p></div><br>NATELA POPKHADZEhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13568269499155042696noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1993044457595238899.post-79110595228095918252009-07-11T11:17:00.001-07:002009-07-11T11:17:12.865-07:00bolo2<div class="Section1"><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">n</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aTela fofxaZe. saqarTvelo. Tbilisi</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">uZvelesi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTuli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">literatura</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">erTi gamouqveynebeli qarTuli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">wignis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">xelnaweris gaTvaliswinebiT</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTul kulturaze msjelobisas aucilebelia emegir//emegiruli eniTa da damwerlobiT moRweuli aTasobiT warweris, teqstis gaTvaliswineba. </font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">es moiTxovs saqarTvelos respublikaSi mecnierebis am ganxris </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTvel </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">moRvaweTa </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saTanadod </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aRzrdas, swavlebas, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">maTTvis swavlisa da Sromis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saukeTeso pirobebis Seqmnas, waxalisebas,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">dawinaurebas.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">emegir//emegiruls Zv.w. III aTaswleulidanve uwodebdnen im damwerlobas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a da masze Seqmnil literaturas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, romelsac 1700 wels londonelma mkvlevarma Tomas haidma nebismierad uwoda kuneiform damwerloba. rusul enaze es sityva iTargmna klinopis-ad, qarTulze-solisebur an lursmanis</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">msgavs//lursm</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">n</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ur//lursmnul damwerlobad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. am literaturis uZveles nimuSebs londonelma mkvlevarebma XIXsaukuneSi uwodes </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">qaldeian</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">(qald</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">e qveynisa</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">). </font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">XIX saukuneSive parizelma mkvlevarma Jiul oppertma</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qaldeian daiwuna da jer </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">akkadian</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(aqaduri), Semdeg ki </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">sumerian</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">( sumeruli) uwoda. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">r</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">amdenime saxelmwifos muzeumebSi da gamofenebze nivTebze warwerebi Seacvlevina </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">qaldeian</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-is nacvlad </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">sumerian</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-iT. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m Zveli damwerlobiT aRbeWdili masalis Targmnisas inglisur, frangul da sxva amJamindel enebze, dedanSi arsebul saxelmwifoTa saxelebs: kola, kola-ba, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qi enqi qi-uri//qveyana RvTaeba enqisa qveyana uri//qienqiqiuri( saidanac amohyavT saxeli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">engur</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aia, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">kardunia//qardunia </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">anacvleben </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">xolme </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sityvebiT: </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">sumer, akkad,</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">mesopotamia, fertail kreSent</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, rac dedanSi ar aris. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">fertail kreSenT</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> saxeli nebismierad gamoigona mkvlevarma g. brestedma 1956 wels iTargmneba ase: uxvmosavliani naxevarmTvariseburi mxare. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTvel</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i adamianebidan bolo saukuneebSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> am miviwyebuli emegiruli//qalduri damwerlobiT pirvelad italieli mogzauri didebulis, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">p</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">atricio dela vales meuRle, qarTveli Tina dainteresda, meore</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">//</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">axali saxeliT, maria, mariuCa. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Is aTi wlisac ar iyo, rodesac daqarTvelodan gaitaces ucxoelebma da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">stambolis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">bazarze iyida aRsazrdelad dela vales pirvelma meuRlem, romelic SemdgomSi gardaicvala. Tinam</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> miawoda gzaze dagdebuli warweriani qva da daavala patricios did qalaqebSi waredgina mkvlevarebisaTvis naweris Sinaarsis Sesatyobad. amiT daiwyo am damwerlobis kvleva</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da miviwyebuli damwerlobis gacocxleba, aRorZineba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">1800-ian wlebSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> am damwerlobiT dainteresdnen saqarTvelos mefe daviTi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> giorgi XIII-is ufrosi vaJi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da misi swavluli Zmebi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sini ruse</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is imperatorma o</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">j</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">axebianad da naTesavebianad iZulebiT gaasaxla samSoblodan da aukrZala dabruneba. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aixocnen ruseTSi da iq ganisveneben. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">daviT mef</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is davalebiT misma TanaSemwem xelnaweri wigni Seadgina, romelic ar gamoqveynebula. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">1880-ian wlebSi ukve mravali amokiTxuli teqsti da maTi kvlevis Sedegi gamoqveynda ramdenime qveyanaSi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">am damwerlobis kvlevis miRwevebi ganixiles ilia WavWavaZem wignSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">qvaTa RaRadi</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, mose janaSvilma </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tavis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">wignSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">saqarTvelos istoria</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">( gamoqveynda </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">1906 wels</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da ramdenime xelnawer gamouqveynebel wignSi, mixeil TamaraSvilma romSi frangul enaze </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">dabeWdi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">l wignSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">l’eglis JorJien</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, romelic qarTul enaze iTargmna da daibeWda 1995 wels TbilisSi, niko marma rusulad Targmna qaldes mefis warwerebi, mixeil wereTelma</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gamokvlev</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ebSi(</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">sumeruli da qarTuli</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">xeTa, </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">misi xalxi</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">,</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3"> kultura da istoria,</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3"> gilgameSiani)</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da sxvebma.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">am </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">miviwyebuli damwerlobi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s Seswavlas da kvlevas mose janaSvilma </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eqvsi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aTwleuli Sealia.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> am ganx</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">riT misi Rvawli mxolod xelnawerT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a centris arqivis utyv furclebSia</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">asaxuli da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">daculi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. is mcired aisaxa korneli kinwuraSvilis mier Sedgenil m. janaSvilis naSromebis krebulSi, romelsac </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">Jami fiqrisa da gansjisa</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ewodeba da axlaxan gamoqveynda. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. janaSvilis moRvaweobas mi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ZRvna ori samecniero sakvalifikacio naSromi xelnaweris uflebiT. erTis avtoria i. gofoZe, meorisa-m. genebaSvili. maT arc ki axsenes qalduri, xeTuri, sumeruli literatur</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s kvlevaSi misi Rwva da is, rom isini Zvel qarTul literaturad miiCnia da ganixila</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gamosaqveyneblad gamzadebul qarTul da rusul enovan </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ramdenime </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">wignSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">q. TbilisSi, xelnawerTa </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">erovnul centrSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> janaSvilis fondSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">daculma </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">misma </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">erTma </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gamouqveynebelma xelnawerma wignma </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">#149, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gansakuTrebiT miipyro Cemi yuradReba.</font></span><span style="background-color:#00ff00; font-family:'AcadNusx'; vertical-align:super"><font size="1">1</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saTauria: `qalduri lursmuri teqstebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> TviT qaldebis istoria. saTauris qvemoT weria: `qarTveluri ena </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTvel</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> modgmis gonebaa, xolo goneba-misi enaa </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">da istoria</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. TariRad 1919 welia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, magram masze momdevno wlebSic</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">muSaobis kvali aisaxa minawerebSi.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> pirveli Tavis saTauria: Suamere</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">xaldidan (qaldidan) qarTlamde. xelnaweris pirve</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">live winadadebaSi axsnilia, rom</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qarTul enovan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Zveli istoriis Tanaxmad, qarTvelebis uZvelesi samSoblo moicavs qveyana babilons</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ac</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">; </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Zv.w. 2700-ian wlebSi, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">cxoreba qarTvelTa</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3"> da mefeTa</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">maTTa</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-s teqstis Tanaxmad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qarTvelebis nawili ganerida </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">omiT Sewuxebul mxares, oreTidan( ase iwodeba mesopotamia qarTulad) </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gadasaxlda </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ufro </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Crdil</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">oeT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> arsebul </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTul </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mxareSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mTa masissa da</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Ta ararats Soris mdebare </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vrcel </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">areze. warmoCenilia simarTle am or mTas Soris didi sivrcis arsebobaze da uaryofilia sxva mkvl</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">evarebis varaudi masis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-ad araratis oridan erTi mwvervalis miCnevis sakiTxze.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> masisi</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tavris mTianeTis Sua na</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">wilSia, ararati misgan didad daS</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">orebul mxareSia. Cemis mxriv davumateb, rom </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">mas</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-is m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a masu//maSu saxelwodebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ixsenieba </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qveyana </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">kolas mefis lugalbandas vaJis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mogzaurobis amsax</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">v</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">el teqstSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> lugalbandas Semdgom kola qveyanaSi gamef</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">da</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">misi vaJi-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gmiri gilgameSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. oriveni werilobiT dadasturebuli mTamsvlelebi//alpinistebi arian da koladan imogzaures CrdiloeTiT mdebare maRalmTianeTSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, sadac maSus mTasTan saRamos brundeboda dedamisis saxlSi utu(mze RmerTi)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. qaldeur//qarTuli mTamsvlelobis dasawyisi maTgan unda aviTvaloT da ara XIX saukunidan( rogorc dRes aRiarebulia cnobarebSi). </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">lugalbanda</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gamefebamde ewvia maSus mTas. i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qve dasustda avadmyofobis gamo.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> aRar sunTqavda. Tanmxlebma Svid</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ma vaJkacma, romelic Zmebad ixseniebian, mwuxarebiT miatoves gamoqvabul</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Si</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, Rvino, ludi, namcxvrebi, cximi da sxva saWmeli dautoves da wavidnen maRalmTaSi im imediT, rom dabrunebisas an janmrTeli SeeyrebodaT, an mkvdars waasvenebdnen </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">TavianT Soreul dedaqalaqSi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sayuradReboa, rom iqve dasaflaveba dauSveblad miiCnies im Soreul droSi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">l</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ugalbanda utus</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(mzis), mTvaris</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">( nanas)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da saRamos varskvlavis sinaTlem moasuliera, simSvide mihgvara, moaZliera. maTze iloca da SesTxova Svela. maT Seismines Txovna da mSvidi Zili miuRvares. gaRviZebisas aRaraferi stkioda. gadarCa da dabrunda sxvebTan erTad. misi SemdgomSi gamefebuli vaJi gilgameSic aqeT, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">CrdiloeTiT, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">maSus mTisaken gamoeSura </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ukvdavebis saSulebis mosapoveblad da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sagmiro saqmiT saxelis mosaxveWad. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">axalqarTul enaze gilgameSis ambavi anu gilgameSiani emegiruli//lursmnuli teqstidan </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">germanul enovani Targmanis gaTvaliswinebiT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Targmna mixeil wereTelma da 1924 wels konstantinepolis qarTvel kaTolikeTa savaneSi arsebul stambaSi dabeWda. imJamad es Zvirfasi nawarmoebi mxolod inglisur, frangul </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">da germanul enaze iyo Targmnili da</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gamoqveynebuli. italiur, rusul da sxva enebze </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gilgameSiani </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mxolod </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTuli Targmanis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gamoqveynebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">dan karga xnis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Semdgom iTargmna. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. janaSvilma mas-is mTad </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">‘Taur’-ad saxeldebuli qedis maRali mTa aRiara. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">lursmnuli emegiruli damwerlobiT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">maSu</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> niSnavs tyups//ors(tyup mTas) ( nino samsonia. sa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">xelmZRvanelo saleqcio teqstebi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">studentebisaTvis). gilgameSianSi aris qveTavi ‘gilgameSi da aratas mTianeTis batoni’. Earatas mTa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Tu ararats miv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iCnevT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, gamova, rom gilgameSis dros (Zv.w. 2700-ian wlebSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mis xelqveiT myof kolaelebs urTierToba hqoniaT araratis m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is maxlobel mosaxleobasTan. SesaZloa, rom man araratis orwvera//tyupmwvervaliani mTa dalaSqra. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">esame mosazrebad sazogadoebas vTavazob tyup maSu mTad gigiS mTis aRiarebas. gigiS amJamadac oficialurad ewodeba mTas, romelsac meorenairad ialbuzi//elbrusi ewodeba da saqarTvelos ekuTvnoda stalinisa da berias gardacvalebamde. oriod wlis Semdeg saqarTvelos waarTva n. xruSCovma da ruseTs miuerTa. skolaSi maswavlidnen saxelmZRvaneloebiT, rom ialbuzi saqarTvelos umaRlesi mwvervalia. gigiSis//ialbuzis mTasac ‘maSu</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">’ ewodeboda 1</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">980-ian wlebSi, rodesac zamTrobiTac, zafxulobiTac mis kalTebze TxilamurebiT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vsrialebdi da iqve TveobiT visvenebdi.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. janaSvilma mTis saxeli “mas”-isi qarTvelTa erT-erT saxelwodebas(masxi//mes-xi)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da faz-s, fazianas, fazias da azias</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> daukavSira. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s mosazrebac safuZvlianad mimaCnia. manve vrclad imsjela cneba “kolx”-ze da sityva “kola”-s daukavSira. esec swori mosazrebaa. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m. janaSvilma ganmarta, rom qarTuli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">mere</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> niSnavs mxares, miwa-wyals, amitomaa, rom </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">axalqarTulSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">mere-</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Ti niSnavs qedis aqeT mdebare mxares, i-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">mere</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-Ti niSnavs qedis iqeT arsebul mxares. sityva mere-s am Sinaarsis Sesabamisad, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sityva </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">Sumeri</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aris igive ~Suamere.~ `Suamere~ </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ornawiliani sityvaa. pirvelia `Sua~ // SuaSi mdebare, meorea `mere~. `mere~ sarwyav miwas niSnavs. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTulSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">Su</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ixmareba </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">Sua</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-s Sesatyvisad, rac daasabuTa a. SaniZis mier mTaSi Cawerili </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">xalxuri </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">leqseb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iT. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m. janaSvili g</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">anmartavs</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, rom ucxoeli mkvlevarebic ki aRiareben, rom </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">x</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aldebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">//</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qaldebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> arian Zveli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">drois </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTvelebi da imowmebs maTive teqstebs</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. janaSvilma SeamCnia, rom efrem mcires xelnawerSi aRbeWdilia </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sityva </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">qalTveli. </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">qalTveli</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3"> qalde sityvidan qarTu-mde gardamaval safexurad mii</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">Cnia da </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">Tavis </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">sxva xelnawerebSic </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">xazgasmiT </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">axsena. </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">SemdgomSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qalTvelebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> iwodnen qarTvelebad. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">SevniSnav, rom uZvelesi lursmnuli//emegiruli teqstebis monacemebiT, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">pirvel</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saxelmwifo warmonaqmneb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i moicavdnen mdinare puranunu//evfratis xeobas da</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ewodebodaT kola(RvTaeba anqi//aia-s mier Tixisagan gamoZerwili mSeneblobis RvTaeba </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">kol</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">a</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-s saxelis mixedviT, Cemi mosazrebiT)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qveyana </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qienqi//qi-enqi( RvTaeba enqi-s </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">qi </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">anu </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">q</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">veyana), </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qveyana </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eri-du(eri=axalqarTuli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sityva </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">eri</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">/</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> niSnavs </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eTnos</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">nacia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">maT mier CrdiloeTiT mimdebare midamos SerwymiT Seiqmna gacilebiT vrceli saxelmwifo da ewoda </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTu//qardu//qarduniaS//qarTuniaS. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">qarTunia</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> saxeliT is cnobilia Zv.w. XV</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">II</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> saukunidan mis mefeTa mimoweraSi gimeTis faraoebTan. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">gimeT</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> aris nilosis auzSi mdebare qvemo saxelmwifos saxeli, romelsac aTaswleulebis Semdeg ewoda egviptax(</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">ptax</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">isi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> RvTaebis saxeli iyo). </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">gime</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> niSnavs qvemo-s margaluradac//megruladac. es amixsna statistikosma, Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis docentma</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">rezo saliam. madlobas movaxseneb. Zvel egviptesTan//gimeTTan</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTvelebis urTierToba, dinastiuri qorwinebebi Zv.w. II aTaswleulSi, qarTvelTa RvTaeba aTena-s//mzis aqauri mefis asulebis mier faraoebze sxvadasxva dros gaTxovebis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Sedegad </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gavrceleba </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gimeTSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saguldagulod ikvlia m. janaSvilma. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">megiruli//lursmnuri damwerlobiT aRbeWdili teqstebidan Targmna miTanis mefe tuS-ratis werilebi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Zv. w. XIIII saukuneSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gimeT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is faraosadmi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. janaSvilma icoda aqauri mefis asulebis, faraoebze gaTxovilebis saxelebi:</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gilu-xifa, TaTu-xifa. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">avumateb, rom TaTu dabadebisas </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">erqmeuli saxelia miTanis mefe Tu</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-ratis asulisa, romelic 13 wlisa gaaTxoves faraoze da 356-qaliani amali</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gaistumres nilosis auzSi mdebare saxelmwifoSi, romelsac lursmnuri da ieroglifuri damwerlobiT imJamad ewodeboda mizra//misra//nizra. imJamindeli viTarebis ganxilvisas sasurvelia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> is qveyana</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> imJamindeli saxeliT(mizra) movixsenioT. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">TaTus//nefertitis erTi asuli moaTxoves qarduniaS qveynis//saqarTvelos mefes da dedaqalaq kalxu-Si cxovrobda. amJamad mas qalaqi nimrodi ewodeba da saqarTvelos respublikis samxreTiT mdebareobs. gansakuTrebiT sayuradReboa, rom </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. janaSvilma gamokveTa sakiTxi asureTis saxelmwifos </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gvian Seqmnaze</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-Tanac, sxva eris miwa-wyalze</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">asureTis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">danaSaulze:</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qaldes </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qveynis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">tac</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ebaze, qaldebis//qarTvelebis Jletasa da maTi qonebis, kulturis mi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tvis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ebaze. qveyana </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">asur</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3"> ZirZvel qaldur miwaze daarsda Zv.w. meTo</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">rm</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">ete saukuneSi, ubedureba moutana ZirZvel mosaxleobas, amdenad, qaldebis damwerlobis, literaturis, kulturis kvlevis dargis saxeldeba asurologiad//asurTmcodneobad umar</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">T</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">ebulo da usamarTloa. </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ATbilisis universitetSi asiriologiis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">//asurologiis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> kaTedris am saxeliT daarseba 1918 wlidan, sabWour xanaSi am saxeliTve am kaTedris aRdgena umarTebulo iyo. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">u</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">job</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">esi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> iqneboda qa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">lduri//emegiruli damwerlob</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a da kultur</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> swavleb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a TviT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qarTuli enis, istoriisa da kulturis Seswavlisas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> saTanado ganyofilebebze,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qaldebs asurelebTan,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">xeTebs</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> g</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">imeTeleb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">an//misrelebTan//</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">egviptelebTan </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mouxdaT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">didi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">brZol</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> samSoblos dasacavad. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">“</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">xeTis mefe usayvedurebdao </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">faraos//</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">faraons</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">( zog xelnawerSi m. janaSvili “faraons” wers, zogSi-“farao”-s; sworia “farao” </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mizris//misreTis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> masalis gaTvaliswinebiT)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> imis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gamo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, rom mis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mi miweril </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tixis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">filaze faraos Tavisi saxeli xeTas mefis saxelis win daeso da Tavazianobis darRvevad miaCnda xeTas xseneba ara egviptis xsenebis win, aramed,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Semdgom.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> m. janaSvili mkiTxvelebs amcnobs, rom rodesac oqsfordis universitetis profesorma a. g. saisma aRmoaCina, Tu ra diadi saqmianoba hqonda</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gaCaRebuli xeTebs, sxva mkvlevarebma gakicxes da ararsebuli warsulis mTxzveli, `fantaziori~//mefantazie uwodes.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">usamarTlo kiJinam a.s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ai</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ss guli ver gautexa; ganagrZo kvleva da aTi wlis Semdeg (1888w.) gamo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qveyna Tavisi ufro dasabuTebuli naSromi. is rusul enaze Targmna</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> butovskim. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m. janaSvil</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ma</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> safuZvlianad ikvlia petriwi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">naSromebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Seadgina </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">petriwis leqsikoni</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ratomR</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ac gamouqveynebelia.M</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">j</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">anaSvilis sityviT, imperiis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">droindeli rusi moxeleebi da mkvlevarebi, `mecnierebi~ </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sxvebze </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">uaresad epyrobodnen dRevandel mcire qarTvelobas, swamebdnen uniWobas, xSirad dacinviT ixsen</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ebdnen mis `siyv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">rulis enasac~ (zisserman. `</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Дв</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">а</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">д</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">цат</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> let</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">на</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Кавказе</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">~, t. 1. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">g</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">v. 1).</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mxolod amisTana ugul</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">v</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">elyofiT qarTvelur</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> enisa unda aixsn</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s is garemoeba, rom evropielebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s TviT udides mkvlevarTa ufros </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">erTi krints ara sZravs qarTvelobis Sesaxeb, rodesac dasvams kiTxvas, vin SeiZleba yofiliyo is eri,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> romelic iTvleba Semoqmeda</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> kreta-mikenis kulturisa, vin iyvnen da ra enaze laparakobdnen is xeTebi, romel</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">n</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ic ebrZod</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">nen</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mZlavr egviptes, rogorc swori swors, vin unda yofiliyo xeTazed ara nakleb gamoCenili qaldi, romlis enis sityvebia sumer (=Su mere</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">=</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Sua mere), naRarain</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">( sarwyavi arxebiT daRaruli qveyana)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da akkadi (aR-kadi).</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">maT r</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">o</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m ar awuxebdeT Tavi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">anT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i `arieloba,~ qarTvelur ersac mowyaled gadmoxedavdnen da gaigebdnen Semdegs:</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTvelTa winapari iyo Tobeli = Tubal-kaini (dab. 4-22), Zma noesi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da warRvnis (3242w.) Semdeg igi da misi Zmiswulebi Tobel II, mosxi (mesxi), xiTi da sxvani cxovrobdnen imave </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Sennar-naRar</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ai</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">n-aRkadSi, ese igi, Suameres, da vidre nebr</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">o</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tis gamoCenamde am Suamere</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i yvela</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> maSindeli xalxosnobis ena iyoo mxolod Suameruli anu `sumeruli~. biblia (T.11-1) ambobs: `iyo yoveli queyana ena erT da xmai erT yovelTa~, `naTesavi erT da bage (</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Napi</font></span><span style="background-color:#00ff00; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">r</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">uc</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">) erT yovelTa~ (11-</font></span><span style="background-color:#00ff00; font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">6</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">).</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">maSasadame, davaskvniT Cven, maSin </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">jer saerTod </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ar unda yofiliyo arc ena iafetisa, arc bage semisa, arc metyveleba qamisa, aramed </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iyo </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">erTi sazogado ena, yvelasaTvis erTi gasagebi bage. romelze</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">c</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> saubrobda </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">im mxaris mosaxleoba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> TviT adams moRmarT nebroTamde da es ena-bage unda yofiliyo sumeruli (Suameruli).</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">am SumerT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">4000 wlebSi kidec moigones wera</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">–maTebu</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">r</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ad </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">S’a</font></span><span style="background-color:#00ff00; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">r</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> (</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ixileT v.Sileiko. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Вотывния</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">надписи</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">шумерийских</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">правител</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="background-color:#00ff00; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">й</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(1915 w. XXXIII); </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m. nikolski. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Древности</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Восточныя</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> (t. 3. nak. II, gv. 1). es </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">S’a</font></span><span style="background-color:#00ff00; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">r</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> unda iyos igive qarTveluri </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">War</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> (wera).</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">am sumerul (Sua merul) enas ekava igeTive adgili, viT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gviane</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">biT,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> laTinur enas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">evropaSi, magram im gansxvavebiT, rom sumerul SuamdinareSi gavlenis JamierobiTa da, sazogadod, xangrZlivobiT kidec sWarbobda laTinuris xangrZlivobas evropaSi.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Cven mivaxwevT~, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">am</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">bobs deliCi, `im pra-indiur-evropul da ara semiur er sumeramde, romelic moivlina Semoqmedad babilonis kulturisa~ (fr. deliCi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Библия и Вавилон.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. 16: </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">К. </font></span><span style="background-color:#00ff00; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Бецо</font></span><span style="background-color:#00ff00; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">l</font></span><span style="background-color:#00ff00; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">д</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> „Ассирия и </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Vavilon</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">”</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. 13).</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> v</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">inkle</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">r</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> (</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Вавилон, его история и культур</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">~, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. 18).</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">`msgavsad </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">laTinur enisa romaul kaTolike eklesiis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> saWiroebisaTvis, sumeruli SuamereSi daSTa enad mecnierebisa da kultisa... sumeruli unda miviCnioT enad babilonis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> im binadar</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mosaxleobisa, romelic aq cxovrobda semitebis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">( bibliuri semis STamomavlebis)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mosvlamde.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> maSasadame, sumerebi warmoadge</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">nen im Suaguls, romelSic ganviTarda babilonis kultura da aRizarda misi umTavresi mxare – lursmuri wera</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, romelic Seiqmna sityvaTa da azrTa gadasacem-gadmosacem saxsarad.~</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">kad. t</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">uraevi (`</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Классический</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Восток</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">~, 1914, 161): `ukvdavi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">dideba moipoves sumerebma weris </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ga</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mogonebiT. maTi wera gavrcelda wina-aziaSi da Seiqmna iaraRad babilonis kulturisa umetes 2 </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'; vertical-align:super"><font size="1">1</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">/</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'; vertical-align:sub"><font size="1">2 </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aTaseul wleb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sa.~</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aseTi iyo es s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">umeruli sakacobrio ena, magram r</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">axan TviT etimologia sityvisa sumer </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">= Suamere qarTulia da raxan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ioseb flabiosi ambobs: `Tobelisagan warmoiSvnen Tobelni, romelnic Cven dros iwodeb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">n iverebad,~ unda vifiqroT, rom </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">im `erT ena-bageSi~ SeuZlebeli iyo ar </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">g</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">areuliyo iverTa xmebic, romelnic aRniSnavdnen mzes, mTvares, RmerTs</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, Tvlas da sxvaTa, da romelic maSin iyo sumeruli da, rogorc ageTi, - sakacobrio ena-bagec, da raxan sumerebis pirdapiri memkvidreni iyvnen qaldni, CveniT – qarTni (qarTvelni), amitom srul</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ad ar gvikvirs, rodesac mkvlevarni sweren: `xal</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">uri mecniereba </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">savsebiT </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">i</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">sesxe</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">s</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> asurelebm</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> (v. a. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">zaicev. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Руководство Всемирной истории. Древная история Востока.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> 187</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">9</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. 195).</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qaldni arian</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">igive</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ur</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qaldni</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> (</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">dabad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. 11-28). `</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ur</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">~ = </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTveli</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">:</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">urac</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">=</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vrac</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> (</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTveli</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">), </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">urastan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">=</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vrastan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> (</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saqarTvelo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">), </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">virq</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> (=</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">urq</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">) – </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTvelni</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ivirq</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> (</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">igive</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iveria</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">). </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ad:</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">uria=svan.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">viria. azna-ur=sv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">an</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">zna-vir. mind-uri=mind-ori=mind-ver (svan). ur=or-vir=ver-svan:</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ver anu gim </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aris </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">miwa. S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ead. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">‘ver’ sityvaSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">tver, tveri, mtveri</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ese igi miwiani</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iori=iuri-iviri=iveri. naT. iveris=iuris-ivris-xeoba. vera=vere anu ur-a=or=e. wm. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">n</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">inos cx. 15: or-banTa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">=ur-bniTad=or-bniTad=ur-bnisad.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">h u r i. `javaxos aRaSena wunda da artani, romelsa maSin erqua qajTa</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qalaqi, xolo a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">w</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> hrqvian huri (q. cx. 20)~. kidev saxelebi sofelTa: ur, ura-veli, uravi, ur-Zuma, ur-jvari, uriaT-ubani, ur-sauri, urT-xva, urTa (mTaa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> [sofel]</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> xeTas da caiss Soris). </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Huristani=hurastani</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">=vrastani (saqarTvelo), ixileT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m. janaSvilis am xelnaweris </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gv. im. agreTve </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qveTavi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">VIII xald=qalT=qarT da gv. iT, SeniS</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">nv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tavi 2</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-is saTauria</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">winaswari cnobebi qaldur</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">lursmul </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">ZeglweraTa </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">Sesaxeb</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m. janaSvili wers: </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Cemi pirveli Txzuleba `cxovrebis zogi viTareba~ daibeWda `sasoflo gazeTSi~ 1877 wlis 17 agvistos. mas aqeT 54 welia vSromob saqarTvelos warsulis Seswavlaze.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Jurnal `imedSi~ 1881 wels ibeWdeboda Cemi werilebi `saqarTvelos mokle istoria~, romelic Semdeg (1884w.) calkec daibeWda. igive masala SevimuSaveT, SevavseT da gamoveciT 1894 welsac axali saTauriT, `saqarTvelos istoria~. orive</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gamocema bevrma moiwona, rogorc pirveli saxelmZRvanelo wigni, romliTac </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">SeiZleboda qarTveli eris gavlil cxovrebis gaTvaliswineba. magram piradad Cven ar </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gvakmayofilebda Cven-mier dabeWdili wignebi da ukamyofilebis umTavresi mizezi-ki is iyo, rom wyaroebis uqonlobis gamo qarTveli eris istoriis Zveli xana bundad iyo warmodgenili da zRapars ufro hgavda, vidre istorias. am xanas Sesaxeb erovnuli matiane `qarTlis cxovreba~, romliTac vsargeblobT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, iZleva aseT cnobebs: qarTvelTa winaprebi movidneno </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">CrdiloeTSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">babilonidan, mere damyarda mamasaxl</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">isoba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da Se</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">deg mefoba mcxeTaSi. amis mets ara</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> iuwyeba matiane qarTveli eris cxovrebis Sesaxeb im uamrav saukuneebidan, romelTac gavles pirvel </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">q</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">arTvel </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tobelidam</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> vidre azomde. xarvezi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">friad didia (To</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">b</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eli 3242 wels</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">azo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> 324 wlidan!) da es xarvezi ver amoivseba raRac oriode cnobiT matianisa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. am yofaSi Cven mivediT im dask</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vnamde, rom Zveli drois Sesaswavlad saWiroa Segneba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, gaTvaliswineba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qarTveluri enisa. es iyo mizezi, rom Cveni kvleva-Zieb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is obi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eqtad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Seiqmna qarTveluri ena. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">j</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">er</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">isev 1845 wels</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sul viyaviT xe</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">dv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">amde, rom qarTveluri ena ariso qarTvelTa modgmis goneba, xolo </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">goneba-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">misi ena da istoria, rom qarTveluri</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> anu saerToqarTveluri</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ena ariso is saTave, romlidanac modiano misi kiloebi – qarT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">l</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">u</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">r</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i, megrul-Wanuri, svanuri, ingilouri</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(hereTisa)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da sxvani, da, maSasadame, unda yofiliyo dro, rodesac am </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saerTo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTvelur enaze metyvelebda mTeli q</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">rTveli modgma da miT gamosTqvamda Tvis Sexedulebas Tavis Tavsa, Tavis RmerT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sa Tu </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">bunebaze</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> sazogadod. raxan </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ase gamogvesaxa mniSvneloba am </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">en</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">isa, Cven gavaorkeceT ruduni mis safuZvlianad Sesaswvlad, SeZlebisamebr.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tan enas vswavlobdiT da Tan nair-nair werilebs vbeWdavdiT gazeTebSi, `droebaSi~ 1878 wlidan, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">`</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Кавказ</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">~-Si 1881 wlidan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">kidev daibeWda Cveni: `cnoba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">n</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i Zvel mwerlebTa kavkasiaze` (iv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eria</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. 1885, #87, `ra dros da saidan SemoiRes qarTuli anbani, iv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eria</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. 1887, ##113-128). `</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">o</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> реке Фисоне</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">~ (</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Нов. Обозр. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">1891 #2677) da mravali sxva.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">dabolos, SedarebiT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> masala rom gadavwereT, Sesdga aTas furclovani rv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">uli.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">amisTanave </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">masalis dabeWdva imave dros Turme ganezraxa ber</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">l</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">inel erkerts, romelsac amis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Sesaxeb miemarTa d. ba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">q</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ra</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Z</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">isaTvis. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">misi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">SuamavlobiT gaimarTa miwer-mowera</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> me da erkerts Soris, movrigdiT, da Cven mier Sekruli masala mTlianad, Tumca </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mraval</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> koreqtur</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ul</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i SecdomiT, daibeWda calke tomad saTauriT: `</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Die Spache des Kaukasichen Stames</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">~</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> (Wien, 1895).</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">jer kidev 1899 wels berlineli profesori lemani Camovida tfilisSi da aqedan wavida vans</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> (amJamad TurqeTis respublikis SemadgenlobaSia is Zveli qalaqi vani n.f.)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qaldur warweraTa gad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">asaReba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d fotografiulad. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Sroma </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Seasrula</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a dabrunda</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> tfilisSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. me vaswavlidi mas qarTul enas usas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">yidl</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">od da manac aRm</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tqva – usas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">yid</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">lod madlobiT gamogigzavnio Cems wigns qaldur warwereb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ze</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> rom davbeWdavo. dabeWda 1900 wels. depeSiTac vTxove, xma ar gamca da dResac misi wigni ar maqvs</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Semd</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gomSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> muzeumSi vnaze </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is naSromi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">CitaZesTan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, romelSic misgan </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">`</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">A</font></span><span style="background-color:#00ff00; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">r</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">menien </font></span><span style="background-color:#00ff00; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">simt</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> unda jetzt</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">~ (aseTi saTauri aqvs lehman-hauptis wigns. daibeWda 1900w.)</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gadmomiTargmna</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> sityvebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">: `1899 wel</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, zafxu</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">l</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Si, Tavazian </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">daxmarebas miwevda m. janaSvili</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Cems cdaSi Semegno qarTuli enis dasabami cnobebi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">janaSvilma, romelsac Tavis eris enisa da istoriis winaSe didi damsaxureba miuZRvis, gamosTqva is azri, rom qsenofontes karduxebi qarTvelebis winaprebad unda vaRiaroT.~ Cven</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">( ese igi, mose janaSvili)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> dResac imave azrisa varT, ro</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">melzed</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ac viyaviT</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">1899 wels. karduxebs erqvaT agreTve kardu, romelic unda iyos igive qarTu=qalTu=qalT=qarT (svan. qarT., qarT. qarTli=qarTi=qarT-ari).</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">” erTi qveTavia </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">Sedgeniloba sity</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">v</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">isa</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">qald=xald=qalT=qarT.</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gv. IX: `</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">am striqonebis damwers SeZleba hqonda savsebiT darwmunebuliyo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, rom ena qaldur lursmur </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Zeglwerisa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">~</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aris Zveli qarTuli.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Semdeg</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Si</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qalduri </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">te</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qstebis wakiTxva(</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sul</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">20 Zeglwer</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">isa)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> sruliad davamTavre da es saqme vauwye</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qarTvel sazogadoebas gavrcelebul gazeT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">“komunistis”</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(1924, #4) saSualebiT. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">warwerebis wakiTxva damTavrda da saWirod davinaxeT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">misTvis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">dagvewera</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> zogi ram gramatikuli formebi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saerTo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTvelur-qaldur-sumeruli. agreTve, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">cnobebi Sesaxeb qarTvel modgmis tomTa, maT Tvis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ebis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a da RmerTebisa da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">daskvna</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, rom </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="3">qarTvelni arian igive qaldni da </font></b></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="3">miekuTvnebian sumerTa rasas. </font></b></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qveTavSi 3.10 saTauria `zogi ram qarTvelur gramatikidan da winapar</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Ta</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> saxelebis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Sesaxeb.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gv. 15-dan iwyeba Tavi 4. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gv. 18:</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> CrdiloeTi kavkasia SeerTebuli iyo To</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">b</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">elebis qveyanasTan. eg</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tive kavSiri unda hqoneboda</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tavridas(awindel yirims)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, vinaiTgan aqauri mTebi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">‘</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tavri</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">’</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> iyo gagrZeleba kavkasionisa da es ki</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Suamdinaris mTi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aneTi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, saxelad,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">‘</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tav</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">r</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">isa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">’</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. Tavridis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(yirimis)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Tavri da Suamdinaris Tavri modis qarTuli sityvisgan Tavi, `Tauri.~</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m. janaSvilma ganixila qarTuli damwerlobis gamaumjobesebeli farnavaz mefis saxelis Sinaarsi; daeTanxma ‘qarTlis cxovrebis’ miTiTebas, rom farnavazma Tavisi Zegli dadga mTaze da uwoda Tavisi saxeli ‘armaz’, rac niSnavso ‘mzes’. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">f</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">arnavazis sakiTxi vrclad ganxilvas moiTxovs Cvens mierac, radgan CvenTvis cnobilia im farnavazis mier qalaq tarsinSi//tarsoSi aTiaTasobiT moWrili fulis//faras arseboba. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ramdenime maTgani muzeumebSia daunjebuli, magaliTad, qalaq kopenhagenSi, parizSi, berlinSi da sxvagan. farnavazis fulze aRbeWdilia misi sandomiani, momRimare saxe saTno gamometyvelebiT; gamowyobilia samxedro samoselSi, Cafxuti xuravs. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">f</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ulze qarTuli asomTavruli warweraa: kei-i f-z. mkvlevarma goCa asaTianma amoikiTxa da qaragmebis gaxsniT daadgina, rom weria ‘keisari farnavaz’. farnavazis monetebi daTarirebulia Zv.w.-iT meoTxe saukuniT mefes mokle wveri amSvenebs</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> waagavs Zveli Tbilisis ubanSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mtkvaris sanapiroze ramdenime wlis winaT dadgmul</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> farnavazis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> saxes</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> did qandakebaze. </font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTul enaSi fulis aRmniSnveli sityva ‘fara’ swored am farnavaz mefis saxels ukavSirdeba, Cemi mosazrebiT. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. janaSvilis zemoxsenebuli xelnaweris meTvramete gverdze weria</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">: amisTana cnobebis Semdeg,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> safiqrebelia erTi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">STamomavlobisa iyos </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sityv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> maziesi (mazisi) – fazisi (bJa=bza=mze) da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">rom sityva </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">fazia – fazianadan gakeTebul iyos </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">[s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">axelwodeba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> kontinentisa n.f.] </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">‘</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">azia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">’</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, mniSvnelobiT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">“</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aRmosavleTi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T, viT dResac svanurSia le-Ja=m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">egrulad </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> bJaiole-sazeo, mziuri, samzeo (le-Ja)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, ese igi, mzis aRmosavleT mxaresTan mWidrod dakavSirebuli cneba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Sumeris, akkadis, qaldes </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">samefos kulturis ganxilvisadmi miZRvnilia mose jana</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vilis arqivis aTasobiT gverdiani sayuradRebo masala. maTze muSaobas vagrZeleb. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Emegiruli damwerlobiT aRbeWdili literatures kvlevis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Ddargis miRwevebi m. janaSvilis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">moRvaweobis Semdgom, mraval qveyanaSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">kidev metad TvalsaCino</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gaxd</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a. ucxoelma mkvlevarebma amoikiTxes da gamoaqveynes parizSi, berlinSi, osloSi, CikagoSi, romSi, niuiorkSi, londonSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">daunJebuli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">asobiT teqsti lursmnuli damwerlobiT rom iyo aRbeWdili didi xnis winaT, Targmnes frangul, germanul, inglisur da sxva Tanamedrove ramdenime enaze. SeZlebisdagvarad Tvals vadevneb maT miRwevebs. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. janaSvilma didi codna SeiZina, rasac Tavi mouyara gamokvlevebSi, romelTa nawili dRemde gamouqveynebelia. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">u</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">pirvelesad aucilebelia misi .sumeruli’, mitanuri’, qarTlur-megrul-svanuri, SoTa rusTaveliseuli masalis, petriwis masalis sityvaTa ganmartebebis-leqsikonebis gamoqveyneba didi raodenobiT da xelmisawvdom fasad, raTa qarTvelebs mieceT saSualeba SeiTvison da gaiTvaliswinon saqmianobaSi maTSi daunjebuli codna. m. janaSvili </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ruseTis imperiis, Semdeg ki rusuli sabWouri imperiis boboqrobis wlebSi moRvaweobda. viciT, rom iZulebuli iyo gaeTvaliswinebina zogi mcdari, danaSaulebrivi antimecnieruli mosazreba zogi araqarTveli</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gaurkveveli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">warsul</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is mqone</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mcire </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">jgufis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> enis sakiTxze, rodesac </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iTxzveboda da qveyndeboda</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">maTi warsulis sakiTxze d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">idtaniani istoriebi. xarvezebi an unda gaswordes simarTlis Sesabamisad, an gamoqveyndes swori SeniSnvebis TandarTviT. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">u</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">nda icodes qar</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">velma sazogadoebam m. janaSvilis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gamokvlevebis miRwevebica da naklovani</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">antiqarTuli mosazrebebisadmi misi damokidebulebac. gamoviyenoT misi miRwevebi.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Miviviwyot cru varaudebi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m. janaSvilma wamoswia lursmnuli damwerlobiT aRbeWdil teqstebSi moxseniebuli qveyana ‘qarduniaS’-is qarTvelebis saxelmwifod arsebobis sakiTxi, risTvisac dasafasebelia. CemdaTavad vityvi, rom </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Zveli welTaRricxviT meore aTaswleulSi, kerZod, 1500-1300-i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">an wlebSi burnaburi, qadeSmani</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da sxva mefeebi TavianT Tavs qardus// qarduniaS </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qveynis mefeebad aRiarebdnen da amiT amayobdnen. dadasturebulia qardus saxelmwifos arseboba vrcel miwa-wyalze im ZvelTaZvel xanaSic. is gacilebiT Zvelia, vidre didi xnis Semdgom asureTis mefe TiglaT filasaris warweraSi moxseniebuli politikuri erTeulebi-diaoxi , kolxa, romlebic aaoxra. diaoxi da kolxa TbilisSi gamoqveynebul saxelmZRvaneloebSi qarTvelTa saxelmwifoebriobis uZveles nimuSebad miiCnevian. qarduniaSis//qardus ZvelTaZveli samefo aucileblad unda gaviTvaliswinoT xolme qarTveli eris mier Seqmnili saxelmwifoebis sakiTxTa farTo wris ganxilvisas. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">misken mogviwodebda mkvlevari mose janaSvili. erT-erT JurnalSi axlaxan wavikiTxe lursmnuli damwerlobiT aRbeWdili cnoba ZvelTaZvel dros qveyana “kolixiTi”-s jaris saqmianobaze. imJamindeli kolxeTis didi nawili amJamindeli saqarTvelos respublikis samxreTiT mdebare vrcel aresac moicavs xsenebuli teqstiT. didi stiqiuri movlenis, “warRvnis” saxeliT cnobili didi wyaldidobis kvali 1926 wels aRmoaCina londonelma arqeologma leonard vullim. mis erT-erT wigns ewodeba “xaldebis qveyana uri” da aRwerilia arqeologiuri gaTxrebis mimdinareoba misive xelmZRvanelobiT. misi meore wignia “miviwyebuli samefo”, sadac rukaze aRbeWda samef</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">o qarduniaS -</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qarduebis samefo, romelic samxreTiT, deda-mdinareebis: puranunusa da idiganas( Tu idiyanas) SesarTaviT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qaldes yureze, Semdeg ki q</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aldes okeaneze gadioda. im kuTxidan okeaniT navebiT gadahqondaT tvirT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i qimeTis// gimeTis samefoSi. (</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gimeTi Zveli egviptis saxelwodebaa imJamindel mkvidrTa enaze). amiT aixsneba, rom navis qarTuli(kerZod, megruli) saxelwodeba “ niSi” ZvelTaganve damkvidrda gimeTSic da kunZul kuratozec//kretazec( amJamad im kunZuls ewodeba “kreta” da ekuTvnis mimdebare kunZuli, romelsac saxelad amJamadac “koloxiTo” anu kolxeTi hqvia iqauri samogzauro biuros sainterneto gzamkvlevis monacemebiT. navis saxeli “niSi” kunZul kuratos( kurato kuros, kurats anu sanaSene mamr msxvilfexa saqonels niSnavs qarTulad) anu kretas qalaq FfaTis// faisTos// festos mefis sasaxleSi mopovebul </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mrgval Tixis nivTze// diskoze aRbeWdil suraT-xatovan( ieroglifur) warweraSic ixsenieba. is nivTi iqve 19</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">08</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> wels arqiteqtorma da arqeologma luiji perniem aRmoaCina. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">misi teqstis amokiTxva asobi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mkvlevarma scada. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saukeTesoa qarTveli mkvlevaris-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gia qvaSilavas, mier amokiTxuli teqsti, romelic moxsenda londonSi festos diskos amokiTxvis sakiTxisadmi miZRvnil saerTaSoriso yrilobaze da didi mowoneba da aRiareba daimsaxura. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTebis miwa-wyalze mopovebulia ZvelTaZveli saxelmwifo samoxeleo sabeWdavebi mTesvelebis, mxvnelebis gamosaxulebebiT. qvaze asaxulia qarTebis mefis dalocva venaxSi winare mefis mier. qarTebis erovnuli RvTaebebi enqi, en-lile ZvelTaZvel nivTebze saxvneli mowyobilobiT arian asaxulni. “xani” qarTulSi, kerZod, suanurSi niSnavs “xars”, “xanua” niSnavs xvnas//xanvas; megrulSi imaves niSnavs “xonua”. Tixis filebze lursmanisebri damwerlobiT asaxulia teqsti qerisa da xorblis// qobalis zecidan Camotanaze RvTaeba en-liles mier mTianeTSi, saidanac gaavrceles misma Svilebma barSic. miwaTmoqmedebaze mijaWvuli qarTi eris </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mTeli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ZirZveli miwa-wyalis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">dabrunebaze, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">movla</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da patronoba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ze zrunva</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> misi mTavari movaleoba da daniSnulebaa.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Zeglwerebis dgomareoba da maTi wakiTxvis siZneleebi m. janaSvilma gan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ixila 69-e gverdze( saqme #149):</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Znelad Tu romelime Zeglwera Senaxuli iyos Tavandeli saxiT mTlianad. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">omtvrevia an Tavi, an bolo, an Sua. Amis gamo aklia an er</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i-ori sityva, an</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eli striqoni, an striqonebi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mas emateba kidev is, rom daSTenili teqsti Zeglwerebisa Cawerilia laTinur anbaniT, romelsac ar abadia iseTi asoebi, viT y, q, w, W, S, x, T, R, Z, j,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">C da sxvani. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">y</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">uruni</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> laTinurad iwereba </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">kuruni</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">qali</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">”</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ”</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">kali</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da misebr sxva sityvebic, darTviT wertilisa asos qvemo an xazisa zemo. magaliTad, giS-Suri-e, eri-du-a-hi da sxva. Amas garda, yovel Zeglweris dasawyisSi, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">x</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">an striqonebis Tavs an striqonSi da Zeglweris bolos svamen asos d. D</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">da a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">cxadeben es ariso ideogramma da unda mixvde ZeglweraSi misTana adgilebSi ra id</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a anu azri iqneboda. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sreve iqceodnen qar</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ul</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> te</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qstis gadamwerebic: teqstis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">avSi, xan yovel sityvis bolos dasvamdnen xolme asos q. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a es niSnavda ”qristesiT” da teqsts araviTar azrs ar hmatebda, da Zeglwerebis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d-ons aseTi mniSvneloba hqonda Tu sxvanairi, wamkiTxvelis unarianobazea migdebuli.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> teqstSi gvxvdeba bevri Zveleburi qarTuli sityva da forma, raic isev aZnelebs </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Z</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eglweraTa swor </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gagebas da swor wakiTxvas. erT Z</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eglweraSia, magaliTad, iStini, romelic aRarsadaa darCenili garda saingilosi, saca istini niSnavs gaviwvdine, vixmare. Giistiun, giistiun, giistiuna=gaviwvdine, gaiwvdine, gaiwvdina. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">tiina=wdiina-wvdena. ”xini”-s Ze</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d Targmnian: menua ispuinixini=menua ispuinis Ze. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">agram ZeglweraSi gvxvdeba agre</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ve ”menua ispuiniexi” da amasac Targmnian ispuinis Zed</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">! teqstebSi gvxvdeba qalaqi lueruxini. Cans, qaldurSi daboloeba xini sulac ar yofila Ze. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">r aqceven yuradRebas mravalgvar cvlilebas qarTvelur enaSi, magaliTad, svanur</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Tan-xan=qarTlur TvaliT-gan=ingilour. Toligni-Tolisgni. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vanur</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Sia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Ja-ya-x, xa-ya-x ingilour</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Sia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> G</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">g</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-yava-y, h-yava-y, palemfsetebis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">( tyavze naweri, razec meored sxva teqsts aweren SemdgomSi) qarTuliT aris</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> g-yav-T, x-yav-T. ingilourSia var-y, xar-y, aris-y da sxva. qarTlurSia var-xolme, xar-xolme da sx. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">y</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vela amis da amisTanas ucodinari ereva saqmeSi da cdilobs aramarto teqstis mowodebas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ise, rogorc aris daSTenili, aramed Tavis ycodinarobiT ufro abnelebs naanderZev teqsts. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ba ras gaigebs kaci amgvar Targmanidan: #417: xaldini</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(rusulad bogu xaldi), xaldi(bogu xaldi), xaldinini (boJestv. xaldiniiam), xaldime (bog xaldi). #424: xaldie (bogu xaldi), xaldia (bogu xaldi). #452: xaldieni (bogu xaldi). </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s imas hgavs, rom </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sityva </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">RmerTic gesmodes Rm</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">rTad, RmerTnic RmerTad, RmerTisaganac RmerTad, RmerTianac RmerTad! adiSis saxarebaSi gvxvdeba </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">nacvalsaxeli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iginini. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">xvagan mis magier</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> aris </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> iginni=igenni, maT badlad qarTveli kaci ambobs kidev igeni, igini, ageni, aginni, da sx</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">va. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">seve modis qalduris daboloebani nini: qaldini, qaldinini, qaldieni, qaldiSe, qaldia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> viT igia=igi ars</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">; daboloeba Se (qaldiSe) megrul-WanurSi modis mniSvnelobiT naTesaobi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Ti</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> brunvisa: </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qaldis=qaldisa an qaldisagan. koCiSe-kacis, kacisa-gan, kacigni. jaSe=xis, xisa. qarTvelurSi a da e icvlebian, zogjer (kiloebSi) modis a an e: a-ar-arTi=e-er-erTi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">seve: qaldiSe=qaldisa, qaldiS=qaldis. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sreve:</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> xaldie=xaldia. SeadareT var=va, =voreq =veq</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> xar=xa, oreq eq</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ar=a</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ore e.=a=e</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">SeadareT kidev: ars=arn. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ria-n=svan. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ri-x.</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">o</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">rde-s=orte-s= svan. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">rda-x=(qarTl.) iyvne-s=iyvnen.</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”TualTai”</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">:</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> romeli dgas(gv.7)-dgan zeTi igi(26). MmravlobiTSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">:</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> dganan(7.34)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. m. janaSvilis naSromebi qaldebis, xetebis, sumerebis kulturaze Zirfesvianad sakvlevia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. ganvagrZob maTze mu</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aobas.</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">L</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">l</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iteratura</font></span></p><ol type="1"><li style=" text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mose janaSvilis arqivi saqarTvelos xelnawerTa erovnul centrSi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aqme #149;</font></span></li><li style=" text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">imave fondis saqme #148;</font></span></li><li style=" text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">imave fondis saqme #155</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a da 155b</font></span></li></ol><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:right"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">16</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p></div><br>NATELA POPKHADZEhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13568269499155042696noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1993044457595238899.post-72931924927376556382009-07-10T09:01:00.001-07:002009-07-10T09:01:02.338-07:00xelnaweribolo.doc<div class="Section1"><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">n</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aTela fofxaZe. saqarTvelo. Tbilisi</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">uZvelesi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTuli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">literatura</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">erTi gamouqveynebeli qarTuli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">wignis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">xelnaweris gaTvaliswinebiT</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTul kulturaze msjelobisas aucilebelia emegir//emegiruli eniTa da damwerlobiT moRweuli aTasobiT warweris, teqstis gaTvaliswineba. </font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">es moiTxovs saqarTvelos respublikaSi mecnierebis am ganxris </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTvel </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">moRvaweTa </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saTanadod </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aRzrdas, swavlebas, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">maTTvis swavlisa da Sromis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saukeTeso pirobebis Seqmnas, waxalisebas,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">dawinaurebas.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">emegir//emegiruls Zv.w. III aTaswleulidanve uwodebdnen im damwerlobas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a da masze Seqmnil literaturas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, romelsac 1700 wels londonelma mkvlevarma Tomas haidma nebismierad uwoda kuneiform damwerloba. rusul enaze es sityva iTargmna klinopis-ad, qarTulze-solisebur an lursmanis</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">msgavs//lursm</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">n</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ur//lursmnul damwerlobad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. am literaturis uZveles nimuSebs londonelma mkvlevarebma XIXsaukuneSi uwodes </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">qaldeian</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">(qald</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">e qveynisa</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">). </font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">XIX saukuneSive parizelma mkvlevarma Jiul oppertma</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qaldeian daiwuna da jer </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">akkadian</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(aqaduri), Semdeg ki </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">sumerian</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">( sumeruli) uwoda. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">r</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">amdenime saxelmwifos muzeumebSi da gamofenebze nivTebze warwerebi Seacvlevina </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">qaldeian</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-is nacvlad </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">sumerian</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-iT. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m Zveli damwerlobiT aRbeWdili masalis Targmnisas inglisur, frangul da sxva amJamindel enebze, dedanSi arsebul saxelmwifoTa saxelebs: kola, kola-ba, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qi enqi qi-uri//qveyana RvTaeba enqisa qveyana uri//qienqiqiuri( saidanac amohyavT saxeli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">engur</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, kardunia//qardunia </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">anacvleben </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">xolme </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sityvebiT: </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">sumer, akkad,</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">mesopotamia, fertail kreSent</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, rac dedanSi ar aris. qarTvel</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i adamianebidan bolo saukuneebSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> am miviwyebuli emegiruli//qalduri damwerlobiT pirvelad italieli mogzauri didebulis, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">p</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">atricio dela vales meuRle, qarTveli Tina dainteresda, meore</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">//</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">axali saxeliT, maria, mariuCa. man miawoda gzaze dagdebuli warweriani qva da daavala patricios did qalaqebSi waredgina mkvlevarebisaTvis naweris Sinaarsis Sesatyobad. amiT daiwyo am damwerlobis kvleva</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da miviwyebuli damwerlobis gacocxleba, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aRorZineba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">1800-ian wlebSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> am damwerlobiT dainteresdnen saqarTvelos mefe daviTi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> giorgi XIII-is ufrosi vaJi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da misi swavluli Zmebi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sini ruse</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is imperatorma o</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">j</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">axebianad da naTesavebianad iZulebiT gaasaxla samSoblodan da aukrZala dabruneba. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aixocnen ruseTSi da iq ganisveneben. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">daviT mef</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is davalebiT misma TanaSemwem xelnaweri wigni Seadgina, romelic ar gamoqveynebula. am damwerlobis kvlevis miRwevebi ganixiles ilia WavWavaZem wignSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">qvaTa RaRadi</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, mose janaSvilma </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tavis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">wignSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">saqarTvelos istoria</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">( gamoqveynda </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">1906 wels</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da ramdenime xelnawer gamouqveynebel wignSi, mixeil TamaraSvilma romSi frangul enaze gamoqveynebul wignSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">l’eglis JorJien</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, romelic qarTul enaze iTargmna da daibeWda 1995 wels TbilisSi, niko marma( rusulad Targmna qaldes mefis warwerebi, mixeil wereTelma</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gamokvlev</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ebSi(</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">sumeruli da qarTuli</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">xeTa da misi xalxi</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">, gilgameSiani)</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da sxvebma.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">am </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">miviwyebuli damwerlobi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s Seswavlas da kvlevas mose janaSvilma </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eqvsi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aTwleuli Sealia.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> am ganx</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">riT misi Rvawli mxolod xelnawerT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a centris arqivis utyv furclebSia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> daculi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. is mcired aisaxa korneli kinwuraSvilis mier Sedgenil m. janaSvilis naSromebis krebulSi, romelsac </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">Jami fiqrisa da gansjisa</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ewodeba da axlaxan gamoqveynda. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. janaSvilis moRvaweobas mi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ZRvna ori samecniero sakvalifikacio naSromi xelnaweris uflebiT. erTis avtoria i. gofoZe, meorisa-m. genebaSvili. maT arc ki axsenes qalduri, xeTuri, sumeruli literatur</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s kvlevaSi misi Rwva da is, rom isini Zvel qarTul literaturad miiCnia da ganixila</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gamosaqveyneblad gamzadebul qarTul da rusul enovan wignebSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">q. TbilisSi, xelnawerTa erovnul centrSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m, janaSvilis fondSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">daculma </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">misma </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">erTma </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gamouqveynebelma xelnawerma wignma </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">#149, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gansakuTrebiT miipyro Cemi yuradReba.</font></span><span style="background-color:#00ff00; font-family:'AcadNusx'; vertical-align:super"><font size="1">1</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saTauria: `qalduri lursmuri teqstebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> TviT qaldebis istoria. saTauris qvemoT weria: `qarTveluri ena </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTvel modgmis gonebaa, xolo goneba-misi enaa </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">da istoria</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. TariRad 1919 welia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, magram masze momdevno wlebSic</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">muSaobis kvali aisaxa minawerebSi.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> pirveli Tavis saTauria: Suamere</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">xaldidan (qaldidan) qarTlamde. xelnaweris </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">pirve</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">live winadadebaSi axsnilia, rom</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qarTul enovan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Zveli istoriis Tanaxmad, qarTvelebis uZvelesi samSoblo moicavs qveyana babilons</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ac</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">; </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Zv.w. 2700-ian wlebSi, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">cxoreba qarTvelTa</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3"> da mefeTa</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">maTTa</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-s teqstis Tanaxmad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qarTvelebis nawili ganerida </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">omiT Sewuxebul mxares, oreTidan( ase iwodeba mesopotamia qarTulad) </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gadasaxlda </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ufro </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Crdil</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">oeT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> arsebul </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTul </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mxareSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mTa masissa da</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Ta ararats Soris mdebare </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vrcel </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">areze. warmoCenilia simarTle am or mTas Soris didi sivrcis arsebobaze da uaryofilia sxva mkvl</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">evarebis varaudi masis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-ad araratis oridan erTi mwvervalis miCnevis sakiTxze.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> masisi</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tavris mTianeTis Sua na</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">wilSia, ararati misgan didad daS</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">orebul mxareSia. Cemis mxriv davumateb, rom </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">mas</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-is m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a masu//maSu saxelwodebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ixsenieba </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qveyana </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">kolas mefis lugalbandas vaJis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mogzaurobis amsax</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">v</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">el teqstSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> lugalbandas Semdgom kola qveyanaSi gamef</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">da</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">misi vaJi-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gmiri gilgameSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. oriveni werilobiT dadasturebuli mTamsvlelebi//alpinistebi arian da koladan imogzaures CrdiloeTiT mdebare maRalmTianeTSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, sadac maSus mTasTan saRamos brundeboda dedamisis saxlSi utu(mze RmerTi)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. qaldeur//qarTuli mTamsvlelobis dasawyisi maTgan unda aviTvaloT da ara XIX saukunidan( rogorc dRes aRiarebulia cnobarebSi). </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">lugalbanda gamefebamde ewvia maSus mTas. Iqve dasustda avadmyofobis gamo. aRar sunTqavda. Tanmxlebma Svilma vaJkacma, romelic Zmebad ixseniebian, mwuxarebiT miatoves gamoqvabulis saxlSi, Rvino, ludi, namcxvrebi, cximi da sxva saWmeli dautoves da wavidnen maRalmTaSi im imediT, rom dabrunebisas an janmrTeli SeeyrebodaT, an mkvdars waasvenebdnen TavianT Soreul dedaqalaqSi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">l</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ugalbanda utus</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(mzis), mTvarisa da saRamos varskvlavis sinaTlem moasuliera, simSvide mihgvara, moaZliera. maTze iloca da SesTxova Svela. maT Seismines Txovna da mSvidi Zili miuRvares. gaRviZebisas aRaraferi stkioda. gadarCa da dabrunda sxvebTan erTad. misi SemdgomSi gamefebuli vaJi gilgameSic aqeT, maSus mTisaken gamoeSura sagmiro saqmiT saxelis mosaxveWad. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">axalqarTul enaze gilgameSis ambavi anu gilgameSiani emegiruli//lursmnuli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">teqstidan </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">germanul enovani Targmanis gaTvaliswinebiT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Targmna mixeil wereTelma da 1924 wels konstantinepolis qarTvel kaTolikeTa savaneSi arsebul stambaSi dabeWda. imJamad es Zvirfasi nawarmoebi mxolod inglisur, frangul </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">da germanul enaze iyo Targmnili da</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gamoqveynebuli. italiur, rusul da sxva enebze </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gilgameSiani </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mxolod </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTuli Targmanis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gamoqveynebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">dan karga xnis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Semdgom iTargmna. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. janaSvilma mas-is mTad </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">‘Taur’-ad saxeldebuli qedis maRali mTa aRiara. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">maSu</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> niSnavs tyups//ors(tyup mTas) emegiruli damwerlobiT( nino samsonia. saxelmZRvanelo saleqcio teqstebiT studentebisaTvis). gilgameSianSi aris qveTavi ‘gilgameSi da aratas mTianeTis batoni’. Earatas mTa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Tu ararats miv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iCnevT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, gamova, rom gilgameSis dros (Zv.w. 2700-ian wlebSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mis xelqveiT myof kolaelebs urTierToba hqoniaT araratis mtis maxlobel mosaxleobasTan. SesaZloa, rom man araratis orwvera//tyupmwvervaliani mTa dalaSqra. Mesame mosazrebad sazogadoebas vTavazob tyup maSu mTad gigiS mTis aRiarebas. gigiS amJamadac oficialurad ewodeba mTas, romelsac meorenairad ialbuzi//elbrusi ewodeba da saqarTvelos ekuTvnoda stalinisa da berias gardacvalebamde. oriod wlis Semdeg saqarTvelos waarTva n. xruSCovma da ruseTs miuerTa. skolaSi maswavlidnen saxelmZRvaneloebiT, rom ialbuzi saqarTvelos umaRlesi mwvervalia. gigiSis//ialbuzis mTasac ‘maSu</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">’ ewodeboda 1</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">980-ian wlebSi, rodesac zamTrobiTac, zafxulobiTac mis kalTebze TxilamurebiT vsrialebdi da iqve TveobiT visvenebdi.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> M. janaSvilma mTis saxeli “mas”-isi qarTvelTa erT-erT saxelwodebas(masxi//mes-xi) daukavSira. Es mosazrebac safuZvlianad mimaCnia. manve vrclad imsjela cneba “kolx”-ze da sityva “kola”-s daukavSira. esec swori mosazrebaa. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m. janaSvilma ganmarta, rom qarTuli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">mere</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> niSnavs mxares, miwa-wyals, amitomaa, rom </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">axalqarTulSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">mere-</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Ti niSnavs qedis aqeT mdebare mxares, i-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">mere</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-Ti niSnavs qedis iqeT arsebul mxares. sityva mere-s am Sinaarsis Sesabamisad, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sityva </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">Sumeri</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aris igive ~Suamere.~ `Suamere~ </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ornawiliani sityvaa. pirvelia `Sua~ // SuaSi mdebare, meorea `mere~. `mere~ sarwyav </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">miwas niSnavs. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTulSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">Su</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ixmareba </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">Sua</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-s Sesatyvisad, rac daasabuTa a. SaniZis mier mTaSi Cawerili </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">leqseb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iT. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m. janaSvili g</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">anmartavs</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, rom ucxoeli mkvlevarebic ki aRiareben, rom </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">x</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aldebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">//</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qaldebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> arian Zveli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">drois </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTvelebi da imowmebs maTive teqstebs</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. janaSvilma SeamCnia, rom efrem mcires xelnawerSi aRbeWdilia </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sityva </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">qalTveli. </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">qalTveli</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3"> qalde sityvidan qarTu-mde gardamaval safexurad mii</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">Cnia da </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">Tavis </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">sxva xelnawerebSic </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">xazgasmiT </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">axsena. </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">SemdgomSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qalTvelebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> iwodnen qarTvelebad. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">SevniSnav, rom uZvelesi lursmnuli//emegiruli teqstebis monacemebiT, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">pirvel</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saxelmwifo warmonaqmneb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i moicavdnen mdinare puranunu//evfratis xeobas da</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ewodebodaT kola(RvTaeba anqi//aia-s mier Tixisagan gamoZerwili mSeneblobis RvTaeba </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">kol</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">a</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-s saxelis mixedviT, Cemi mosazrebiT)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qveyana </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qienqi//qi-enqi( RvTaeba enqi-s </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">qi </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">anu </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">q</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">veyana), </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qveyana </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eri-du(eri=axalqarTuli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sityva </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">eri</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">/</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> niSnavs </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eTnos</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">nacia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">maT mier CrdiloeTiT mimdebare midamos SerwymiT Seiqmna gacilebiT vrceli saxelmwifo da ewoda </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTu//qardu//qarduniaS//qarTuniaS. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">qarTunia</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> saxeliT is cnobilia Zv.w. XV saukunidan mis mefeTa mimoweraSi gimeTis faraoebTan. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">gimeT</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> aris nilosis auzSi mdebare qvemo saxelmwifos saxeli, romelsac aTaswleulebis Semdeg ewoda egviptax(</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">ptax</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> maTi RvTaebis saxeli iyo). </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">gime</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> niSnavs qvemo-s margaluradac//megruladac. es amixsna statistikosma, Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis docentma</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> rezo saliam. madlobas movaxseneb. Zvel egviptesTan//gimeTTan</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTvelebis urTierToba, dinastiuri qorwinebebi Zv.w. II aTaswleulSi, qarTvelTa RvTaeba aTena-s//mzis aqauri mefis asulebis mier faraoebze sxvadasxva dros gaTxovebis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Sedegad </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gavrceleba </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gimeTSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saguldagulod ikvlia m. janaSvilma. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">megiruli//lursmnuri damwerlobiT aRbeWdili teqstebidan Targmna miTanis mefe tuS-ratis werilebi gimeTis faraosadmi Zv.w. XIII saukuneSi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. janaSvilma icoda aqauri mefis asulebis, faraoebze gaTxovilebis saxelebi:</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gilu-xifa, TaTu-xifa. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">avumateb, rom TaTu dabadebisas </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">erqmeuli saxelia miTanis mefe Tu</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-ratis asulisa, romelic 13 wlisa gaaTxoves faraoze da 356-qaliani </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">amali</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gaistumres nilosis auzSi mdebare saxelmwifoSi, romelsac lursmnuri da ieroglifuri damwerlobiT imJamad ewodeboda mizra//misra//nizra. imJamindeli viTarebis ganxilvisas sasurvelia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> is qveyana</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> imJamindeli saxeliT(mizra) movixsenioT. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">TaTus//nefertitis erTi asuli moaTxoves qarduniaS qveynis//saqarTvelos mefes da dedaqalaq kalxu-Si cxovrobda. amJamad mas qalaqi nimrodi ewodeba da saqarTvelos respublikis samxreTiT mdebareobs. gansakuTrebiT sayuradReboa, rom </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. janaSvilma gamokveTa sakiTxi asureTis saxelmwifos </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gvian Seqmnaze</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-Tanac, sxva eris miwa-wyalze</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">asureTis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">danaSaulze:</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qaldes </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qveynis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">tac</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ebaze, qaldebis//qarTvelebis Jletasa da maTi qonebis, kulturis mi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tvis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ebaze. qveyana </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">asur</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3"> ZirZvel qaldur miwaze daarsda Zv.w. meTo</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">rm</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">ete saukuneSi, ubedureba moutana ZirZvel mosaxleobas, amdenad, qaldebis damwerlobis, literaturis, kulturis kvlevis dargis saxeldeba asurologiad//asurTmcodneobad umar</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">T</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">ebulo da usamarTloa. </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ATbilisis universitetSi asiriologiis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">//asurologiis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> kaTedris am saxeliT daarseba 1918 wlidan, sabWour xanaSi am saxeliTve am kaTedris aRdgena umarTebulo iyo. jobda, rom qalduri//emegiruli damwerloba da kultura eswavlebinaT qarTuli enis, istoriisa da kulturis Seswavlisas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> saTanado ganyofilebebze,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qaldebs asurelebTan, xeTebs </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gimeTeleb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">an//misreTelebTan//</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">egviptelebTan mouxdaT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">didi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">brZol</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> samSoblos dasacavad. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">“</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">xeTis mefe usayvedurebdao </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">faraos//</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">faraons</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">( zog xelnawerSi m. janaSvili “faraons” wers, zogSi-“farao”-s; sworia “farao” </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mizris//misreTis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> masalis gaTvaliswinebiT)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> imis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gamo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, rom mis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mi miweril </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tixis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">filaze faraos Tavisi saxeli xeTas mefis saxelis win daeso da Tavazianobis darRvevad miaCnda xeTas xseneba ara egviptis xsenebis win, aramed,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Semdgom.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> m. janaSvili mkiTxvelebs amcnobs, rom rodesac oqsfordis universitetis profesorma a. g. saisma aRmoaCina, Tu ra diadi saqmianoba hqonda</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gaCaRebuli xeTebs, sxva mkvlevarebma gakicxes da ararsebuli warsulis mTxzveli, `fantaziori~//mefantazie uwodes.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">usamarTlo kiJinam a. s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ai</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ss guli ver </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gautexa; ganagrZo kvleva da aTi wlis Semdeg (1888w.) gamo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qveyna Tavisi ufro dasabuTebuli naSromi. is rusul enaze Targmna</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> butovskim. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m. janaSvil</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ma</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> safuZvlianad ikvlia petriwi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">naSromebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Seadgina </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">petriwis leqsikoni</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ratomrac gamouqveynebelia.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">M</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. janaSvilis sityviT, imperiis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">droindeli rusi moxeleebi da mkvlevarebi, `mecnierebi~ uaresad epyrobodnen dRevandel mcire qarTvelobas, swamebdnen uniWobas, xSirad dacinviT ixsenebdnen mis `siyv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">rulis enasac~ (zisserman. `</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Дв</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">а</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">д</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">цат</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> let</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">на</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Кавказе</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">~, t. 1. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">g</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">v. 1).</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mxolod amisTana ugulebelyofiT qarTvelur enisa unda aixsnebodes is garemoeba, rom evropielebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s TviT udides mkvlevarTa ufros </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">erTi krints ara sZravs qarTvelobis Sesaxeb, rodesac dasvams kiTxvas, vin SeiZleba yofiliyo is eri,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> romelic iTvleba Semoqmeda</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> kreta-mikenis kulturisa, vin iyvnen da ra enaze laparakobdnen is xeTebi, romel</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">n</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ic ebrZod</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">nen</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mZlavr egviptes, rogorc swori swors, vin unda yofiliyo xeTazed ara nakleb gamoCenili qaldi, romlis enis sityvebia sumer (=Su mere</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">=</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Sua mere), naRarain</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">( sarwyavi arxebiT daRaruli qveyana)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da akkadi (aR-kadi).</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">maT r</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">o</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m ar awuxebdeT Tavi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">anT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i `arieloba,~ qarTvelur ersac mowyaled gadmoxedavdnen da gaigebdnen Semdegs:</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTvelTa winapari iyo Tobeli = Tubal-kaini (dab. 4-22), Zma noesi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da warRvnis (3242w.) Semdeg igi da misi Zmiswulebi Tobel II, mosxi (mesxi), xiTi da sxvani cxovrobdnen imave Sennar-naRar</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ai</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">n-aRkadSi, ese igi, Suameres, da vidre nebr</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">o</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tis gamoCenamde am Suamere</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i yvela</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> maSindeli xalxosnobis ena iyoo mxolod Suameruli anu `sumeruli~. biblia (T.11-1) ambobs: `iyo yoveli queyana ena erT da xmai erT yovelTa~, `naTesavi erT da bage (</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Napi</font></span><span style="background-color:#00ff00; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">r</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">uc</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">) erT yovelTa~ (11-</font></span><span style="background-color:#00ff00; font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">6</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">).</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">maSasadame, davaskvniT Cven, maSin </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">jer saerTod </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ar unda yofiliyo arc ena iafetisa, arc bage semisa, arc metyveleba qamisa, aramed </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iyo </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">erTi sazogado ena, yvelasaTvis erTi gasagebi bage. romelze saubrobda </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">im mxaris mosaxleoba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> TviT adams moRmarT nebroTamde da es ena-bage unda yofiliyo sumeruli (Suameruli).</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">am SumerT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">4000 wlebSi kidec moigones wera</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">–maTebu</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">r</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ad </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">S’a</font></span><span style="background-color:#00ff00; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">r</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> (</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ixileT v.Sileiko. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Вотывния</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">надписи</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">шумерийских</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">правител</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="background-color:#00ff00; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">й</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(1915 w. XXXIII); </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m. nikolski. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Древности</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Восточныя</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> (t. 3. nak. II, gv. 1). es </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">S’a</font></span><span style="background-color:#00ff00; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">r</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> unda iyos igive qarTveluri </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">War</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> (wera).</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">am sumerul (Sua merul) enas ekava igeTive adgili, viT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gviane</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">biT,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> laTinur enas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">evropaSi, magram im gansxvavebiT, rom sumerul SuamdinareSi gavlenis JamierobiTa da, sazogadod, xangrZlivobiT kidec sWarbobda laTinuris xangrZlivobas evropaSi.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Cven mivaxwevT~, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">am</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">bobs deliCi, `im pra-indiur-evropul da ara semiur er sumeramde, romelic moivlina Semoqmedad babilonis kulturisa~ (fr. deliCi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Библия и Вавилон.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. 16: </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">К. </font></span><span style="background-color:#00ff00; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Бецо</font></span><span style="background-color:#00ff00; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">l</font></span><span style="background-color:#00ff00; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">д</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> „Ассирия и </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Vavilon</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">”</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. 13).</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> v</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">inkle</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">r</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> (</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Вавилон, его история и культур</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">~, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. 18).</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">`msgavsad </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">laTinur enisa romaul kaTolike eklesiis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> saWiroebisaTvis, sumeruli SuamereSi daSTa enad mecnierebisa da kultisa... sumeruli unda miviCnioT enad babilonis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> im binadar</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mosaxleobisa, romelic aq cxovrobda semitebis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">( bibliuri semis STamomavlebis)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mosvlamde.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> maSasadame, sumerebi warmoadge</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">nen im Suaguls, romelSic ganviTarda babilonis kultura da aRizarda misi umTavresi mxare – lursmuri wera</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, romelic Seiqmna sityvaTa da azrTa gadasacem-gadmosacem saxsarad.~</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">kad. t</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">uraevi (`</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Классический</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Восток</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">~, 1914, 161): `ukvdavi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">dideba moipoves sumerebma weris </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ga</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mogonebiT. maTi wera gavrcelda wina-aziaSi da Seiqmna iaraRad babilonis kulturisa umetes 2 </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'; vertical-align:super"><font size="1">1</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">/</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'; vertical-align:sub"><font size="1">2 </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aTaseul wleb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sa.~</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aseTi iyo es s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">umeruli sakacobrio ena, magram r</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">axan TviT etimologia sityvisa sumer = Suamere qarTulia da raxan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ioseb flabiosi ambobs: `Tobelisagan warmoiSvnen Tobelni, romelnic Cven dros iwodeb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">n iverebad,~ unda vifiqroT, rom </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">im `erT ena-bageSi~ SeuZlebeli iyo ar </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">g</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">areuliyo iverTa xmebic, romelnic aRniSnavdnen mzes, mTvares, RmerTs</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, Tvlas da sxvaTa, da romelic maSin iyo sumeruli da, rogorc ageTi, - sakacobrio ena-bagec, da raxan sumerebis pirdapiri memkvidreni iyvnen qaldni, CveniT – qarTni (qarTvelni), amitom srul</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ad ar gvikvirs, rodesac mkvlevarni sweren: `xal</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">uri mecniereba </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">savsebiT </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">i</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">sesxe</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">s</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> asurelebm</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> (v. a. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">zaicev. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Руководство Всемирной истории. Древная история Востока.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> 187</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">9</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. 195).</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qaldni arian</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">igive</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ur</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qaldni</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> (</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">dabad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. 11-28). `</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ur</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">~ = </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTveli</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">:</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">urac</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">=</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vrac</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTveli</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">), </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">urastan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">=</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vrastan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> (</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saqarTvelo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">), </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">virq</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> (=</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">urq</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">) – </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTvelni</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ivirq</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> (</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">igive</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iveria</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">). </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ad:</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">uria=svan.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">viria. azna-ur=sv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">an</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">zna-vir. mind-uri=mind-ori=mind-ver (svan). ur=or-vir=ver-svan:</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ver anu gim </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aris </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">miwa. S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ead. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">‘ver’ sityvaSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">tver, tveri, mtveri</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ese igi miwiani</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iori=iuri-iviri=iveri. naT. iveris=iuris-ivris-xeoba. vera=vere anu ur-a=or=e. wm. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">n</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">inos cx. 15: or-banTa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">=ur-bniTad=or-bniTad=ur-bnisad.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">h u r i. `javaxos aRaSena wunda da artani, romelsa maSin erqua qajTa</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qalaqi, xolo a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">w</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> hrqvian huri (q. cx. 20)~. kidev saxelebi sofelTa: ur, ura-veli, uravi, ur-Zuma, ur-jvari, uriaT-ubani, ur-sauri, urT-xva, urTa (mTaa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> [sofel]</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> xeTas da caiss Soris). </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Huristani=hurastani</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">=vrastani (saqarTvelo), ixileT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m. janaSvilis am xelnaweris </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gv. im. agreTve </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qveTavi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">VIII xald=qalT=qarT da gv. iT, SeniS</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">nv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tavi 2</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-is saTauria</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">winaswari cnobebi qaldur</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">lursmul </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">ZeglweraTa </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">Sesaxeb</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m. janaSvili wers: </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Cemi pirveli Txzuleba `cxovrebis zogi viTareba~ daibeWda `sasoflo gazeTSi~ 1877 wlis 17 agvistos. mas aqeT 54 welia vSromob saqarTvelos warsulis Seswavlaze.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Jurnal `imedSi~ 1881 wels ibeWdeboda Cemi werilebi `saqarTvelos mokle istoria~, romelic Semdeg (1884w.) calkec daibeWda. igive masala SevimuSaveT, SevavseT da gamoveciT 1894 welsac axali saTauriT, `saqarTvelos istoria~. orive</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gamocema bevrma moiwona, rogorc pirveli saxelmZRvanelo wigni, romliTac SeiZleboda qarTveli eris gavlil cxovrebis gaTvaliswineba. magram piradad Cven ar </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gvakmayofilebda Cven-mier dabeWdili wignebi da ukamyofilebis umTavresi mizezi-ki is iyo, rom wyaroebis uqonlobis gamo qarTveli eris istoriis Zveli xana bundad iyo warmodgenili da zRapars ufro hgavda, vidre istorias. am xanas Sesaxeb erovnuli matiane `qarTlis cxovreba~, romliTac vsargeblobT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, iZleva aseT cnobebs: qarTvelTa winaprebi movidneno </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">CrdiloeTSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">babilonidan, mere damyarda mamasaxl</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">isoba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da Se</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">deg mefoba mcxeTaSi. amis mets ara</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> iuwyeba matiane qarTveli eris cxovrebis Sesaxeb im uamrav saukuneebidan, romelTac gavles pirvel </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">q</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">arTvel </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tobelidam</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> vidre azomde. xarvezi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">friad didia </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(To</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">b</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eli 3242 wels</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">azo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> 324 wlidan!) da es xarvezi ver amoivseba raRac oriode cnobiT matianisa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. am yofaSi Cven mivediT im dask</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vnamde, rom Zveli drois Sesaswavlad saWiroa Segneba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, gaTvaliswineba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qarTveluri enisa. es iyo mizezi, rom Cveni kvleva-Zieb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is obi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eqtad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Seiqmna qarTveluri ena. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">j</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">er</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">isev 1845 wels</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sul viyaviT xe</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">dv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">amde, rom qarTveluri ena ariso qarTvelTa modgmis goneba, xolo </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">goneba-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">misi ena da istoria, rom qarTveluri</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> anu saerToqarTveluri</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ena ariso is saTave, romlidanac modiano misi kiloebi – qarT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">l</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">u</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">r</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i, megrul-Wanuri, svanuri, ingilouri</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(hereTisa)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da sxvani, da, maSasadame, unda yofiliyo dro, rodesac am </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saerTo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTvelur enaze metyvelebda mTeli q</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">rTveli modgma da miT gamosTqvamda Tvis Sexedulebas Tavis Tavsa, Tavis RmerT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sa Tu </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">bunebaze</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> sazogadod. raxan </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ase gamogvesaxa mniSvneloba am </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">en</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">isa, Cven gavaorkeceT ruduni mis safuZvlianad Sesaswvlad, SeZlebisamebr.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tan enas vswavlobdiT da Tan nair-nair werilebs vbeWdavdiT gazeTebSi, `droebaSi~ 1878 wlidan, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">`</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Кавказ</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">~-Si 1881 wlidan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">kidev daibeWda Cveni: `cnoba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">n</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i Zvel mwerlebTa kavkasiaze` (iv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eria</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. 1885, #87, `ra dros da saidan SemoiRes qarTuli anbani, iv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eria</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. 1887, ##113-128). `</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">o</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> реке Фисоне</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">~ (</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Нов. Обозр. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">1891 #2677) da mravali sxva.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">dabolos, SedarebiT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> masala rom gadavwereT, Sesdga aTas furclovani rv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">uli.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">amisTanave </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">masalis dabeWdva imave dros Turme ganezraxa ber</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">l</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">inel erkerts, romelsac amis Sesaxeb miemarTa d. ba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">q</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ra</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Z</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">isaTvis. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">misi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">SuamavlobiT gaimarTa miwer-mowera</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> me da erkerts Soris, movrigdiT, da Cven mier Sekruli masala mTlianad, Tumca </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mraval</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> koreqtur</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ul</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i SecdomiT, daibeWda calke tomad saTauriT: `</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Die Spache des Kaukasichen Stames</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">~</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> (Wien, 1895).</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">jer kidev 1899 wels berlineli profesori lemani Camovida tfilisSi da aqedan wavida vans</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> (amJamad TurqeTis respublikis SemadgenlobaSia is Zveli qalaqi vani n.f.)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qaldur warweraTa gad</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">asaReba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d fotografiulad. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Sroma </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Seasrula</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a dabrunda</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> tfilisSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. me vaswavlidi mas qarTul enas usas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">yidl</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">od da manac aRm</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tqva – usas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">yid</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">lod madlobiT gamogigzavnio Cems wigns qaldur warwereb</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ze</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> rom davbeWdavo. dabeWda 1900 wels. depeSiTac </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vTxove, xma ar gamca da dResac misi wigni ar maqvs</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Semd</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gomSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> muzeumSi vnaze </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is naSromi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">CitaZesTan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, romelSic misgan </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">`</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">A</font></span><span style="background-color:#00ff00; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">r</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">menien </font></span><span style="background-color:#00ff00; font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">simt</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> unda jetzt</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">~ (aseTi saTauri aqvs lehman-hauptis wigns. daibeWda 1900w.)</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gadmomiTargmna</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> sityvebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">: `1899 wel</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, zafxu</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">l</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Si, Tavazian </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">daxmarebas miwevda m. janaSvili</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Cems cdaSi Semegno qarTuli enis dasabami cnobebi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">janaSvilma, romelsac Tavis eris enisa da istoriis winaSe didi damsaxureba miuZRvis, gamosTqva is azri, rom qsenofontes karduxebi qarTvelebis winaprebad unda vaRiaroT.~ Cven</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">( ese igi, mose janaSvili)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> dResac imave azrisa varT, ro</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">melzed</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ac viyaviT</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">1899 wels. karduxebs erqvaT agreTve kardu, romelic unda iyos igive qarTu=qalTu=qalT=qarT (svan. qarT., qarT. qarTli=qarTi=qarT-ari).</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">” erTi qveTavia </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">Sedgeniloba sity</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">v</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">isa</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">qald=xald=qalT=qarT.</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gv. IX: `</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">am striqonebis damwers SeZleba hqonda savsebiT darwmunebuliyo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, rom ena qaldur lursmur </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Zeglwerisa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">~</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aris Zveli qarTuli.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Semdeg</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Si</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qalduri </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">te</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qstebis wakiTxva(</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sul</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">20 Zeglwer</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">isa)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> sruliad davamTavre da es saqme vauwye</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qarTvel sazogadoebas gavrcelebul gazeT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">“komunistis”</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(1924, #4) saSualebiT. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">warwerebis wakiTxva damTavrda da saWirod davinaxeT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">misTvis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">dagvewera</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> zogi ram gramatikuli formebi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saerTo</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTvelur-qaldur-sumeruli. agreTve, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">cnobebi Sesaxeb qarTvel modgmis tomTa, maT Tvis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ebis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a da RmerTebisa da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">daskvna</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, rom </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><b><font size="3">qarTvelni arian igive qaldni da miekuTvnebian sumerTa rasas. </font></b></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qveTavSi 3.10 saTauria `zogi ram qarTvelur gramatikidan da winapar</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Ta</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> saxelebis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Sesaxeb.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gv. 15-dan iwyeba Tavi 4. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gv. 18:</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> CrdiloeTi kavkasia SeerTebuli iyo To</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">b</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">elebis qveyanasTan. eg</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tive kavSiri unda hqoneboda</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tavridas(awindel yirims)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, vinaiTgan aqauri mTebi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">‘</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tavri</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">’</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> iyo gagrZeleba kavkasionisa da es ki</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Suamdinaris mTi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aneTi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, saxelad,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">‘</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Tav</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">r</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">isa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">’</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. Tavridis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(yirimis)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Tavri da Suamdinaris Tavri modis qarTuli sityvisgan Tavi, `Tauri.~</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m. janaSvilma ganixila qarTuli damwerlobis gamaumjobesebeli farnavaz mefis saxelis Sinaarsi; daeTanxma ‘qarTlis cxovrebis’ miTiTebas, rom farnavazma Tavisi Zegli dadga mTaze da uwoda Tavisi saxeli ‘armaz’, rac niSnavso </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">‘mzes’. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">f</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">arnavazis sakiTxi vrclad ganxilvas moiTxovs Cvens mierac, radgan CvenTvis cnobilia im farnavazis mier qalaq tarsinSi//tarsoSi aTiaTasobiT moWrili fulis//faras arseboba. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ramdenime maTgani muzeumebSia daunjebuli, magaliTad, qalaq kopenhagenSi, parizSi, berlinSi da sxvagan. farnavazis fulze aRbeWdilia misi sandomiani, momRimare saxe saTno gamometyvelebiT; gamowyobilia samxedro samoselSi, Cafxuti xuravs. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">f</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ulze qarTuli asomTavruli warweraa: kei-i f-z. mkvlevarma goCa asaTianma amoikiTxa da qaragmebis gaxsniT daadgina, rom weria ‘keisari farnavaz’. farnavazis monetebi daTarirebulia Zv.w.-iT meoTxe saukuniT mefes mokle wveri amSvenebs</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> waagavs Zveli Tbilisis ubanSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mtkvaris sanapiroze ramdenime wlis winaT dadgmul</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> farnavazis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> saxes</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> did qandakebaze. </font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTul enaSi fulis aRmniSnveli sityva ‘fara’ swored am farnavaz mefis saxels ukavSirdeba, Cemi mosazrebiT. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. janaSvilis zemoxsenebuli xelnaweris meTvramete gverdze weria</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">: amisTana cnobebis Semdeg,</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> safiqrebelia erTi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">STamomavlobisa iyos </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sityv</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ebi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> maziesi (mazisi) – fazisi (bJa=bza=mze) da </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">rom sityva </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">fazia – fazianadan gakeTebul iyos </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">[s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">axelwodeba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> kontinentisa n.f.] </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">‘</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">azia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">’</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, mniSvnelobiT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">“</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aRmosavleTi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T, viT dResac svanurSia le-Ja=m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">egrulad </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> bJaiole-sazeo, mziuri, samzeo (le-Ja)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, ese igi, mzis aRmosavleT mxaresTan mWidrod dakavSirebuli cneba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Sumeris, akkadis, qaldes samefos kulturis ganxilvisadmi miZRvnilia mose jana</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vilis arqivis aTasobiT gverdiani sayuradRebo masala. maTze muSaobas vagrZeleb. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Emegiruli damwerlobiT aRbeWdili literatures kvlevis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Ddargis miRwevebi m. janaSvilis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">moRvaweobis Semdgom, mraval qveyanaSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">kidev metad TvalsaCino</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gaxd</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a. ucxoelma mkvlevarebma amoikiTxes da gamoaqveynes parizSi, berlinSi, osloSi, CikagoSi, romSi, niuiorkSi, londonSi </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">daunJebuli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">asobiT teqsti lursmnuli damwerlobiT rom iyo aRbeWdili didi xnis winaT, Targmnes frangul, germanul, inglisur da sxva Tanamedrove ramdenime enaze. SeZlebisdagvarad Tvals vadevneb maT miRwevebs. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. janaSvilma didi codna SeiZina, rasac Tavi mouyara </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gamokvlevebSi, romelTa nawili dRemde gamouqveynebelia. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">u</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">pirvelesad aucilebelia misi .sumeruli’, mitanuri’, qarTlur-megrul-svanuri, SoTa rusTaveliseuli masalis, petriwis masalis sityvaTa ganmartebebis-leqsikonebis gamoqveyneba didi raodenobiT da xelmisawvdom fasad, raTa qarTvelebs mieceT saSualeba SeiTvison da gaiTvaliswinon saqmianobaSi maTSi daunjebuli codna. m. janaSvili </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ruseTis imperiis, Semdeg ki rusuli sabWouri imperiis boboqrobis wlebSi moRvaweobda. viciT, rom iZulebuli iyo gaeTvaliswinebina zogi mcdari, danaSaulebrivi antimecnieruli mosazreba zogi araqarTveli</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gaurkveveli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">warsul</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">is mqone</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mcire </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">jgufis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> enis sakiTxze, rodesac </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iTxzveboda da qveyndeboda</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">maTi warsulis sakiTxze d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">idtaniani istoriebi. xarvezebi an unda gaswordes simarTlis Sesabamisad, an gamoqveyndes swori SeniSnvebis TandarTviT. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">u</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">nda icodes qar</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">velma sazogadoebam m. janaSvilis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gamokvlevebis miRwevebica da naklovani</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">antiqarTuli mosazrebebisadmi misi damokidebulebac. gamoviyenoT misi miRwevebi.</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Miviviwyot cru varaudebi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m. janaSvilma wamoswia lursmnuli damwerlobiT aRbeWdil teqstebSi moxseniebuli qveyana ‘qarduniaS’-is qarTvelebis saxelmwifod arsebobis sakiTxi, risTvisac dasafasebelia. CemdaTavad vityvi, rom </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Zveli welTaRricxviT meore aTaswleulSi, kerZod, 1500-1300-i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">an wlebSi burnaburi, qadeSmani</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da sxva mefeebi TavianT Tavs qardus// qarduniaS qveynis mefeebad aRiarebdnen da amiT amayobdnen. dadasturebulia qardus saxelmwifos arseboba vrcel miwa-wyalze im ZvelTaZvel xanaSic. is gacilebiT Zvelia, vidre didi xnis Semdgom asureTis mefe TiglaT filasaris warweraSi moxseniebuli politikuri erTeulebi-diaoxi , kolxa, romlebic aaoxra. diaoxi da kolxa TbilisSi gamoqveynebul saxelmZRvaneloebSi qarTvelTa saxelmwifoebriobis uZveles nimuSebad miiCnevian. qarduniaSis//qardus ZvelTaZveli samefo aucileblad unda gaviTvaliswinoT xolme qarTveli eris mier Seqmnili saxelmwifoebis sakiTxTa farTo wris ganxilvisas. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">misken mogviwodebda mkvlevari mose janaSvili. erT-erT JurnalSi axlaxan wavikiTxe lursmnuli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">damwerlobiT aRbeWdili cnoba ZvelTaZvel dros qveyana “kolixiTi”-s jaris saqmianobaze. imJamindeli kolxeTis didi nawili amJamindeli saqarTvelos respublikis samxreTiT mdebare vrcel aresac moicavs xsenebuli teqstiT. didi stiqiuri movlenis, “warRvnis” saxeliT cnobili didi wyaldidobis kvali 1926 wels aRmoaCina londonelma arqeologma leonard vullim. mis erT-erT wigns ewodeba “xaldebis qveyana uri” da aRwerilia arqeologiuri gaTxrebis mimdinareoba misive xelmZRvanelobiT. misi meore wignia “miviwyebuli samefo”, sadac rukaze aRbeWda samef</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">o qarduniaS -</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> qarduebis samefo, romelic samxreTiT, deda-mdinareebis: puranunusa da idiganas( Tu idiyanas) SesarTaviT </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qaldes yureze, Semdeg ki q</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aldes okeaneze gadioda. im kuTxidan okeaniT navebiT gadahqondaT tvirT</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i qimeTis// gimeTis samefoSi. (</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gimeTi Zveli egviptis saxelwodebaa imJamindel mkvidrTa enaze). amiT aixsneba, rom navis qarTuli(kerZod, megruli) saxelwodeba “ niSi” ZvelTaganve damkvidrda gimeTSic da kunZul kuratozec//kretazec( amJamad im kunZuls ewodeba “kreta” da ekuTvnis mimdebare kunZuli, romelsac saxelad amJamadac “koloxiTo” anu kolxeTi hqvia iqauri samogzauro biuros sainterneto gzamkvlevis monacemebiT. navis saxeli “niSi” kunZul kuratos( kurato kuros, kurats anu sanaSene mamr msxvilfexa saqonels niSnavs qarTulad) anu kretas qalaq FfaTis// faisTos// festos mefis sasaxleSi mopovebul mrgval Tixis nivTze// diskoze aRbeWdil suraT-xatovan( ieroglifur) warweraSic ixsenieba. is nivTi iqve 19</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">08</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> wels arqiteqtorma da arqeologma luiji perniem aRmoaCina. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">misi teqstis amokiTxva asobi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> mkvlevarma scada. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">saukeTesoa qarTveli mkvlevaris-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> gia qvaSilavas, mier amokiTxuli teqsti, romelic moxsenda londonSi festos diskos amokiTxvis sakiTxisadmi miZRvnil saerTaSoriso yrilobaze da didi mowoneba da aRiareba daimsaxura. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qarTebis miwa-wyalze mopovebulia ZvelTaZveli saxelmwifo samoxeleo sabeWdavebi mTesvelebis, mxvnelebis gamosaxulebebiT. qvaze asaxulia qarTebis mefis dalocva venaxSi winare mefis mier. qarTebis erovnuli RvTaebebi enqi, en-lile ZvelTaZvel </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">nivTebze saxvneli mowyobilobiT arian asaxulni. “xani” qarTulSi, kerZod, suanurSi niSnavs “xars”, “xanua” niSnavs xvnas//xanvas; megrulSi imaves niSnavs “xonua”. Tixis filebze lursmanisebri damwerlobiT asaxulia teqsti qerisa da xorblis// qobalis zecidan Camotanaze RvTaeba en-liles mier mTianeTSi, saidanac gaavrceles misma Svilebma barSic. miwaTmoqmedebaze mijaWvuli qarTi eris </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mTeli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ZirZveli miwa-wyalis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">dabrunebaze, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">movla</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sa</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da patronoba</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ze zrunva</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> misi mTavari movaleoba da daniSnulebaa.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Zeglwerebis dgomareoba da maTi wakiTxvis siZneleebi m. janaSvilma gan</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ixila 69-e gverdze( saqme #149):</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Znelad Tu romelime Zeglwera Senaxuli iyos Tavandeli saxiT mTlianad. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">omtvrevia an Tavi, an bolo, an Sua. Amis gamo aklia an er</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i-ori sityva, an</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eli striqoni, an striqonebi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mas emateba kidev is, rom daSTenili teqsti Zeglwerebisa Cawerilia laTinur anbaniT, romelsac ar abadia iseTi asoebi, viT y, q, w, W, S, x, T, R, Z, j,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">C da sxvani. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">y</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">uruni</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> laTinurad iwereba </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">kuruni</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">qali</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><i><font size="3">”</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ”</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">kali</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> da misebr sxva sityvebic, darTviT wertilisa asos qvemo an xazisa zemo. magaliTad, giS-Suri-e, eri-du-a-hi da sxva. Amas garda, yovel Zeglweris dasawyisSi, </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">x</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">an striqonebis Tavs an striqonSi da Zeglweris bolos svamen asos d. D</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">da a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">cxadeben es ariso ideogramma da unda mixvde ZeglweraSi misTana adgilebSi ra id</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a anu azri iqneboda. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sreve iqceodnen qar</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ul</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> te</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">qstis gadamwerebic: teqstis T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">avSi, xan yovel sityvis bolos dasvamdnen xolme asos q. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a es niSnavda ”qristesiT” da teqsts araviTar azrs ar hmatebda, da Zeglwerebis </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d-ons aseTi mniSvneloba hqonda Tu sxvanairi, wamkiTxvelis unarianobazea migdebuli.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> teqstSi gvxvdeba bevri Zveleburi qarTuli sityva da forma, raic isev aZnelebs </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Z</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eglweraTa swor </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">gagebas da swor wakiTxvas. erT Z</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">eglweraSia, magaliTad, iStini, romelic aRarsadaa darCenili garda saingilosi, saca istini niSnavs gaviwvdine, vixmare. Giistiun, giistiun, giistiuna=gaviwvdine, gaiwvdine, gaiwvdina. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">tiina=wdiina-wvdena. ”xini”-s Ze</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">d Targmnian: menua ispuinixini=menua ispuinis Ze. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">m</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">agram ZeglweraSi gvxvdeba agre</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ve ”menua ispuiniexi” da amasac Targmnian ispuinis Zed</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">! </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">teqstebSi gvxvdeba qalaqi lueruxini. Cans, qaldurSi daboloeba xini sulac ar yofila Ze. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">r aqceven yuradRebas mravalgvar cvlilebas qarTvelur enaSi, magaliTad, svanur</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Tan-xan=qarTlur TvaliT-gan=ingilour. Toligni-Tolisgni. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vanur</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Sia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> Ja-ya-x, xa-ya-x ingilour</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Sia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> G</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">g</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">-yava-y, h-yava-y, palemfsetebis</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">( tyavze naweri, razec meored sxva teqsts aweren SemdgomSi) qarTuliT aris</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> g-yav-T, x-yav-T. ingilourSia var-y, xar-y, aris-y da sxva. qarTlurSia var-xolme, xar-xolme da sx. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">y</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">vela amis da amisTanas ucodinari ereva saqmeSi da cdilobs aramarto teqstis mowodebas</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ise, rogorc aris daSTenili, aramed Tavis ycodinarobiT ufro abnelebs naanderZev teqsts. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ba ras gaigebs kaci amgvar Targmanidan: #417: xaldini</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(rusulad bogu xaldi), xaldi(bogu xaldi), xaldinini (boJestv. xaldiniiam), xaldime (bog xaldi). #424: xaldie (bogu xaldi), xaldia (bogu xaldi). #452: xaldieni (bogu xaldi). </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s imas hgavs, rom </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sityva </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">RmerTic gesmodes Rm</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">rTad, RmerTnic RmerTad, RmerTisaganac RmerTad, RmerTianac RmerTad! adiSis saxarebaSi gvxvdeba </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">nacvalsaxeli </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iginini. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">xvagan mis magier</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> aris </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> iginni=igenni, maT badlad qarTveli kaci ambobs kidev igeni, igini, ageni, aginni, da sx</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">va. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">seve modis qalduris daboloebani nini: qaldini, qaldinini, qaldieni, qaldiSe, qaldia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">(</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> viT igia=igi ars</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">; daboloeba Se (qaldiSe) megrul-WanurSi modis mniSvnelobiT naTesaobi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">Ti</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> brunvisa: qaldis=qaldisa an qaldisagan. koCiSe-kacis, kacisa-gan, kacigni. jaSe=xis, xisa. qarTvelurSi a da e icvlebian, zogjer (kiloebSi) modis a an e: a-ar-arTi=e-er-erTi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">seve: qaldiSe=qaldisa, qaldiS=qaldis. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">sreve:</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> xaldie=xaldia. SeadareT var=va, =voreq =veq</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> xar=xa, oreq eq</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ar=a</font></span> <span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> ore e.=a=e</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">SeadareT kidev: ars=arn. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ria-n=svan. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">ri-x.</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">o</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">rde-s=orte-s= svan. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">rda-x=(qarTl.) iyvne-s=iyvnen.</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">”TualTai”</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">:</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> romeli dgas(gv.7)-dgan zeTi igi(26). MmravlobiTSi</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">:</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3"> dganan(7.34)</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. m. janaSvilis naSromebi qaldebis, xetebis, sumerebis kulturaze Zirfesvianad sakvlevia</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">. ganvagrZob maTze musaobas.</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">L</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">l</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">iteratura</font></span></p><ol type="1"><li style=" text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">mose janaSvilis arqivi saqarTvelos xelnawerTa erovnul centrSi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">aqme #149;</font></span></li><li style=" text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">imave fondis saqme #148;</font></span></li><li style=" text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">imave fondis saqme #155</font></span><span style="font-family:'AcadNusx'"><font size="3">a da 155b</font></span></li></ol><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:right"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">17</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:0pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p></div><br>NATELA POPKHADZEhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13568269499155042696noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1993044457595238899.post-24292376452469921562009-07-10T08:55:00.001-07:002009-07-10T08:55:39.479-07:00Qaldeian<div class="Section1"><p style=" margin-left:36pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Natela B. Popkhadze</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:36pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><font size="3">The Name of the Country of King Lugalbanda and His </font></b></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><font size="3">S</font></b></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><b><font size="3">on Gilgamesh</font></b></span></p><p style=" margin-left:36pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> </font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:36pt; margin-right:0pt"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Texts written in cuneiform </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">script </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">say that Kulaba</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> (ku-la-ba)</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> was the name of the area where </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">at </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">first Lugalbanda, later his son Gilgamesh ruled</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> in the lo</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">wlands of the rivers Puranunu and Idigana. Thus Kula-ba is the name of the country ruled by Lugalbanda, and, after him, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">by </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Gilgamesh</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Who was Ku</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">la? </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">The </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">cuneiform </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">text en</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">t</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">t</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">led </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">Enqi and the World Order</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">tells that god Enqi pinched a piece of clay and mo</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">lded</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, created </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">from it </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">the god of bricks and architecture</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">at large, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">and called it </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Kula</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. This god </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Ku</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">la was especially expected to</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> supervise the building of temples</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> to gods</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. T</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">he first building created by Ku</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">la was </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">naturally </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">the temple </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">dedicated to his creator, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">to </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">his </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">father</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. That was</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> god Enqi </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">and th</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">at</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> first temple was built </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">in Eridu//Eri-du. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">The name of this first city of the nation that lived there seems to be a two-part word. The first part in Eri-du is </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">eri</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">The word </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">eri</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> is explained </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">in </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Sumerian-Kartvelian, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Sumerian-English, Sumerian-French dictionaries </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">to mean </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">‘people’</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, ‘a group of people’</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">that </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> sometimes </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">eri</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> means </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">an army</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">The names of beloved towns are</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> immortalized by their creator</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> nation</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> by naming other towns afterwards</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. The town called Eri-du is </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">nowadays </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">also in the area situated rather far </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">north </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">from the first Eri-du. It is near the town Gori </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">(some 40 km from Tbilisi-the capital of the Republic of Kardu//</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">-</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">kardu</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">-elo//Georgia). Kardu//Kartu is the root and </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">sa</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> is a prefix and –</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">elo</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> is a suffix in </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">the name </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Sa-kartu-elo.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">My aim is to draw the attention of the scientists to an interesting fact that the ancient word </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">eri</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">encounter</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">ed in </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">the literature attested in </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">cuneiform script is preserved to this day in the mother tongue of </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">the </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">ethnic </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> Kola-qi//Kolqi//Colchian//</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Kardu//Kartu//Kartu-e</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">li nation in the same meanings</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> it had in III millennium BCE</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">: </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">1</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">.</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">eri</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">=</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">a nation//an ethnicity; </font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">2. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">er</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">i</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">-a national army</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, a synonym </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">of the</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">modern Kartuli word </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">jari</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. </font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">There is a </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">definite </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">distinction between </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">modern </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Kartvelian words </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">eri</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">khalkhi</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">and , on the other hand, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">mosakhleoba</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">-</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">at least during </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">XIX-XXI</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> centuries</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. In publications, political appeals ‘Kartveli </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">eri</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">’ </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">has been</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> understood to</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> mean</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> a congregation of ethnic Kartvelians</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">:</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> the Kolkhians</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">//Colchians</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">( the Suani//Svans Margalians//Megrels, the Lazians, the Tchanians-and the Eastern Kartvelians. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">The </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">E</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">astern Kartvelian</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> is a </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">clearly nondefined</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">term used </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">by</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> modern scientists to denote the ethnic Kartvelians that are indigenous in the area situated in the Eastern part of the Modern Republic of Kartu//Kardu//Sakartuelo//Georgia. In 1918-1921 the Eastern Georgia included</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, besides that,</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> half of the Modern republic of Azerbaijan. The term Azerbaijan itself is a corruption of the word known as Adribezhan</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> in 1780-ies. Moreover, that Adribezhan</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> was not at the Caspian</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> lake</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> at all</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, but </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">was </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">in what is </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">M</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">iddle Iran nowadays. Historically the indigenous </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">territory of the </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">nation//</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">eri </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">called the Kola//Colchians//Suanians//Margali//Megrelians//Kartvelians//Lazians</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">includes</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> the entire </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> area of </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Mesopotamia, </font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">both Caucasias( at the eastern and </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">at the </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">western sides of the Caspian </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">L</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">ake(the Caspian “Sea”), </font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">the Aia peninsula(</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">modern</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> Crimea), </font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">the basin of the </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">river </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Hypanis( now the river Dniepr</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> basin in the </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Republic called </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Ukraina//Okraina)</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">he ethnicity of the </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Kartu-eli </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">eri</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">I will hereafter designate Aiakardu//Aiakartu </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">eri</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">//ethnos. It is</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> traditionally determined here by Kartvelian</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">//Aiakartvelian</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> ethnic origin of </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">both</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> father and mother, i.e. that of the ethnicity of both parents of a person</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> or, at least, that of a father</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">(while ethnicity of</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> the mother</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">is not crucial)</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">Kartveli khalkhi</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">is a synonym of </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">Kartveli </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">eri</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> and means the congregation of ethnic Kartvelian persons</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> that live anywhere in the world and not only in what is a Republic of Georgia//Sakartuelo in XX century</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">On the other hand, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">Sakartvelos mosakhleoba</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> is a </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">local </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">term for </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">the population of Georgia</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, of</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">the </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">entire (</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Kartvelian and </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">N</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">on-kartvelian </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">)</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">inhabitants of the Republic </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">of</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> Sakartvelo//Georgia. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Summing up the aforesaid, the word </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">eri</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> attested in texts carved in cuneiform script</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> has retained its meaning </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">only i</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">n </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">M</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">odern Kartvelian language. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">No other modern language is known to me where </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">eri </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">is in </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">its</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> lexical fund and has the meaning</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">nation//ethnicity</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> of the </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">word used in </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">millennia-old texts written in the cuneiform script. Other</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">mutual </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">words attested in </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Modern Kar</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">du//</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Aiakartu language</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> and in the language of the Ancient Karduniash </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">encompassing Mesopotamia, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">known also as Kola//Kolkhiti[m] in </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">cuneiform scrip</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">t are</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3"> an, ki//qi, mare, khan//han, shara, </font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">gal, nin</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> and over 200 other words </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">according to M</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">ikheil</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> Tsereteli</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. The</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">se words</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> are</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> used in modern </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Aiak</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">art</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">u</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> language variants to these days</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> both in literature and as words of the colloquial language</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">The word ‘colloquial’ in modern Kolk</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">h</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">ian Kartvelian </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">language variant </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">is ‘</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">A</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">masil</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">’, while in cuneiform texts </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">it </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">is ‘</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">E</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">mesal’; </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">E</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">mesal and </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">A</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">masil are surely </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">identical words that are pronounced in the same way for millennia and have the same meaning-</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">that of </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">the </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">colloquial</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3"> language</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">This </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">is</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> not accidental</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> and has deep historical roots of the same </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">eri</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">//nation</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. To th</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">e </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">investigation of the </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">great number of such words common in Modern Kartvelian language variants and </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">in </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">the Sumerian, Akkadian, H</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">urri</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">an</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">,</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">M</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">.</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> Tsereteli dedicated decades since 1920-ies. He learned the Sumerian </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">language and </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">literature in Germany and in England. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">An ethnic Kar</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">du//Kart</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">tveli </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">//Aiakardu </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">man</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, a stranger to him,</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> financed his studies</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> due to the recommendation of Ivane Javakhishvili</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. M.Tsereteli published a vast work </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">about the Sumeria</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">n language </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">in English in 1912-1913 in </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">several issues of </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">t</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">he Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Oliver Wardrop helped him to translate it from Kartuli into English. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">His </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">works on this theme were published in Kartuli</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">as well</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">M. Tsereteli</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> translated the Epic of Gilgamesh and published it in Kartuli </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> language </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">in 1924 </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">in Constantinopol. At that moment</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> that epic was translated only in</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">to</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> English, French, German. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Modern Kartuli was the fourth language in which the Epic called Gilgamesh was translated. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Publications of </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">M. Tsereteli</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> are</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">taught, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">studied and cited in modern Sakartvelo. He has followers. As a member of the government of </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">the independent Republic of </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Sakartvelo, after the invasion of the Red Army and occupation of the </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Georgian </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Republic, M. Tsereteli </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">left for </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">a </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">short time as he thought, and </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">lived in </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">emigrat</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">ion</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> abroad. Due to his emigration he was declared an enemy of the </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Soviets and of the </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">USSR; hence his name </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">and his works </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">became unmentionable in the USSR. H</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">e died in Germany and wrote a will where pleaded to bury his ashes in his ancestral village in Sakartuelo. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">This will ought to be fulfilled some day. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">H</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">is </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">archive </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">kept abroad </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">is lost. His </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">son foug</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">ht on the German side and was killed at the end of the war. His </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">niece Giorgi Tsereteli became </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">an </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">O</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">rientalist</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> and </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">the first director of the </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Oriental Institute in Tbilisi</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. S</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">tudies of texts written in the cuneiform script continued in Tbilisi. Nino Samsonia published a monograph in Kartuli language on M. Thereteli’s studies. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">M. Tsereteli is supposed to be the second ethnic Kartvelian of the first decades of the XX century that learned the language and literature of texts written in cuneiform script. The other was Alexandre Svanidze- the brother of the </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Kartvelian </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> first </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">wife</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> of Ioseb Jughashvili</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">//Joseph Stalin</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. She died at birth of her first child Iacob</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> Jughashvili</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">;</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">A young soldier Iacob was </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">captured</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">and killed</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> by the Germans during the war</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. A. Svanidze </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">studied at the university in Germany. He </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">was imprisoned </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">later </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">by the Soviets and killed. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">A. Svanidze</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> publi</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">shed his own works</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> on the affinity of the Kartveli nation </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">with</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> the ancient Sumerians in </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">the </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Kartuli</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">language </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">and in </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">the </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Russian </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">language</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">In 2009 </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">I came across a commentary </font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">in the dissertation thesis of Ketevan Genebashvili </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">where</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">among the unpublished works of the Kartvelian scientist</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> Mose Janashvili </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">(1855-1934) the Sumerian-Modern Kartvelian dictionary was mentioned. My interest was aroused by that note and </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">after </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">talking with almo</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">st every scientist that is now i</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">nvolved in the studies of the culture of the Ancient Near East</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> in Tbilisi</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, especially texts</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> written in ancient Kola, Sumer, Karduniash, Hurri, Urartu</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, it appeared </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">to me </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">that M. Janashvili is unknown in Sakartvelo and elsewhere in this aspect</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">-as a Sumerologist</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> and Chaldeologist//Urartologist</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">With the permission of the scientists working </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">n the cuneiform studies in Tbilisi</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">( there are non</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> in other areas of this Republic)</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, I started reading and analyzing the material in the archive of M. Janashvili kept at the Centre of Manuscripts in Tbilisi</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. I ha</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">ve analyzed five books prepared for publication and</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> written with the hand of M. Janashvili in various years </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">between</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> 1</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">880</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> and </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">1934. Two of them are translated from Kartuli into Russian by that author </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">himself </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">as the Russian language was considered in the USSR to be the most appropriate international language to reach a vast audience. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">M. Janashvili turned to the riches of the </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">words </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">in several</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">variants of the </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Aiak</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">artuli language. The entire lore of these variants </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">where</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> called </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">by him </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">‘the Kartvel</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">uri( Kartvelian)</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> language’; </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">another term-</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">Kartuli language</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> he retained </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">only </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">for the Modern Literary Language variant in which the laws in the republic called Sakartvelo were </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">and are</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> published. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">The term </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">Aiakartu</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> coined by me with two words Aia+Kartu is better than the term </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">Kartveluri</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">( Kartvelian) in </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">M. Janashvili</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">’ wo</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">rks because the significant political-geographical ancient term</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">Aia</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> is lost and ignored in his term Kartveluri. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">M. Janashvili</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> has revealed many instances of identities and/or </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">affinitie</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">s among </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">words </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">and word-formants </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">of the </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Modern Kartvelian</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">//Aiakartu</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> language vari</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">nts and words known from te</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">xts written in cuneiform script</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> in </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">the </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Ancient Near East. He </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">is the first ethnic Kartu to have </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">translated Laws of Hammurabi</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">//Ammurapi</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> from transliterated original text into modern </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">literary </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Kartu</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">//Kartu</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">li language; </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">he </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">translated </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">from the original into Modern Kartuli </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">also</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> 20</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> texts written//carved by kings of Khaldia//Khaldea</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">:</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> Menua,</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> Argisti etc., compiled a Mita</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">nian-Modern Kartuli</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> and , besides, Khaldeian-Modern Kartuli dictionaries, using publications of </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">French and </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">German scientists </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">and his knowledge of the Kartvelian language variants </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">mainly. His unprinted book </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">The </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">K</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">artvel</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">ian Nation in the Ancient World</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> is very important f</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">o</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">r understanding the culture, history of the area </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">starting </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">from the river Nile </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">and stretching </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">to the East including the Ancient </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Karduniash, Cola//Colchis, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Media, Sagartia. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Basing his views on historical facts, he claimed that </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Media and Sagartia were </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">also</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> the</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> political entities created by the Kolkhian//Kartvelian nation</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> and remained Kartvelian for millennia. I agree with this deduction. Ignorant of M. Janashvili’s unpublished works on this topic, I lost decades in my </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">own </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">research and came to the conclusion of M. Janashvili written in his work The Kartvelian Nation in the Ancient World</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">.</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> I have </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">prepared</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> a 20 page review, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">two analyse</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> of </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">12 manuscripts </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">from the archive of M. Janashvili</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">concerning the</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> cuneiform studies.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Both are</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">written </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">in </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">the </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Kartuli language ready for publication. I </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">intend to</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> translate both papers into English to arouse the international interest to the works of M. Janashvili. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">His deductions </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">are based on facts and </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">on </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">the analysis of th</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> data. He worked very hard on the above-mentioned topics for over five decades, gathered great knowledge in th</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">is </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">field</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> of science</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. Use of the unpublished works of M. Janashvili </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">in previous decades </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">would have spared me and many others decades of </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">work on</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> Sumerian, Akkadian, Khaldeian, H</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">urri, Urartian</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">data </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">and </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">adjacent</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> themes. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">We were unaware of his pioneering works and lost decades in doing the same work and with substantially less effect. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Ignor</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">nce of cuneiform studies of this person among the historians working in this republic is more amazing considering that he always studied and worked in Sakart</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">u</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">elo and </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">never left it even for a day. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">R</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">eturn</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">ing</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> to the topic of the title of this report </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">I desire to</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> draw the attention of the scientists to </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">the following</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> fact : Kula ought to be pronounced ‘Kola’ in texts written in cuneiform script</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">; it i</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">s long known from science literature</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. The fact that ‘u’ was pronounced ‘o’ </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">in cuneiform texts </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">is universally accepted</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">-</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> as much as I know</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. The texts </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">written in cuneiform script </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">say that the first town in the world</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> known to the</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> ancients</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> at that moment</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> was Eridu in the lowland of the rivers call</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">ed the Puranunu and the Idigana. These rivers were renamed much</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> later </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">into ‘</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">the E</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">uphrate</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">’</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> and </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">‘</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">the Tigr</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">is</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">’</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. The god of architecture-Kula</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">//Kola</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, was born, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">was </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">created </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">from a piece of clay </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">there. The same </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">town </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Eri-du is, according to the texts, the place where the first kingdom was attested when god Enqi lowered the royal insignia (the crown, the scepter, the throne) from the sky.</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> The name of the god of the architect of the first city</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Eri-du ( Kula) seems to me to have a link to the large geographical a</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">rea mentioned later as Kul</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">u</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">khiti[m] </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">in </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">texts written in </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">cuneiform </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> script </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">and</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">,</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> later, as Kol</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">-qi,Kolkheti, Kola, Colchis in se</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">veral scripts and several langua</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">ges ( </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">ancient and </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">modern Kartu-li</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, ancient Hellenic, Latin etc.</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">)</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> for a national//ethnic indigenous territory of the Colchians//Kola-qi-ans( </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">this is </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">the nation of king Aieetes</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">//Aieti</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, of his sister Cir</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">c</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">ea</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">//Tsirtsea the </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> ruler of the Isle of Aia(modern Crimean peninsula), of Aiettes’s daughter Medeia//Medea</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">The part of Kola ruled by her was named after her as </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">M</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">edia</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. Her son succeeded her there</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">The theme of king Aiettes and his family is thoroughly treated in the works of M. Janashvili. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">My attention was attracted to the geographical area called ‘kullihitim’ mentioned </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">by</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">W.H.</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Van Soldt </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">in ZA [</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">1992 82 30</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">]</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">hat publication </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">is </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">available at the Ilia Chavchavadze National Parliamentary library of</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> Kartu//Sa-kartu-elo in Tbilisi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">The area called ‘kola’ is mentioned </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">in the area of the source of the river Mtkuari//Kura </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">in an anonymous text written in Kartuli language in 270-ies CE and entitled ‘Tsamebai 9 krmata </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">Kola</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">-elta</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">’ </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">( </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">‘</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">The Martyrdom of Nine Children that Lived in the </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">Kola</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> Region</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">’</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">) </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">This is about children that attracted by the songs, chants of the Christians in their village, were baptized secretly by them, left their homes and stayed with the Christians</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> unwilling to return to their parents</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. The parents fetched them</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">but unable to persuade them to stay, live in their homes, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">dragged them to a di</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">t</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">ch at night</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> and killed them</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> throwing them into the same pit</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">The English translation of this text is available on</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> the web</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> The </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">manuscript of the </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">text has a date </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">written on it. The date is</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> 270 CE</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">; I learned </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">about th</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">at</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> date of this text</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">from Valeri Silogava’s </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">oral </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">report at the presentation of the book-entitled </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">Adishis Otkhtavi</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. Adishi is a name of the village where th</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> ancient Kartvelian//Iberian//Georgian text </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">Adishis Otkhtavi </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">is kept</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> from ancient time to this day</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">The texts written in cuneiform scr</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">pt sometimes mention </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">the word </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">kuptar</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. In </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Hittite </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">glossaries </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">kuptar</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> is explained to be ‘an offering’. The meaning of ‘kuptar’ in modern-day </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Kartvelian language in the</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Republic of </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Georgia) may shed some more light on </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">the exact meaning of </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">that millenn</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">ia-old word. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">In modern Sakartvelo </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">kuptar </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">is a round</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, medium-sized</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> bakery; it looks like flat bread. Very finely chopped beef and dry greens called ‘dzira’ </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">in Kartuli language </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">and the like </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">greens </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">are added to that meat and then baked</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> rapped in the dough</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. The beef ought to </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">be of superb parts of meat and ought to </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">have some fat</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> on that meat. Lean beef ought be </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">not </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">used for kuptar</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. It may be interesting to scientists that kuptar is dedicated to the national d</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">ei</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">ties </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">of the Kartvels</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">:</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> to Lile</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">//En-Lile, to Aia. I</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">n modern</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> times </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> kuptar </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">bakery </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">is dedicated </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> also </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">to </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">the Orthodox Christian saints</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> an</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">d consumed at their festivities</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. People may treat themselves t</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">o</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> kuptar any day nowadays as it is baked and sold at many places in the city of Tbilisi in </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">akartvelo. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">God Enki//Enqi is still often mentioned when the </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Kartveli </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">children in Tbilisi play and say a rhyme: </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">Enki, </font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">Benki, sikli, sar, Enki, Benki, B</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">a</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">u</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. Enki </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">and Bau are</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> god</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">s</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, sikli and sar are me</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">sures used for the millennia</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> by </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">the </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">nation-the Kolkhians//Kola-ki-ans// Georgians//Iberians</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">A song was written by a composer in Tbilisi </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">in 1970-ies </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">that started with the above-mentioned ancient rhyme: Enqi, Benqi</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, Sikli, Sar, Enqi, Benqi, Ba</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">u-</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> followed by modern phrases: Dgeni sikmatsvilisa gavida etc. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">T</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">hat song is very popular</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> to this day</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. The fact how deeply rooted the ancient national beliefs </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">are </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">in Sakartuelo is apparent from a real story told by a musicologist Ioseb Zhordania </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">in his report </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">at the International Conference in Traditional Music in Tbilisi in 2008: the Kartveli alpinist Mikheil Khergiani happened to be in a dangerous situation over a steep cliff covered with ice at the </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">famous </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Ushba mountain in Sakartvelo. He was always the first in the group</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> leading the way to the top. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">At a certain moment he shouted down to </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">his team</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> to unfasten the</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">mselves from the common</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> rope of the alpinists</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">( if he fell from the cliff, he would perish alone without dragging others with him)</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">.</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> T</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">he team obeyed the leader. Soon they heard him humming a hymn to god Lile in a low voice. A member of the team told others that it was apparent that M. Khergiani was in great danger</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, because</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> he hummed that hymn to Lile </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">appealing to him for divine aid </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">while climbing</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">-</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> only when he was on the verge of a disaster. Hence the team fastened the</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">mselves</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> to the </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">common</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> rope again and shouted upstairs that they did so and if </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">M. Khergiani w</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">ould</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> fall from the cliff, the team either w</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">ould</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> stop his fall with the rope or w</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">ould willingly</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> perish with him. M. Khergiani at last found the way up. Soon the rest of the team followed</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> up the steps cut by M. Khergiani</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. In that critical situation it was not Christ, St. Mary, St. George or any Christian saint</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> or Mohammed</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, but a millennia-old national </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Aiakartuelian </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">diety Lile(En-Lile) that th</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">ose</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> Kartvels consciously appealed for help. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">To the delight of the students, m</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">illennia-old</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> seals </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">were </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">excavated in this Republic </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">near the town Gori </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">in 2009 </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">by a team of archaeologists from the Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">and in 1950-ies </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">by other Kolkhian//Georgian archaeologists </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> in another region of Sakartvelo</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">; these seals are clearly of ancient Mesopotamian nature</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> and prepared locally. T</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">hey are without cuneiform inscriptions and have geometric and other engravings on them. The archaeologist working at </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">the site near </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Gori is Vakhtang Licheli. His third-year student found two seals in the building of an excavated hall in a pot </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">placed on</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">the</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> alt</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">r. Seals excavated at a far-away site in anothe</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">r area of the Georgian Republic</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> are investigated by another Georgian archaeologist Goderdzi Narimanishvili. These seals were the topics of </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">presentations and reports of </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">these archaeologists at several local-Republican, as well as at the International conferences held in Tbilisi</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> at the </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Tbilisi </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">University. The seals excavated near Gori were analyzed by Nino Samsonia-a coauthor of the reports and papers of V. Licheli in this </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">instance</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. She teaches </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">the </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Sumerian</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> language and literature</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">and Ancient Near Eastern Art </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">at the Tbilisi University. She qualified in Ancient Near Eastern Studies at the Oxford University with Nicholas Postgate. A large map of the Ancient Near East </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">depicting the kingdom called Karduniash in Mesopotamia </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">is </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">hanging</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> on the wall of the room at the Tbilisi University where cuneiform script and Sumerian, Akkadian, H</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">urri, H</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">etti</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">c</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, Ancient Egyptian languages and</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> literatures are taught by several scientists. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">I was present recently when the students under </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">the</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> supervision </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">of N. Samsonia </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">made seals from clay for themselves, engraved images of the star of Inana//Ninana, gazels, flowers, Utu, li</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">o</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">ns, cuneiform si</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">g</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">ns etc. Thin clay rectangular objects were also made of clay </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">by the</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">se </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">dubsar</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">students </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">and Gudea’s texts inscribed on them. I engraved the word </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">Aia</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> in cuneiform signs. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">We colored </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">some </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">white clay with blue paint and then made inscribed seals from it. All were </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">engaged </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">and delighted with the results after the works </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">were </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">dried in the air. Now these objects are </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">ex</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">h</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">ibits</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> of the room at the University. The idea of molding clay seals with cuneiform inscriptions in blue </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">occurred</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> to me after seeing </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">in a journal </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">a photo of a student with </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">a </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">blue seal hanging from her neck and made with her own hands</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> in the USA</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Excerpts from the </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Lugalbanda cycle and from the </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Gilgamesh cycle </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">attest that their kingdom was</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> called Kula-ba</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">There is surely an incessant link from the Kula-ba of Lugalbanda and Kula-ba of Gilgamesh, and Kulikhiti[m] of the cuneiform text mentioned in </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">W.H.</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Van Soldt’s publication in ZA, and Kola of the text entitled </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">The Mart</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">y</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">rdom of the Nine</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">Children from Kola Area</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">written in </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">the </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Kartuli script in </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">the </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Kartuli language </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">by the Kartveli author in 290</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">C</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">E</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, Kola area in modern-day Artaani area, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">the city CLH//Calhu//Colhu in upper Mesopotamia, the kingdom of Colchis//Kolakheti//Kolkheti </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">and modern Kolkheti region in the Republic of Sakartvelo//Sa-</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">kartu</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">-elo. T</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">he history of the studies in cuneiform inscriptions </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">by </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">modern </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Kartvels starts from the Kartveli wife of </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">a</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">n Italian</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> traveler </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Patri</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">z</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">io della Valle that </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">in XVII century </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">gave the inscribed stones </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">found on their way </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">to Patrizio and insisted that</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> he hand it to linguists </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">in </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">large cities so that she would learn what and by who was inscribed on them. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">I </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">c</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">onsider</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> the action of that lady called Tina in childhood, and later, Mariucha//Maria, the natural call of the ancestral impulse, the desire to learn what her ethnic ancestors desired to tell her and her kin by these writings. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">She was kidnapped by alien invaders and sold abroad at the age of eight.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">This lady provoked </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">the public</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> interest in the cuneiform inscriptions. Others followed in </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">her</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> effort and the success arrived</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">-cuneiform script was deciphered</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. King of Sakartvelo</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> D</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">avit</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">( died in 1819)-</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> son of King of Sakartvelo </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Giorgi XIII, the grandson of King of Sakartvelo Erekle II, was imprisoned by the people of the Russian emperor in Tbilisi </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">in 1801</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">and sent out from his kingdom to Russia together with all relations that could </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">ever </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">claim </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">back </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">the throne of Sakartvelo</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">They were deprived of the right to return to Sakartvelo </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">ever </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">even for a day. King Davit continued intellectual work in exile. In those days books in </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">French, German, English, Russian </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">were printed </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">about </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">the progress achieved in the decipherment of texts written in cuneiform script. Under the direction of this King Davit of Sakartvelo</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">his companion wrote a book in Kartuli language</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> on the history and progress in cuneiform studies</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> in those days</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. The manuscript of that book is in the archive at Kutaisi </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">and is still </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">unpublished. Ilia Chavchavadze wrote and published a political book on the abuse of the national rights of the Kartvels in Sakartvelo ‘governed’ by aliens sent by the Russian tsar. The book is entitled </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">Qvata Ghaghadi</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> in Kartuli; that means </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">The Stones Attest</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. The author wrote a large portion of that book about information obtained from the deciphered cuneiform texts that attest that the</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> Kartveli nation </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">created the cuneiform script</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, that this nation is</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> indigenous to the vast area, that the Kartvels founded the kingdom(s) in those areas </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">before</font></i></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">any other nation or tribe invaded and devastated </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">them</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">The first half of t</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">his book is a study in cuneiform literature and ought to be treated as such and taught at least in the Republic of Sakartvelo and </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">in </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">areas </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">situated </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">outside this republic where the Kartvels live. I. Chavchavadze died in 1906. Another Kartvelian that wrote and published a work on cuneiform studies and the relation to the modern Kartvels was Mikheil Tamarshvi</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">li(died in 191</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">1</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">)</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> known as </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Michele </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Tamarati in Rome where he worked as a </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">padre</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> in the c</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">athedral</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> and held other offices. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">It is a pity tha</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">t he did not dedicate his work e</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">ntirely to cuneiform studies</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> as there was that possibility in Rome</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. The initial part of his book printed at Rome in French in 1910 and entitled </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">L’egli</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">s</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">e Georgienne</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> is in fact a history of the Kartveli//Georgian nation from the times that they created the cuneiform script to 1864 when the Russian tsar abolished the last independent Kartvelian political unit</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, followed in several decades by the great revolt and the downfall of the royal house in Russia and the brutal slaughter of the family of the Russian Tsar N. Romanov</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">That book </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">of I. Chavchavadze </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">is absolutely ignored by teachers of the languages and literatures created in cuneiform script in Tbilisi and elsewhere. The inter</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">st of the public at large to the Sumerian studies was kindled </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">in 1995 </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">by the book </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">entitled </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">Sumeri</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">consisting of two parts, one written by</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> Zurab Qapianidze and </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">the other by </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Teimuraz M</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">bchuani. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">The second edition appeared in 2003 a</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">s a lavishly illustrated publication</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. It was</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> translated and published in the English language as well. Historians </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Amiran Tsamtsishvili, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Karlo Topuria, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Jumber Kakulia published books in 1990-ies analyzing the achievements of the Sumerian studies in view of the Kartvelian history.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Several o</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">ther authors also published works on these topics. The public at large </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">in Sakartvelo </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">needs </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">simply, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">plainly written truthful publications</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> and failing to find them, start </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">individually research </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">on their own, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">depending mainly on </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">the History of the Kartveli Eri</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> published </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">in Kartuli </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">by </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Ivane Javakhishvili( died in 1940). Several amat</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">e</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">ur authors</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, mainly engineers by education,</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> succeeded </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">in this field </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">and arrived at interesting results. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Gia Kvashilava deciphered the Phaistos Disc found in 1908 at the Isle of Curato//Creta. His report was a success at an International Conference held in London in 2009. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">The cuneiform studies in the </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">R</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">epublic of Sakartvelo are lagging behind </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">those of </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">many </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">other countries</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> that have no historical links to the creators of </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">the cuneiform script whatsoever</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> The</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> reasons of the subjugation of these studies in the Soviet Georgia</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">- the reality that has plagued the studies in this field of science </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">and caused wars </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">here</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">-is a vast theme. </font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Elderly scientists </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">blame the government of Sakartvelo that </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">used to be</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">chosen and </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">approved</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> or disaproved</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> by </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">the government of the USSR in </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Moscow and hence was never independent in his activity.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Thus at the start of the revival of the interest in cuneiform inscriptions among ethnic Kartvels stands Tina//Maria//Mariucha-the wife of Partizio della Valle</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">(XVIIc.)</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. She is followed by King Davit of Sakartuelo( died in 1819) under whose command a book was written in Kartuli, </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">followed by </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Nico Marr( an only son of the ruler of Guria region in Sakartvelo, raised by the husband of Nico’s peasant mother), Ilia Chavchavadze, Mikheil Tamarashvili, Mose Janashvili, afterwards Mikheil Tsereteli followed in XIX century and in the first decades of XX century. The role of these scientists ought to be analyzed and </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">taught at least at several kindergartens, schools, institutes in the Republic of Sakar</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">t</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">uelo in order to promote cuneiform studies by the Kartvels.</font></span></p><p style=" margin-left:36pt; margin-right:0pt; text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Literature:</font></span></p><ol type="1"><li style=" text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Lugalbanda</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> in the mountain cave. Segment A. Alster</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">, Bendt.</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">Like a clod thrown into water</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> in Zeitscrift fur die kund der des Morgenlands.1996; 86. 17-20</font></span></li><li style=" text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Gilgamesh</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> and Aga. Black Jeremy A. 1995.Real and unreal conditional sentences in Sumerian</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">Acta Sumerologica</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> 17. 15-39</font></span></li><li style=" text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">W.H.</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Van Soldt:A note on Old Babylonian </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><i><font size="3">lu ittum</font></i></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> “Let me remind you”</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> Z</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">.</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">A</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">ssyr. Band 82.</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> no.</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">1. 30. 1992</font></span></li><li style=" text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Tsereteli, Mikheil, Sumerian </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">and the Georgian</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. Journal of the Royal As</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">i</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">atic Society</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> of the Great Britain and Ireland</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">1913.</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> No.1. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">23-46</font></span></li><li style=" text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Chavchavadze, Ilia. Qvata Ghaghadi</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. The </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">tones Attest</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">(in Kart.)</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. 1897 Tbilisi</font></span></li><li><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Janashvili, Mose. Qaldeuri lursmnuli dzegltserani</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">.</font></span> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Cuneiform texts</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> from Chaldea. In Kartuli//Georgian. Archive of M. Janashvili in the Center of Manuscripts.man</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">usc</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">no.</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">148, 14</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">9</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. 154. Tbilisi</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">.</font></span></li><li style=" text-align:justify"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Janashvili, Mose. Saqartvelos istoria. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">History of </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">S</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">akartuelo</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">(</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3"> in Kart.).</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">Tbilisi. </font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">1906</font></span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">. 24</font></span></li></ol></div><br>NATELA POPKHADZEhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13568269499155042696noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1993044457595238899.post-83691268866659580812008-09-13T00:26:00.000-07:002008-09-13T00:26:20.696-07:00<IMG src="http://docs.google.com/File?id=dcqgntdg_61fx93kffr_b" ><br>NATELA POPKHADZEhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/13568269499155042696noreply@blogger.com0